Model for a Universe described by a non-minimally coupled scalar field and interacting dark matter

In this work the evolution of a Universe model is investigated where a scalar field, non-minimally coupled to space-time curvature, plays the role of quintessence and drives the Universe to a present accelerated expansion. A non-relativistic dark matter constituent that interacts directly with dark energy is also considered, where the dark matter particle mass is assumed to be proportional to the value of the scalar field. Two models for dark matter pressure are considered: the usual one, pressureless, and another that comes from a thermodynamic theory and relates the pressure with the coupling between the scalar field and the curvature scalar. Although the model has a strong dependence on the initial conditions, it is shown that the mixture consisted of dark components plus baryonic matter and radiation can reproduce the expected red-shift behavior of the deceleration parameter, density parameters and luminosity distance.     

CFD-based predictive control of melt temperature in plastic injection molding

A unique method of coupling computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to model predictive control (MPC) for controlling melt temperature in plastic injection molding is presented. The methodology is based on using CFD to generate, via open-loop testing, a temperature and input dependent system model for multi-variable control of a three-heater barrel on an injection molding machine. Results clearly show the benefit of temperature and input dependent system models for MPC control, and that CFD can be used to dramatically reduce the time associated with open-loop testing through physical experiments.     

Flows near stagnation points in non-orthogonally colliding disperse viscous flows

Within the framework of a two-fluid dusty-gas model, a family of steady self-similar flows near a stagnation point formed by two different non-orthogonally colliding viscous incompressible streams, one of which contains solid inertial particles, is studied. The limiting case of non-orthogonal impingement of a viscous disperse medium on a rigid wall is considered separately. The possibility of the formation of multiple particle accumulation zones on the envelopes of particle trajectories and on the contact (in the limiting case, rigid) surface is demonstrated. The local structure of the particle velocity and concentration fields is studied. The threshold values of the governing parameters corresponding to qualitative flow pattern reconstruction are found.     

Effect of a periodic action on average flow in an inhomogeneous liquid-saturated porous medium

The problem of the average flow of a viscous incompressible fluid saturating a stationary porous incompressible matrix under a periodic action is considered. It is shown that a spatial inhomogeneity of the medium porosity leads to an average fluid flow, quadratically dependent on the action amplitude, in the direction of increase in porosity. In particular, this means that wave action on an oil reservoir could lead to fluid flow on the interfaces from low-porosity,weakly permeable collector regions into high-porosity regions, for example, to flow from blocks to fractures in fractured porous reservoirs, which makes it possible to enhance oil production. It is shown that in the presence of a constant pressure gradient the flow component generated by a periodic action can provide a substantial proportion of the total flow, especially on the boundaries with low-porosity strata or blocks. With increase in amplitude this may significantly exceed the component associated with the constant pressure gradient.     

Perturbation theory of polar hard Gaussian overlap fluid mixtures

A perturbation theory of polar hard Gaussian overlap fluid mixture is discussed. Explicit analytic expressions for the second and third varial coefficients are given. Numerical results are estimated for the thermodynamic properties of quadrupolar hard Gaussian overlap fluid and fluid mixture. It is found that the excess free energy and internal energy depend on concentrationsc ₁,c ₂, molecular diameter ratioR, shape parameterK and the quadrupole momentsQ*₁,Q*₂.     

Spatial Dark Solitons in an Atom Laser Beam

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｔｗｏＢｏｓｅＥｉｎｓｔｅｉｎｃｏｎｄｅｎｓａｔｅｓ［１］ｈａｖｅｇｒｅａｔｌｙｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｅｄａｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔｉｎｔｈｅｒｅａｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｆａｎａｔｏｍｌａｓｅｒ［...     

Oldroyd B流体依时性管内流动的变分解析方法

在本文中，研究上随体Ｏｌｄｒｏｙｄ Ｂ流体在水平管内依时性流动，该问题可归结为无量纲速度分量三阶偏微分方程的初边值问题，采用改进的Ｋａｎｔｏｒｏｖｉｃｈ方法，将该方程化为各级近似的二阶常微分方程组的初值问题，通过Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换，求得其二阶常微分方程的解析解。在本文中，提出了变分解析的新概念，获得了二级近似变分解析解，其中包括常压力力梯度和周期性压力梯度两种情形，应用计算机符呈处理和Ｌａｐｌａｃ     

A global approach to error estimation and physical diagnostics in multidimensional computational fluid dynamics

An approach for simultaneously assessing numerical accuracy and extracting physical information from multidimensional calculations of complex (engineering) flows is proposed and demonstrated. The method is based on global balance equations, i.e. volume-integrated partial differential equations for primary or derived physical quantities of interest. Balances can be applied to the full computational domain or to any subdomain down to the single-cell level. Applications to in-cylinder flows in reciprocating engines are used for illustration. It is demonstrated that comparison of the relative magnitude of the terms in the balances provides insight into the physics of the flow being computed. Moreover, for quantities that are not conserved at the cell or control volume level in the construction of the numerical scheme, the imbalance allows a direct assessment of numerical accuracy in a single run using a single mesh. The mean kinetic energy imbalance is shown to be a particularly sensitive indicator of numerical accuracy. This simple and powerful diagnostic approach can be implemented for finite-difference, finite-volume or finite-element methods.     

Effects of Hall current on f lows of a Burgers’ fluid through a porous medium

This paper generalizes the analysis of four magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow problems of an Oldroyd-B fluid discussed by Asghar et al. [Int. J. Non-linear Mech. 40, 589–601 (2005)] into three directions: (i) to discuss the problems in a porous medium using modified Darcy’s law (ii) to see the influence of Hall current (iii) to determine the effect of rheological parameter of Burgers’ fluid. Analytical solutions of velocity distribution valid at large and small times are given in each problem. Comparison has been provided for Oldroyd-B and Burgers’ fluids through graphs. The physical interpretation is also included.