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简单回顾了被动行走的发展,建立了无量纲形式的平面直腿圆弧足被动行走动力学 模型,详细介绍了被动行走模型仿真的步骤. 并且采用胞胞映射计算得到该圆弧足模型的吸 引盆,发现该模型的吸引盆大于以前研究者研究的点状足模型的吸引盆. 这表明在初始状态 变量偏离不动点很大时,模型仿真仍可收敛到稳定的步态,即该模型具有较高的鲁棒性.     

Probability Distribution Function of Passive Scalars in Shell Models

A shell-model version of passive scalar problem is introduced, which is inspired by the model of K. Ohkitani and M. Yakhot [K. Ohkitani and M. Yakhot, Phys. Rev. Lett. 60 (1988) 983; K. Ohkitani and M. Yakhot, Prog. Theor. Phys. 81 (1988) 329]. As in the original problem, the prescribed random velocity field is Gaussian and δ correlated in time. Deterministic differential equations are regarded as nonlinear Langevin equation. Then, the Fokker-Planck equations of PDF for passive scalars are obtained and solved numerically. In energy input range (n<5, n is the shell number.), the probability distribution function (PDF) of passive scalars is near the Gaussian distribution. In inertial range (5≤n≤16) and dissipation range (n≥17), the probability distribution function (PDF) of passive scalars has obvious intermittence. And the scaling power of passive scalar is anomalous. The results of numerical simulations are compared with experimental measurements.     

Spectroscopic, Phototropic, and Lasing Properties of Cd1−x Mn x Te Single Crystals Doped With Chromium Ions

The spectroscopic properties of Cr²⁺ ions in Cr:Cd_1–x Mn _x Te (CMT) crystals are studied, and the possibility of using these impurity crystals as active media and saturable absorbers of solidstate lasers of medium IR range is demonstrated. The bands of absorption with a maximum at 1.9 m and of luminescence with a maximum at 2.6 m correspond to the transitions between the levels ⁵ T ₂ and ⁵ E of the tetracoordinated Cr²⁺ ions with more than 1·10^–18cm² cross sections. The pulsed and continuous lasing modes of a Cr:CMT laser are realized in the 2.6m region. The Cr:CMT crystals are characterized by effective saturation of impurity absorption. The cross sections of absorption from the ground and excited states of the Cr²⁺ ions at = 2.09 m are determined: _gsa = 1.1·10^–18 cm²; _esa/_gsa < 0.1. With the use of the Cr:CMT crystals as a passive gate the regime of Qswitching of the Cr,Tm,Ho:YAG laser emitting at = 2.09 m is obtained.     

Nd:Sr5(VO5)3F Q-Switched Lasers with Cr4+:YAG

The Cr4+-doped saturable absorber Cr4+:YAG is used as the passive Q-switch for a conventional pulsed Nd:Sr5(VO5)3F(Nd:S-VAP) oscillator, and the short high-peak-power pulses of laser have been obtained. The laser output characteristics are investigated under the conditions of different small-signal transmittance of Cr4+:YAG and different reflectivity of the output coupler. The rate equtions of Q-switched coupling wave are given, and the numerical solutions of equations are in agreement with the experimental results.     

The Lyapunov spectrum of a continuous product of random matrices

We present a functional integration method for the averaging of continuous productsP _t ofN×N random matrices. As an application, we compute exactly the statistics of the Lyapunov spectrum ofP _t . This problem is relevant to the study of the statistical properties of various disordered physical systems, and specifically to the computation of the multipoint correlators of a passive scalar advected by a random velocity field. Apart from these applications, our method provides a general setting for computing statistical properties of linear evolutionary systems subjected to a white-noise force field.     

布鲁姆林线驱动被动紫外预电离KrF激光器

研制了一台水介质布鲁姆林线驱动被动紫外预电离放电泵浦ＫｒＦ准分子激光器，研究了其振荡和放大输出特性。在充电电压２５ｋＶ，工作气压０．２ＭＰａ，以振荡器工作方式输出激光能量近２００ｍＪ。以放大器方式工作时，注入激光脉宽２５ｎｓ，能量７０ｍＪ，放大输出达３３０ｍＪ。     

Cr~(4+): YAG被动调Q与激发态吸收饱和

运用速率方程计算了Ｃｒ４＋ＹＡＧ晶体的基态吸收、激发态吸收与入射脉冲的能量密度和强度的关系。在测量晶体透过率的实验中，发现Ｃｒ４＋ＹＡＧ晶体的激发态吸收趋于饱和。理论计算与实验数据拟合给出了包括基态吸收截面，激发态吸收截面和寿命等参数。在用Ｃｒ４＋ＹＡＧ对脉冲式ＮｄＹＡＧ激光器被动调Ｑ的实验中，得到脉宽５ｎｓ、能量９０ｍＪ的激光脉冲，并且发现这种调Ｑ与Ｃｒ４＋ＹＡＧ的激发态吸收饱和直接相关。     

声音目标被动定位算法的野值分析

阐述了基于四元平面十字阵的声音目标被动定位的原理.利用目标与基阵平台分布在不同平面的特点,采用简单的平面阵实现目标的三维定位,简化了布阵的复杂性.针对基于四元平面十字阵的声音目标被动定位算法,分析了野值产生的原因,并研究了水平方位角、垂直俯仰角、时延估计误差度、目标距离、基阵尺寸等因素对野值产生的影响.     

熔锥型光纤反射器特性研究

分析并验证了光纤反射器的透过率在［0，1］范围内与耦合器耦合比偏离50∶50的程度呈二次曲线关系.环形腔中光纤的弯曲对透过率的影响不大，然而径向挤压和扭转通过双折射对透过率的影响比较明显，环境温度则通过耦合比来影响透过率.宽带3dB耦合器构成的反射器，对宽带光波几乎具备“全反射”功能.透过光形成的初期会出现一个脉冲，脉冲的上升沿时间和下降沿时间随入射光强的增加而缩短，脉宽与稳态输出光强则随入射光强的增加而增大.     

被动调Q自拉曼Nd∶GdVO4激光器

对激光二极管(LD)抽运的自拉曼Nd∶GdVO4被动调Q激光器进行了详细的理论和实验研究。实验中采用Nd∶GdVO4晶体同时作为激光介质和拉曼晶体,分别用了两块不同初始透射率的Cr4 ∶YAG晶体,得到并比较了采用不同初始透射率的Cr4 ∶YAG晶体时被动调Q自拉曼激光器的性能。测量了平均输出功率、脉冲宽度和脉冲重复率随抽运功率的变化关系。当Cr4 ∶YAG的初始透射率为0.91,输入功率是5.7 W时,得到的拉曼光的最高功率为244.6 mW,相应的转换效率为4.3%。通过数值求解基频光和拉曼光空间分布的速率方程并应用到被动调Q自拉曼Nd∶GdVO4激光器。获得的理论结果与实验结果大致相符。