Multidimensional Polyhedral Gamut Representation of Reflective Objects and Calculation of Metamer Ensembles

The spectral reflectance of most reflective objects, such as natural objects and color hardcopy, is relatively smooth and can be approximated by several principal components with high accuracy. Although the subspace spanned by those principal components represents a space in which reflective objects exist, it does not provide the limit of the object distribution or the gamut. In this paper we propose to represent the gamut of reflective objects as a convex polyhedron in the subspace spanned by several principal components. The concept of the polyhedral gamut representation based on the spectral reflectance database and its application to the calculation of metamer ensembles are described. The color-mismatch volume caused by different illuminant and/or observer for a metamer ensemble is also calculated and compared with the theoretical ones.     

Nuclear isospin mixing and elastic parity-violating electron scattering

The influence of nuclear isospin mixing on parity-violating elastic electron scattering is studied for the even–even, N=Z nuclei ¹²C, ²⁴Mg, ²⁸Si, and ³²S. Their ground-state wave functions have been obtained using a self-consistent axially-symmetric mean-field approximation with density-dependent effective two-body Skyrme interactions. Some differences from previous shell-model calculations appear for the isovector Coulomb form factors which play a role in determining the parity-violating asymmetry. To gain an understanding of how these differences arise, the results have been expanded in a spherical harmonic oscillator basis. Results are obtained not only within the plane-wave Born approximation, but also using the distorted-wave Born approximation for comparison with potential future experimental studies of parity-violating electron scattering. To this end, for each nucleus the focus is placed on kinematic ranges where the signal (isospin-mixing effects on the parity-violating asymmetry) and the experimental figure-of-merit are maximized. Strangeness contributions to the asymmetry are also briefly discussed, since they and the isospin mixing contributions may play comparable roles for the nuclei being studied at the low momentum transfers of interest in the present work.     

弹流油膜彩色光干涉系统的特性研究

彩色光干涉技术是润滑油膜厚度测量的最有效的方法之一,但对其测量光学理论的研究并不十分透彻。以球-盘弹性流体动压润滑油膜测量装置为对象,建立了彩色光干涉的色度学计算模型,对该系统的干涉条纹和色彩进行了数值模拟与分析。分析结果与实验数据的一致性表明了所建立的模型和分析方法的正确。分析表明:铬膜厚度对图像的色彩和对比度有明显的影响,当其厚度为5～10nm时,能够获得对比度和色彩理想的图像;垫层厚度影响各颜色分量强度分布的初相变;LED光源可产生对比度较好的干涉条纹。     

Color Constancy in a Photograph Perceived as a Three-Dimensional Space

It is known that color constancy does not hold in a photograph. This could be because the photograph is recognized as a two-dimensional paper. Based on the concept of the recognized visual space of illumination (RVSI), it is predicted that color constancy holds in the photograph if it is perceived as a 3-D scene. We examined whether the color constancy held under a special viewing condition. A photograph of a room under incandescent illumination was shown under daylight illumination. We tested the neutral color perception of a stimulus on the photograph both with and without a dimension-up viewing box showing the photograph alone monocularly. The results showed good color constancy when a subject observed the photograph with the viewing box. It was also shown that the degree of color constancy decreased for a jumbled photograph without 3-D information. Our results suggest that the recognition of a space and illumination are important in color perception.     

Novel calibration and color adaptation schemes in three-fringe RGB photoelasticity

Isochromatic demodulation in digital photoelasticity using RGB calibration is a two step process. The first step involves the construction of a look-up table (LUT) from a calibration experiment. In the second step, isochromatic data is demodulated by matching the colors of an analysis image with the colors existing in the LUT. As actual test and calibration experiment tint conditions vary due to different sources, color adaptation techniques for modifying an existing primary LUT are employed. However, the primary LUT is still generated from bending experiments. In this paper, RGB demodulation based on a theoretically constructed LUT has been attempted to exploit the advantages of color adaptation schemes. Thereby, the experimental mode of LUT generation and some uncertainties therein can be minimized. Additionally, a new color adaptation algorithm is proposed using quadratic Lagrangian interpolation polynomials, which is numerically better than the two-point linear interpolations available in the literature. The new calibration and color adaptation schemes are validated and applied to demodulate fringe orders in live models and stress frozen slices.     

Karhunen-Loeve及多尺度金字塔联合变换的彩色逆半调算法

红绿蓝(RGB)颜色空间中的各颜色分量具有高度相关性,直接分通道实施的彩色逆半调方法会残留大量人眼敏感的半调纹理,且逆半调图像色偏较大。从分析矢量误差分散半调系统模型入手,推导其加噪特性,针对性地提出了一种Karhunen-Loeve(K-L)及多尺度金字塔联合变换的彩色逆半调算法。算法以K-L变换减弱彩色分量相关性,再利用多尺度中值金字塔算子以及维纳(Wiener)滤波分离并抑制高频细节子图中的半调噪声,最后进行中值金字塔、K-L逆变换重构结果图像。实验表明,该算法能有效去除半调噪声、减小重建图像的颜色偏差,与直接分通道逆半调算法相比峰值信噪比值提高约2~3 dB,且重建图像视觉效果良好。     

彩色全息术的进展及未来发展

对不同时期和采用各种技术制作的彩色全息图以及所使用的记录材料进行了较全面的介绍。这些技术包括光全息术、计算全息术和数字全息术。并对彩色全息术的未来发展进行了展望。     

中国激光显示产业平台综述

文章介绍和分析了全球显示市场的趋势以及产业分布现状,在此基础上,着重描述了中国激光显示产业平台形成的条件和过程,最终揭示掌握自主创新的核心技术对中国信息产业在全球竞争中的重要作用.     

采用飞秒激光诱导制备彩色金属

采用脉宽为35～65 fs,中心波长为800 nm的飞秒脉冲激光对经抛光的镍片进行表面扫描处理,并在金属表面上制备了彩色镍图案;设置不同的激光扫描速度和能量密度扫描处理不锈钢表面,亦制备了彩色图案。介绍了实验过程,分析了实验结果,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)形貌分析显示,经过飞秒激光扫描处理的金属表面出现了纳米量级的激光诱导周期表面结构(NC-LIPSS),在镍上形成的结构周期约为480～510 nm,在不锈钢上形成的结构周期约为480～540 nm。     

基于Munsell新标系统的色差公式的均匀性研究

利用Munsell体系中色卡分布的视觉均匀性,对CIELAB及基于CIELAB的典型色差公式CMC、CIE94和CIEDE2000的原始形式(k1=kc=kH=1)在色差计算上的均匀性进行了测试和评价.采用Munsell颜色立体中不同位置和方向上的等距数据作为测试的输入数据对,借助性能因子(Performance Fa...