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31.
Maria Esmeralda C. de Sousa Valria Wanderley-Teixeira lvaro A.C. Teixeira Herbert A.A. de Siqueira Fbio A.B. Santos Luiz C. Alves 《Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)》2009,40(7):743-749
The insect midgut has ultimately been the focus of researches tempting to control insect pests because alterations in the insect gut may affect not only its development, but also physiological events such as nutrient absorption and transformation. The objective of the present work was to describe morphologically, histochemically, and ultrastructurally the larva midgut of Alabama argillacea (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a cotton key pest in Brazil. Light and electronic transmission microscopy was used to obtain images from midgut sections of late fourth-instar larvae of A. argillacea. In general, the morphology, histochemistry, and ultrastructure characteristics of A. argillacea midgut follow that described in the literature for other lepidopteran species. However, the results showed a mitochondrial polymorphism and branched microvilli, which suggest an ultrastrucutural and physiological modification possibly associated with a high absorption and secretion activity by the columnar cells of this species. This intense activity may favor a faster response related to the action of ingested microbial agents and/or toxins, and can explain the high susceptibility of A. argillacea to the agents of control such as the toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis. 相似文献
32.
Daniel Zaragoza-Puchol Javier E. Ortiz Alejandro A. Orden Marianela Sanchez Jorge Palermo Alejandro Tapia Jaume Bastida Gabriela E. Feresin 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(1)
Plants in the Amaryllidaceae family synthesize a diversity of bioactive alkaloids. Some of these plant species are not abundant and have a low natural multiplication rate. The aims of this work were the alkaloids analysis of a Habranthus cardenasianus bulbs extract, the evaluation of its inhibitory activity against cholinesterases, and to test several propagation strategies for biomass production. Eleven compounds were characterized by GC-MS in the alkaloid extract, which showed a relatively high proportion of tazettine. The known alkaloids tazettine, haemanthamine, and the epimer mixture haemanthidine/6-epi-haemanthidine were isolated and identified by spectroscopic methods. Inhibitory cholinesterases activity was not detected. Three forms of propagation were performed: bulb propagation from seed, cut-induced bulb division, and micropropagated bulbs. Finally, different imbibition and post-collection times were evaluated in seed germination assays. The best propagation method was cut-induced bulb division with longitudinal cuts into quarters (T1) while the best conditions for seed germination were 0-day of post-collection and two days of imbibition. The alkaloids analyses of the H. cardenasianus bulbs showed that they are a source of anti-tumoral alkaloids, especially pretazettine (tazettine) and T1 is a sustainable strategy for its propagation and domestication to produce bioactive alkaloids. 相似文献
33.
In this brief review, an overview about recent efforts to simulate the spectroscopic signatures of chiral molecules is given with focus on real time propagation approaches to solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. In particular the simulation of electric circular dichroism spectra and vibrational Raman optical activity is discussed. In comparison to linear absorption spectra, where only the response of the electric dipole moment is necessary, the response of the magnetic dipole moment and electric quadrupole moment is more intricate. Issues such as gauge origin dependence, basis set dependence, non-local potentials and the dipole approximation are addressed. 相似文献
34.
宽频带激光自由空间传输的调制特性研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
基于惠更斯-菲涅耳衍射积分公式,研究了宽带光束在菲涅耳衍射区的自由空间传输特性,得到宽带光束传输的调制深度与光束带宽Δλ及菲涅耳数F的变化关系。结果表明:一定的带宽对光束的均匀性有适当的改善;当光束的带宽Δλ<2λ0/F时,带宽越大,光束越均匀;当带宽满足条件Δλ=2λ0/F时,菲涅耳衍射完全消失;在一定的菲涅耳数范围内,宽带光束的调制深度随菲涅耳数振荡变化,振荡曲线的主极大值和次极大值分别出现在菲涅耳数为奇数和偶数处,而极小值则出现在菲涅耳数F=2k±1/3(k=1,2,3,…)处,在极小值处光束的均匀性最好。 相似文献
35.
