分析信号处理方法的比较研究

研究了高效液相色谱－火焰原子吸收光谱联用系统分析信号处理方法，比较了各种处理方法的优缺点，用积分与适应平滑法综合处理色谱峰分析信号，不仅能有效地消除噪声，而且能使分析信号得到加强，以测定镍为例，经积分与适应平滑法综合处理后，检出限改善了２．７倍。     

The determination of adsorbable organically bound halogens (AOX) in soil: interlaboratory comparisons and reference materials

The interlaboratory variability in the quantification of adsorbable organically bound halogens (AOX) in industrially contaminated soil is presented. Three consecutive rounds of a proficiency testing scheme, in which between 88 and 119 routine laboratories participated, yielded relative reproducibility standard deviations between 7 and 20% at AOX contents between 10.9 and 268 mg kg⁻¹. Nineteen laboratories with established proficiency were invited to participate in the certification of the AOX content in three soil reference materials meant for the internal quality control in analytical laboratories. The certified values are (1349 ± 59) mg kg⁻¹, (80 ± 7) mg kg⁻¹ and (102 ± 8) mg kg⁻¹, respectively.     

Insights into the Retention Mechanisms on Perfluorohexylpropylsiloxane-Bonded (Fluophase-RP) and Octadecylsiloxane-Bonded (Betasil C18) Stationary Phases Based on the Same Silica Substrate in RP-LC

The solvation parameter model is used to elucidate the retention mechanism on a perfluorohexylpropylsiloxane-bonded (Fluophase RP) and octadecylsiloxane-bonded (Betasil C18) stationary phases based on the same silica substrate with acetonitrile–water and methanol–water mobile phase compositions. Dewetting affects the retention properties of Fluophase RP at mobile phase compositions containing less than 20% (v/v) acetonitrile or 40% (v/v) methanol. It results in a loss of retention due to an unfavorable change in the phase ratio as well as changes in specific intermolecular interactions. Steric repulsion reduces retention of bulky solutes on fully solvated Betasil C18 with methanol–water (but not acetonitrile–water) mobile phase compositions but is not important for Fluophase RP. The retention of weak bases is affected by ion-exchange interactions on Fluophase RP with acetonitrile–water, and to a lesser extent, methanol-water mobile phases but these are weak at best for Betasil C18. The system constants of the solvation parameter model and retention factor scatter plots are used to compare selectivity differences for Fluophase RP, Betasil C18 and a perfluorophenylpropylsiloxane-bonded silica stationary phase Discovery HS F5 for conditions where incomplete solvation, steric repulsion and ion-exchange do not significantly contribute to the retention mechanism. Lower retention on Fluophase RP results from weaker dispersion and/or higher cohesion moderated to different extents by polar interactions since solvated Fluophase RP is a stronger hydrogen-bond acid and more dipolar/polarizable than Betasil C18. Retention factors for acetonitrile–water mobile phases are highly correlated for Fluophase RP and Betasil C18 except for compounds with a large excess molar refraction and weak hydrogen-bonding capability. Selectivity differences are more significant for methanol–water mobile phases. Retention factors on Fluophase RP are strongly correlated with those on Discovery HSF5 for acetonitrile–water mobile phases while methanol–water mobile phases retention on Fluophase RP is a poor predictor of the retention order on Discovery HS F5.     

色谱技术在中药指纹图谱研究中的应用

 介绍了气相色谱、高效液相色谱、超临界流体色谱和高速逆流色谱等几种色谱技术在中药指纹图谱研究中的应用现状,以及使用模糊聚类分析和人工神经网络分析指纹图谱对中药进行模式识别和质量鉴定的方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定糙米粉中的维生素

高效液相色谱法测定糙米粉中的维生素吴红京，唐根源，王勇（中国科学院福建物质结构研究所福州３５０００２）（福建药品检验所福州３５０００１）１前言众所周知，糙米粉有很高的营养价值，含有人体必需的多种维生素。用高效液相色谱法（ＨＰＬＣ）和薄层色谱法（ＴＬＣ...     

