催化光度法测定痕量铜的新体系研究

报道了在Ｈ２ＳＯ４介质中，溴代十六烷基吡啶和活化剂乙二胺存在下，痕量铜催化抗坏血酸还原ＣａｄｉｏｎＩ（苯基重氮氨基偶氮苯）的褪色反应，测定了反应表现活化能，探讨了反应机理，建立了选择性地测定痕量铜的新方法，线性范围为０～１．４μｇ／２５ｍＬ，方法用于人发及食品中痕量铜的测定，结果满意。     

Microwave irradiation and COMU: a potent combination for solid-phase peptide synthesis

Here we demonstrate the compatibility of Oxyma-based uronium-type coupling reagent COMU with microwave-assisted peptide synthesizers. Consistent with previous reports, COMU displayed higher efficiency than benzotriazole classical immonium salts HATU and HBTU in the demanding synthesis of the Aib derivative of Leu-Enkephalin pentapeptide and did not yield Oxyma-based byproducts. Thus, the combination of microwave irradiation and COMU resulted in a similar performance in considerably shorter time to that achieved by manual synthesis.     

Cobalt‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Functionalized Alkylzinc Reagents with (Hetero)Aryl Halides

A combination of 10 % CoCl₂ and 20 % 2,2′‐bipyridine ligands enables cross‐coupling of functionalized primary and secondary alkylzinc reagents with various (hetero)aryl halides. Couplings with 1,3‐ and 1,4‐substituted cycloalkylzinc reagents proceeded diastereoselectively leading to functionalized heterocycles with high diastereoselectivities of up to 98:2. Furthermore, alkynyl bromides react with primary and secondary alkylzinc reagents providing the alkylated alkynes.     

Novel polymer-supported β-diketonate nickel catalysts for α-olefin activation

Styrene–divinylbenzene resins were used for the synthesis of different polymer-bound β-diketones, obtained by anchoring the chelating group through either the central or the lateral position. The heterogenized diketone ligand was subsequently reacted with Ni(COD)₂ analogously to the corresponding homogeneous catalysts active in α-olefin oligomerization. The heterogenized catalysts showed a good activity only when the central position of the chelate moiety was free. Heterogenization caused a significant change of selectivity: olefin oligomerization was accompanied by the formation of a large amount of polymeric products. This behavior is discussed in terms of steric effects caused by the bulky polymeric ligand. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Efficient Synthesis of Substituted Indene Derivatives

An efficient protocol for the synthesis of new functionalized indenes 3 was successfully realized. Thus the coupling reaction of allyl acetate 2 with Grignard reagents in the presence of a catalytic amount of LiCuBr₂ at low temperature afforded pure ethyl 1-alkyl-1H-indenes-2-carboxylate 3 in good yields.     

Regioselective allylation reactions using crotyl Grignard reagent-CeCl3 systems

Regioselective allylation reactions using crotyl Grignard reagent-CeCl₃ systems are described. Regioselectivity depends on the lanthanide salts: α-product was predominantly produced with light rare earth elements such as La, Ce, Pr, Nd, whereas γ-product was formed when heavy rare earth elements were used.     

Copper‐Catalyzed Propargylic Substitution of Dichloro Substrates: Enantioselective Synthesis of Trisubstituted Allenes and Formation of Propargylic Quaternary Stereogenic Centers

An easy and versatile Cu‐catalyzed propargylic substitution process is presented. Using easily prepared prochiral dichloro substrates, readily available Grignard reagents together with catalytic amount of copper salt and chiral ligand, we accessed a range of synthetically interesting trisubstituted chloroallenes. Substrate scope and nucleophile scope are broad, providing generally high enantioselectivity for the desired 1,3‐substitution products. The enantioenriched chloroallenes could be further transformed into the corresponding trisubstituted allenes or terminal alkynes bearing all‐carbon quaternary stereogenic centers, through the copper‐catalyzed enantiospecific 1,1/1,3‐substitutions. The two successive copper‐catalyzed reactions could be eventually combined into a one‐pot procedure and different desired allenes or alkynes were obtained respectively with high enantiomeric excesses.     

亚磺化脱卤试剂在有机合成中的应用

本文综述了亚磺化脱卤试剂在有机合成中的应用。特别是氟烷基化反应中的应用。