柱形装药水中爆炸气泡的形态演变

 采用高速摄影方法在实验水箱中获得了长径比为3.35~6.75的柱形PETN炸药水中爆炸气泡脉动的图像,进而结合真实的爆轰过程和Rayleigh气泡运动方程,研究了气泡的形态演变规律。研究结果表明,柱形装药在水中爆炸时,形成的初始气泡的形状为非球对称形,这种非对称特征随长径比的增加而增大。气泡表面的运动也表现出明显的非球对称特征,气泡表面在装药径向的膨胀运动呈指数衰减,在装药轴向两端的膨胀运动更接近于分段线性衰减。气泡表面的不对称运动与柱形装药水下爆炸的能量输出结构不均有关,与冲击波的有效能量分布规律是相似的。     

Finding DEA-efficient hyperplanes using MOLP efficient faces

This paper suggests a method for finding efficient hyperplanes with variable returns to scale the technology in data envelopment analysis (DEA) by using the multiple objective linear programming (MOLP) structure. By presenting an MOLP problem for finding the gradient of efficient hyperplanes, We characterize the efficient faces. Thus, without finding the extreme efficient points of the MOLP problem and only by identifying the efficient faces of the MOLP problem, we characterize the efficient hyperplanes which make up the DEA efficient frontier. Finally, we provide an algorithm for finding the efficient supporting hyperplanes and efficient defining hyperplanes, which uses only one linear programming problem.     

On duality in multiple objective linear programming

In this paper we present two approaches to duality in multiple objective linear programming. The first approach is based on a duality relation between maximal elements of a set and minimal elements of its complement. It offers a general duality scheme which unifies a number of known dual constructions and improves several existing duality relations. The second approach utilizes polarity between a convex polyhedral set and the epigraph of its support function. It leads to a parametric dual problem and yields strong duality relations, including those of geometric duality.     

Influence of oxygen addition on the discharge characteristics of an argon plasma jet at atmospheric pressure

Plasma jet is an important low-temperature plasma source in extensive application fields. To promote the production of active oxygen species, oxygen is often introduced into the inert working gas. However, the influence of oxygen content on the discharge characteristics of an argon plasma jet is not clear. Aim to this status, an argon plasma jet in a single-electrode geometry is employed to investigate the influence of oxygen concentration (C_O) on discharge aspects. Results indicate that with increasing C_O (≤ 0.6%), the plume transits from a diffuse morphology to a hollow structure. Electrical and optical measurements reveal that both discharge number per voltage cycle and pulse intensity alter with varying C_O. Moreover, discharge morphologies of negative and positive discharges obtained by fast photograph also shift with varying C_O. Besides, optical emission spectra are collected to investigate atomic C_O, electron density, and electron temperature. The results mentioned above are explained qualitatively, which are believed to be of great significance for the applications of atmospheric pressure plasma jet.     

A new algorithm for generating all nondominated solutions of multiobjective discrete optimization problems

Most real-life decision-making activities require more than one objective to be considered. Therefore, several studies have been presented in the literature that use multiple objectives in decision models. In a mathematical programming context, the majority of these studies deal with two objective functions known as bicriteria optimization, while few of them consider more than two objective functions. In this study, a new algorithm is proposed to generate all nondominated solutions for multiobjective discrete optimization problems with any number of objective functions. In this algorithm, the search is managed over (p − 1)-dimensional rectangles where p represents the number of objectives in the problem and for each rectangle two-stage optimization problems are solved. The algorithm is motivated by the well-known ε-constraint scalarization and its contribution lies in the way rectangles are defined and tracked. The algorithm is compared with former studies on multiobjective knapsack and multiobjective assignment problem instances. The method is highly competitive in terms of solution time and the number of optimization models solved.     

便携式150kV闪光X光源研制及应用

基于快前沿Mini-Marx发生器拓扑结构和冷阴极反射靶真空X射线二极管一体化设计研发出了紧凑型便携式150kV闪光X光源系统。介绍了设计的Mini-Marx发生器和闪光X光二极管,给出了相应的实验结果。该闪光X光源系统获得了距光源25cm处剂量大于7.7×10-6 C/kg、1m处穿透铝大于60mm、焦斑1~3mm可调的闪光X射线。该闪光X光源和成像单元组成的闪光照相具有系统体积小、运行可靠的特点。     

数字对焦光场成像清晰度评价方法研究

结合光场成像数字对焦空间域算法和频率域算法的区别,分别提出了适用的图像清晰度评价方式,并进行了仿真实验分析.空间域评价方法根据评价区域缩小图像重构数据量,频率域评价方法则将评价函数嵌入到图像重构过程中,改进后的方法相对传统方法提高了速度.     

用于图像拼接的电视摄像光学系统

采用图像拼接的方法获得了大视场、高角分辨率的电视摄像。用单心球透镜将无穷远目标成一以球透镜球心为圆心的球面像,用围绕球透镜的中继物镜阵列中的每一个中继物镜,按各自对应的球面上的一部分,成像在面阵CCD像面上,最后经电视图像处理技术将这些图像合拼成一幅图像。本文还给出了一个中继物镜阵列最多可由20×20个中继物镜组成的设计结果,焦距为457.9 mm,视场为 120°×104.8°,像素达到85亿、角分辨率为8"。用3个这样的系统,还可以实现360°全景式高分辨率摄像。这是一个在军事侦查、机场安全监视、空中和地面预警、航天摄影以及体育报道等方面具有广泛应用前景的新型电视摄像技术。     

Visualization of high radiation field by radiophotoluminescence photography

We have proposed a simple technique for the visualization of high radiation fields by radiophotoluminescence (RPL) photography. Pulverized RPL glass particles were encapsulated into hundreds of polystyrene balls of accumulation-type RPL detectors. The RPL detectors were placed near an intense gamma-ray source. After irradiation, the RPL detectors were uniformly brightened with a UV illuminator. Orange RPL could be observed by the naked eye at doses above 5 Gy. For a dose above 0.5 Gy, a clear RPL photograph was taken with a digital camera. The spatial dose distribution was obtained through digital image processing of the RPL photograph. Therefore, this simple RPL photographing technique using RPL detectors is useful for detecting high levels of radioactivity.     

Non‐Enzymatic Electrochemical Detection of Glucose with a Gold Nanowire Array Electrode

High‐performance electrodes for in vivo electrochemical detection of glucose (GO) are highly desirable. In this work, we propose a new approach to efficiently and precisely prepare a Au nanowire array electrode (ANAE) with a line width of 78 nm and a large sensor area of 60 mm×60 mm for GO detection. In this approach three techniques, i.e., vacuum sputtering‐deposition, holography photolithography, and argon ion‐beam etching, are integrated. The fabricated ANAE exhibits good performance for GO detection. A linear amperometric response to the oxidation of GO in a concentration range of 0.4–10 mM is observed. The ANAE is characterized by its high detection sensitivity, selectivity, stability and good biocompatibility. All of these make it a promising tool for GO detection and other relevant applications.