Thermal gradient induced sidebranching in directional solidification

The polycrystalline perovskitelike manganese oxides La_1-xA_xMnO (A = Na, and K, ) have been fabricated by sol-gel technique. For all the compositions explored in this work, the average manganese oxidation state is practically constant, at for A = Na, and for A = K, respectively. A close relationship is confirmed to hold between the Curie temperature (T_c) and the bond distance of Mn-O. Results of magnetic measurements show that these materials can be utilized as suitable candidates for magnetic refrigerants with wide applied temperature span, for their significant entropy change and the easily tuned Curie temperature. Received: 12 September 1997 / Revised: 18 December 1997 / Accepted: 21 January 1998     

Optic Fiber Interferometer for Absolute Distance Measurement

1.IntroductionAbsolutedistancemeasurementisfarfromanewtopic.However,itisstillafieldstimulatinggreatinterestsnowadaysduetoitSimportantroleinmanufacturingandassembly['J.SincethegreatsuccessachievedbyMichelsonandBenoitwhentheyfirstdevelopedaninterferometertodeterminethestandardmeterintermsofthemonochromaticredcadmiumline,theopticinterferometerhasbeenprovedtobeoneofthemostpreciseandefficientwayindisplacementmeasurementbecauseofitshighdiscriminationandsimplestructure.However,thetraditionalinterfe…     

Studies on basicity of alkali metal catron exchanged β and X zeolites by pyrrole-IR spectroscopy

The strength of basic sites has been measured by pyrrole-IR on alkali metal cation exchanged β and X zeolites, as well as NaOH loaded Naβ. The influence of cation type and the structure of zeolites on their basicity has been studied. The acidic and basic properties of the samples were investigated by NH3-TPD and isopropanol reaction. It was shown that the strength of basic sites on samples could be characterized by the shift of vNH band in the pyrrole-IR spectra. The framework oxygen charges were calculated from the Sanderson electronegativity. The changes in basic properties with various alkali metal cation are consistent with the changes of local oxygen charges of the zeolite framework.     

Selectivity changes towards steroids in packed column supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) induced by temperature and pressure variation

Summary Pressure/temperature variation in SFC was shown to influence selectivity towards steroids. Major changes were observed for polar column packings compared to non-polar packings and variation of the amount of modifier showed that this is valid over the whole investigated range. The effect is underlined by a fall in resolution in the low density range (low pressure/high temperature) for polar stationary phases and appears to be significantly larger than for non-polar phases. Major selectivity shifts induced by variation of the physical properties of the mobile phase are considered to be due to the greater effect of polar modifiers on the nature of polar stationary phases than on non-polar phases.     

压力淬火过程中锗的相结构研究

 应用高压原位差热方法，直接测量了压力下锗的固化参数─—固化温度与过冷度。高压差热信号表明，当压力大于3 GPa时，锗在凝固过程中可能发生结构相变。X射线结构分析表明，在最终的样品中除GeⅠ相外，还形成GeⅢ相和GeⅣ相。     

Phasenbeziehungen und Natriumionenleitung im quasi-binären System Na2SiF6/Na3AlF6

Phase Relations and Sodium Ion Conductivity within the Quasi-binary System Na₂SiF₆/Na₂AIF₆ . The phase diagram of the Na₂SiF₆/Na₃AlF₆ system has been determined by means of x-ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis and conductivity measurements in the sub-solidus region. Na₃AlF₆ accomodates up to 73 mol.-% Na₂SiF₆ maintaining the crystal structure type. The sodium ion conductivity increases by about five orders of magnitude upon doping Na₃AlF₆ with Na₂SiF₆.     

Schwinger boson mapping of SO(8) fermion model

The Schwinger representation of the SO(8) fermion pair algebra in terms ofd and quasispin vector (u, s, v) bosons is used in deriving a microscopic boson coherent state having both particle-hole and pair excitations. The coherent state is the exact boson image of the HFB variational solution. We can study the shape phase transition and pairing behaviour of the nuclear ground states using the coherent states.     

VRPTW的扰动恢复及其TABU SEARCH算法

本文对带时间窗的车辆路线安排扰动恢复问题进行了讨论,分析了各种可能的扰动:增加减少客户,时间窗、客户需求及路线可行性的扰动,构造了扰动模型.利用禁忌搜索算法对问题进行求解,同时通过对模型参数重新设置,得到了多个满足要求的不同的解,这样使解更具有实际可行性和有效性.     

Simulation of a High Harmonic Gyrotron with Axis-Encircling Electron Beam and Permanent Magnet

A computer code for simulation of beam-field interaction in a resonant cavity of a gyrotron has been developed. It is based on a self-consistent, time-independent, single-mode physical model. The code has been applied to the analysis of the electrodynamical system of a novel high-harmonic gyrotron with axis-encircling beam and a permanent magnet. In this paper both the physical model and numerical techniques used are outlined. Some results of the numerical experiments are presented and discussed.