《Wave Motion》2020
Acoustoelastic effect describes the change of ultrasound velocity due to the initial stress. Its simulation involves a numerical analysis of nonlinear elastodynamics and requires high accuracy in the time domain. A time–space finite element formulation, derived from the quadratic interpolation of the acceleration within a time segment, is proposed for an accurate simulation of the acoustoelastic effect in the present study. Ten different integration schemes are generated based on this formulation and nine of them are found to be conditionally stable. Among the nine stable schemes, one is found to obtain a spectral radius of one when the normalized step ratio is less than 5.477, indicating no numerical dissipation or numerical divergence. Compared with integration schemes from previous studies, this integration scheme demonstrates better performance in calculation accuracy and energy conservation. A two-stage approach, namely the static stage and the dynamic stage, has been employed in the simulation of the acoustoelastic effect. The former stage is adopted to obtain the initial stress and the latter stage, where the proposed integration scheme is implemented, is adopted to simulate the ultrasound propagation in an initial stress state. The simulation results of the dynamic stage show that the ultrasound velocity increases in a compression stress state and decreases in a tension stress state for aluminum alloy, which is in good agreement with previous experimental studies. Together with the simulation result of the static stage, it is conjectured that the acoustoelastic effect results from the stress-dependent elastic modulus. 相似文献
36.
Finding a seed set to propagate more information within a specific budget is defined as the influence maximization (IM) problem. The traditional IM model contains two cardinal aspects: (i) the influence propagation model and (ii) effective/efficient seed-seeking algorithms. However, most of models only consider one kind of node (i.e., influential nodes), ignoring the role of other nodes (e.g., boosting nodes) in the spreading process, which are irrational. Specifically, in the real-world propagation scenario, the boosting nodes always improve the spread of influence from the initial activated seeds, which is an efficient and cost-economic measure. In this paper, we consider the realistic budgeted influence maximization (RBIM) problem, which contains two kind of nodes to improve the diffusion of influence. Facing the newly modified objective function, we propose a novel B-degree discount algorithm to solve it. The novel B-degree discount algorithm which adopts the cost-economic boosting nodes to retweet the influence from the predecessor nodes can greatly reduce the cost, and performs better than other state-of-the-art algorithms in both effect and efficiency on RBIM problem solving. 相似文献
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39.
动态裂纹扩展中的分形效应 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
假设裂纹顶端沿着分形轨迹运动,建立了裂纹扩展的分形弯折(kinking)模型来描述裂纹的动态扩展。根据这个模型,我们推导了分形裂纹扩展对劝态应力强度和裂纹速度的影响.动态应力强度因子与表观应力强度因子之比K(l(t),V)/K(L(t),O)是表观裂纹速度V_O,材料微结构参数(d/Δa),分维D和裂纹扩展路径的弯折角θ的函数。本文研究结果表明:在分形裂纹扩展中,表观(或量测)的裂纹速度V_O很难接近Rayleigh波速C_r.动态断裂实验中V_O明显低于C_r的原因可能是分形裂纹扩展效应所致。材料的微结构,裂纹扩展路径的分维和弯折角均很强地影响动态应力强度因子和裂纹扩展速度。 相似文献
40.
The early transient responses of multi-span stepped single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) under impact loadings are studied by the method of reverberation ray matrix (MRRM). The dynamics model of the carbon nanotubes is established in the Fourier phase space on the basis of the nonlocal Timoshenko beam model. The wave solutions of SWCNTs with arbitrary boundary conditions are obtained by the wave method. The reverberation ray matrix of the multi-span stepped SWCNTs is the product of scattering, phase and permutation matrices, which can be determined by the impact loadings, continuous conditions and boundary conditions. The early transient responses can be calculated by the inverse Fourier transform of the sum of initial ray groups. It can be found that the early transient displacement response in the very short time subjected to the impact loading is very small, while the transient transverse shear strain becomes large in the very short time. The influences of nanotubes span number, nanotubes type and boundary conditions on the early transient responses of multi-span stepped SWCNTs are investigated. 相似文献