新定义的价连接性指数与有机物理化活性的相关性研究

基于分子中成键原子i的结构特征和所处的化学环境,新定义了原子的价点价δYi,以价连接矩阵为基础构建了一个新的能表征含多重键、杂原子分子结构信息的价连接性指数mωY. mωY对有机化合物异构体具有很强的选择性和区分能力.用0ωY, 1ωY和分子中的含碳数NC研究了有机物的一系列理化活性,其相关性良好,并发现不同的性质,0ωY, 1ωY和NC所起的作用程度是有所不同的.新模型物理意义明确,计算简便,对不同类型有机物的不同理化活性具有良好的估算和预测能力,计算值与实验值的吻合程度均优于相应文献的结果.     

物理化学在线课程教学设计与实践——以热力学第二定律与卡诺热机为例*

提出在线课程应立足于对线下课堂教学内容的疏导、梳理、凝练和升华,并以“热力学第二定律与卡诺热机”在线课程为例进行介绍。采用问题链形式引导学生从卡诺热机推导热力学第二定律数学表达式,阐明了卡诺热机在热力学第二定律形成过程中的重要作用和地位,强调了卡诺对于热力学的重要贡献,培养了学生探究精神和学科素养。为在线课程提供了教学案例和设计思路。     

不同松香改性树脂对农药可分散油悬浮剂物理稳定性的影响

研究了添加松香及其改性氢化松香甘油酯、氢化松香季戊四醇酯、松香改性对特辛基苯酚树脂对以油酸甲酯为介质的12.5%氰霜唑·吡唑醚菌酯可分散油悬浮剂物理稳定性及流变特性的影响。傅里叶变换红外光谱表征结果表明,与松香酸相比,氢化松香甘油酯、氢化松香季戊四醇酯和松香改性对特辛基苯酚树脂的羧基吸收峰消失且出现酯基的特征吸收峰。实验中,随加成烷基醇碳链的延长,软化点升高。且随着树脂的质量分数增加,制剂的粘度提高,物理稳定性也相应提高(析油率降低)。流变结果表明,添加松香改性树脂的可分散油悬浮剂体系呈正触变性,且树脂种类对体系的屈服值影响较大,具体表现为:松香改性对特辛基苯酚>氢化松香季戊四醇酯>氢化松香甘油酯>松香,制剂的物理稳定性也呈现相同的趋势。因此,松香改性树脂具有作为可分散油悬浮剂物理稳定剂的应用潜力。     

流形元法固定边界约束处理研究

在数值流形方法中,对于材料的固定边界,一般采用罚函数的方法进行处理,即在固定边界上设置刚性弹簧约束其位移来实现固定约束条件的近似满足。罚函数法在理论上不是严格的固定约束处理方法,罚弹簧的布置与弹簧刚度的大小对模拟的效果都会产生影响。基于流形单元上位移函数的组成提出了流形方法固定边界约束处理的新方法,在组成流形单元的物理覆盖上,通过取消相应的覆盖函数在流形单元位移函数中的组成来实现双向固定的约束条件,通过使用只包含单方向位移的覆盖函数使x向固定约束条件和y向固定约束条件得到实现,推导了相应固定约束条件下的流形单元刚度矩阵的数值计算格式。该方法严格满足固定约束的物理意义,简化了固定边界的处理,并经算例证明是有效和准确的,有利于数值流形方法的程序实现和工程应用。     

多学科跨专业物理实验教学研究

本文以跨专业物理实验的教学实践为例,阐述了开设具有特色的适用多专业的实验内容,是实现素质教育的途径之一。     

信息化时代物理化学课程的教学改革与实践

互联网的发展加速了信息和知识的传播,在为大学课程教学提供更多资源的同时也给传统的课堂教学方法带来很大挑战。介绍了北京师范大学物理化学教学团队在线上线下混合教学方法的创立、大规模在线开放课程（MOOC）建设、思政元素引入教学等方面利用互联网资源所实施的教学改革和实践,为探究和建立信息时代大学化学课程教学方法的新模式提供参考。     

Radiophotolumenescence of Irradiated Polymethylmethacrylate Doped with Some Charge Transfer Complexes

Radiophotolumenescence (RPL) of irradiated and non irradiated thin films of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) doped with anthracene (Anth) as a donor, and tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) as an acceptor, has been investigated. The RPL – glow spectrum was recorded to study the characterizing emission bands from the point of view of glow peak position and intensity and hence the prospective relative sensitivities. RFL – signal fading after one month storage in dark at room temperature post gamma irradiation was also studied. PMMA doped with 6:4 donor to acceptor ratio has been proved to be the most sensitive one with less fading regarding gamma detection. On the other hand 2 Anth: 8 TCNQ was found to be the proper dopant concentration ratio for thermal neutron detection.     

A physical mechanism based investigation on the elasto-plastic-damage behavior of anisotropic aluminum alloys under finite deformation

The elasto-plastic-damage behavior of anisotropic aluminum alloys is investigated under finite deformation using a physical mechanism based constitutive model. With an application to the structural calculation, the present model is used to describe and analyze the mechanical response of anisotropic 6260-T6 aluminum alloy extrusions. For the tensile specimens extracted along three different material orientations from the extruded aluminum profile, twelve simulations are carried out covering four different specimen geometries. The simulation results in force-displacement response and central logarithmic axial strain evolution are compared with experimental results. From the comparisons, it can be concluded that the present model has the capacity to describe the behavior of anisotropic material. From the force-displacement curves, the anisotropy is observed in different material orientations, and the physical mechanism of anisotropy is analyzed.     

Soliton squeezing generated in an all-fiber contiguration

We experimentally demonstrate amplitude squeezed soliton utilizing intensity-dependent self-phase modulation in an asymmetric Sagnac interferometer.The system.whose components are connected via ferrule connector/physical connection(FC/PC)fiber connectors,constitutes all-fiber configuration to generate squeezed soliton.Soliton amplitude reduction measured by homodyne detection is near 4.0 dB below the shot-noise level.Optimal squeezing fields in both simple and compact all-fiber configuration are obtained.