CALCULATING THE MOLECULAR INTERNAL ROTATING STERIC FACTOR OF POLYMERS BY THE RADIATION CROSSLINKING METHOD

In this paper, calculating the molecular internal rotating steric factor of polymers by the radiation crosslinking method is studied and a relationship between the molecular internal rotating steric factor (σ) and crosslinking parameter βis established~([1]) by taking account of the effect of polymer chain flexibility on βvalue, σvalue of polymer obtained by this method is in agreement with that given with other method.     

Clinical quality vs analytical performance: what are the right targets and target values?

For optimal performance of laboratory tests, testing processes should be designed to provide clinically useful quality and QC procedures should be selected to assure that the necessary clinical quality is achieved in routine production. One important issue is how to define clinical quality. Today’s practice guidelines, quality regulations, and quality standards provide some targets for analytical quality, but they fail to adequately address clinical quality. Target values for precision and accuracy are not the same as clinical quality, though analytical performance certainly contributes to the clinical quality of test results. How can we proceed in our quest to improve quality when there are inconsistencies and inadequacies in the specifications found in practice guidelines, regulations, and standards? Today target values are often being set for the wrong targets. A better approach is possible if we focus on test interpretation guidelines to define clinical quality, then derive specifications for the accuracy and precision that are appropriate for the method, as well the QC rules and numbers of control measurements that are necessary to guarantee the desired quality will be achieved in routine operation of the testing process.     

MnOx在ZrO2上分散状态及对CO氧化的影响

近年，氧化铝载体以其独特性能引起多方面的关注［1］．当将Pt、Rh金属担载在ZrO2上时，在金属和氧化物之间存在着强的相互作用［2，3］，从而提高了CO氧化和NO的还原性能．目前，许多作者曾对ZrO2。负载氧化铜催化剂进行了较系统的研究[4，5]：氧化锰对许多重要的催化反应有广     

超声波处理对球形β-Ni(OH)2结构及电化学性能的影响

A method of ultrasonic treatment （UST） was first used to modify the structure and electrochemical performance of nickel hydroxide for the active material of nickel series alkaline batteries. The experimental results showed that UST was an effective method to improve the electrochemical performance of β-Ni（OH）2 such as specific discharge capacity, discharge potential, electrochemical reversibility and oxygen evolution over-potential. The results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and particle size distribution indicated that the improvement of the performance of β-Ni（OH）2 through UST was attributed to the reduction of the charge-transfer resistance （Rt） and the diffusion impedance （Zw）, which resulted from the decrease of the crystallite and particle size and the increase of interlayer spacing. Diffusion coefficient of proton DH of ultrasonic treated β-Ni（OH）2 gained by CV tests was 1.13 × 10^-11 cm^2/s, and the average discharge specific capacity of ultrasonic treated β-Ni（OH）2 electrode was 301 mAh/g.     

Parameter identification of thermophilic anaerobic degradation of valerate

The considered mathematical model of the decomposition of valerate presents three unknown kinetic parameters, two unknown stoichiometric coefficients, and three unknown initial concentrations for biomass. Applying a structural identifiability study, we concluded that it is necessary to perform simultaneous batch experiments with differenitial conditions for estimating these parameters. Four simultaneous batch experiments were conducted at 55°C, characterized by four different initial acetate concentrations. Product inhibition of valerate degradation by acetate was considered. Practical identification was done optimizing the sum of the multiple determination coefficients for all measured state viariables and for all experiments simultaneously. The estimated values of kinetic parameters and stoichiometric coefficients were characterized by the parameter correlation matrix, the confidence interval, and the student's t-test at 9% significance level with positive results except for the saturation constant, for which more eperiments for improving its identifiability should be conducted. In this article, we discussekinetic parameter estimation methods.