Numerical Simulation of Mixing Characteristics in a Vane Extruder

The polymer vane extruder, whose plasticating and conveying theory is based on elongational rheology, is a significant development in plastic processing equipment. As a result of its unique structure, it is desirable to use numerical simulation to study it. The results can be useful to set process parameters and optimize its structure. In this paper, numerical simulation of the mixing characteristics of the vane extruder was performed with the finite element computational fluid dynamics program POLYFLOW. To visualize the mixing process of the melts in a vane extruder based on the calculation of the transient flow, a particle tracking method was applied. By using the statistical post-processor program POLYSTAT, dispersive mixing and distributive mixing characteristics were evaluated in terms of shear rate, stretching rate, mixing index, and time average mixing efficiency. The simulation results showed that strong stretching existed in the vane extruder demonstrating that the vane extruder generated a more appropriate flow than a common twin-screw extruder to break material particles into smaller ones. The probability functions of mixing efficiency showed that the position near the outflow had the highest mixing efficiency. Furthermore, the time average mixing efficiency of most particles in the vane extruder were larger than that in a twin-screw extruder, indicating that in the vane extruder more mechanical energy was used to generate stretching.     

On aggregate structures in a rod-like haematite particle suspension by means of Brownian dynamics simulations

We have investigated aggregation phenomena in a suspension composed of rod-like haematite particles by means of Brownian dynamics simulations. The magnetic moment of the haematite particles lies normal to the particle axis direction and therefore the present Brownian dynamics method takes into account the spin rotational Brownian motion about the particle axis. We have investigated the influence of the magnetic particle–field and particle–particle interactions, the shear rate and the volumetric fraction of particles on the particle aggregation phenomena. Snapshots of aggregate structures are used for a qualitative discussion and the cluster size distribution, radial distribution function and the orientational correlation functions of the direction of particle axis and magnetic moment are the focus for a quantitative discussion. The significant formation of raft-like clusters is found to occur at a magnetic particle–particle interaction strength much larger than that required for a magnetic spherical particle suspension. This is because the rotational Brownian motion has a significant influence on the formation of clusters in a suspension of rod-like particles with a large aspect ratio. An applied magnetic field enhances the formation of raft-like clusters. A shear flow does not have a significant influence on the internal structure of the clusters, but influences the cluster size distribution of the raft-like clusters.     

Rotating Charged Hairy Black Hole in(2+1) Dimensions and Particle Acceleration

In this paper, we construct rotating charged hairy black hole in(2+1) dimensions for infinitesimal black hole charge and rotation parameters. Then we consider this black hole as particle accelerator and calculate the centerof-mass energy of two colliding test particles near the rotating charged hairy black hole in(2+1) dimensions. As we expected, the center-of-mass energy has infinite value.     

探索物质微观结构的历史回顾——纪念夸克提出50周年

1964年盖尔曼和兹威格分别提出"基本粒子"由夸克或艾斯组成。至今,这一领域仍是粒子物理研究的前沿领域。经过50年的发展,夸克(艾斯)理论取得诸多辉煌成就。文章简要地回顾了夸克的提出过程及随后实验和理论方面的进展。     

双外场对费米气体Joule-Thomson效应的调控简

研究匀强电场和谐振场构成的双外场对带电费米粒子系统化学势和Joule-Thomson系数的调控作用.在满足Thomas-Fermi近似的条件下,给出有限温度范围内匀强电场和谐振场中带电费米粒子系统的化学势和内能随温度变化的显式函数关系,分析双外场对带电费米粒子系统焦耳-汤姆逊系数的调控作用.研究结果表明,随着温度的升高,带电费米粒子系统的焦汤系数值逐渐由负变正,且临界温度Tc随外电场增强而降低.在适当温度下,外势场的存在会使带电费米粒子系统产生焦耳-汤姆逊正效应.     

基于改进量子粒子群的分布式并行计算框架设计

为了实现用户任务在大规模计算机集群上进行高效地处理,并克服现有并行计算框架通用性不强的缺点,提出了一种基于改进量子群算法和Map-Reduce模型的通用并行计算框架;首先,对经典的Map-Reduce分布式并行计算框架以及并行计算流程进行了具体描述;然后,基于改进的量子粒子群算法设计了改进的Map-Reduce模型,在Map阶段通过多种群并行搜索并计算所有粒子适应度,在Shuffle和Sort 阶段实现粒子的排序和种群的重新划分,然后在Reduce阶段更新控制系数和粒子位置,当最优解不变时,通过混沌扰动对其进行扰动;仿真实验表明同,文中设计的基于改进量子粒子群算法和Map-Reduce模型能高效地执行任务,较传统的Map-Reduce模型具有较少的执行时间,具有很强的可行性,是一种有效的通用并行计算模型。     

发酵过程混合建模与优化控制新方法

针对当前微生物发酵过程存在因为生物传感器不具备足够的准确性和灵敏性,实验时的菌液和产物浓度等生化指标难以实时监测和控制等缺点,提出了采用量子粒子群优化算法(QPSO)优化最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)参数的QPSO-LSSVM混合建模新方法,并用于多粘菌素的发酵过程建模;同时,基于此模型,采用QPSO算法对pH值与溶解氧浓度Do控制轨线进行优化研究。首先,利用LSSVM进行发酵过程的建模,然后采用QPSO对LSSVM建模过程中的重要参数进行优化调整,形成QPSO-LSSVM混合建模与优化控制方法。仿真结果表明,该方法得到的模型能取得更好的预测效果,优化后的pH值与Do浓度控制轨线能够提高最终的产物浓度。该方法用于发酵过程的建模和重要参数的优化控制是可行的、有效的。     

粒子群-模拟退火混合算法在群控电梯中的应用

针对高层建筑电梯多、分布散、维修不及时等问题,提出了一个优化调度、报警维修及时的群控电梯系统;采用多目标优化方法建立数学模型,利用粒子群算法的概念简单、收敛速度快、易于实现的优点,同时引入模拟退火思想来克服粒子群算法易陷入局部最优的缺陷,对目标函数进行优化,PLC编程计算出参数,上位机调度计算,根据算法结果,优化电梯,合理调度;经过MATLAB仿真分析表明,该系统节省了平均候梯时间、平均乘梯时间和系统能耗,缩短了故障时间和维修时间,具有较大的应用前景。     

湿颗粒堆力学特性的离散元法模拟研究

利用基于线性黏聚接触模型的离散元法对不同颗粒系统的堆积过程进行了数值模拟研究,分析了颗粒形状和湿颗粒间液桥力对颗粒堆积形态的影响机理,获得了球形和块状湿颗粒堆基底表面所受的法向力以及堆中颗粒间的法向力和切向力"中心凹陷"式的分布规律,讨论了颗粒形状和黏聚能量密度对基底表面作用力和颗粒间作用力的影响.研究结果表明,颗粒形状和液桥力对颗粒堆的堆积形态具有显著的影响.堆积角随着黏聚能量密度的增加而增大,并且相同条件下的块状颗粒堆积角大于球形颗粒.颗粒形状和黏聚能量密度对基底表面所受作用力和堆中颗粒间的作用力变化及最大幅值均有影响作用.当黏聚能量密度值逐渐增大时,颗粒堆的作用力最大幅值均逐渐增大,并且块状颗粒堆的作用力最大幅值大于球形颗粒堆.当黏聚能量密度值过大时,颗粒堆力学特性更加复杂,液桥力对颗粒堆积特性的影响作用大于颗粒形状的影响.