显示技术发展水平及趋势

叙述了目前显示技术的核心——显示器件的发展现状和分类,对各种显示器件的市场情况进行了分析和预测,并对部分有影响的显示器件性能进行了比较,提出平板显示是今后显示技术发展的重点。     

An investigation of coupled-cavity diode lasers

In this paper, the rate equations of coupled-cavity diode lasers are studied and their improvements in the case of strong coupling are presented, and therefore, the mechanism of single-mode oscillation of the devices is discussed.     

第一讲机器视觉发展概述

近年来，机器视觉已经发展成为光电子的一个应用分支，广泛应用于微电子、PCB生产、自动驾驶、印刷、科学研究和军事等领域。机器视觉在中国的蓬勃发展，使从事机器视觉的公司和人员大量涌现，《机器视觉技术发展概述》是《机器视觉及其应用》系列讲座的综述部分，重点讨论下列内容：机器视觉的定义、发展历程与趋势、应用领域及所涉及的技术。     

Role of doping and sheet size in tailoring optoelectronic properties of germanene: A TDDFT study

Germanene is a novel 2D material with promising optoelectronic properties, tuning of which is to be explored. This work demonstrates that doping and increasing the sheet size can alter optical and electronic properties of germanene via perturbation of the band structure. This feature has also been observed in other nanostructures, notably, silicon nanostructures, and may be attributed to quantum confinement effects. Our main findings on H‐terminated germanene are, (i) band gap can be reduced by 30%, (ii) exciton binding energy can be reduced by 60%, and (iii) absorption spectra can be tuned from UV to visible range. We employ time‐dependent density functional theory to investigate the role of dopants, boron (B), phosphorus (P), carbon (C), silicon (Si), and zirconium (Zr). Width of the germanene sheet is varied from 0.78 nm to 2.78 nm. Frequency and energy calculations are carried out to analyze the infrared (IR) and ultra‐violet (UV)‐visible (VIS) spectra.     

空间环境高精度光电轴角测量研究

在复杂恶劣的气候条件下进行高精度的轴角测量已经成为发展空间应用技术的主要瓶颈,其中空间温度交变和振动环境,严重制约着空间用轴角测量装置的精度和使用寿命。分析了空间应用环境造成光电轴角测量装置输出误码和器件老化机理,提出一种在空间复杂环境进行高精度轴角测量的系统解决方案。给出了系统硬件设计方法,并采用了一种码盘信号自适应处理技术,弥补了传统的光电轴角测量方法的缺陷,在保证轴角测量高精度的前提下,提高了空间测角平台的可靠性和使用寿命。实验结果表明：测角分辨率为0.618″;测角误差峰-峰值为6.2″。     

Highly Efficient Near‐Infrared Organic Light‐Emitting Diode Based on a Butterfly‐Shaped Donor–Acceptor Chromophore with Strong Solid‐State Fluorescence and a Large Proportion of Radiative Excitons

The development of near‐infrared (NIR) organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) is of growing interest. Donor–acceptor (D–A) chromophores have served as an important class of NIR materials for NIR OLED applications. However, the external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of NIR OLEDs based on conventional D–A chromophores are typically below 1 %. Reported herein is a butterfly‐shaped D–A compound, PTZ‐BZP. A PTZ‐BZP film displayed strong NIR fluorescence with an emission peak at 700 nm, and the corresponding quantum efficiency reached 16 %. Remarkably, the EQE of the NIR OLED based on PTZ‐BZP was 1.54 %, and a low efficiency roll‐off was observed, as well as a high radiative exciton ratio of 48 %, which breaks through the limit of 25 % in conventional fluorescent OLEDs. Experimental and theoretical investigations were carried out to understand the excited‐state properties of PTZ‐BZP.     

Synthesis and Opto‐electronic Properties of a Red‐Emitting Heteroleptic Platinum Complex Using Pyrazol‐based Diketone Derivative as Ancillary Ligand

A red‐emitting heteroleptic cyclometalated platinum(II) complex containing an ancillary ligand of pyrazol‐based diketone derivative was synthesized. Its optophysical and electroluminescent properties were studied. Compared to the reported (piq)Pt(acac) complex, this platinum(II) complex exhibited a blue‐shifted UV absorption band at 300–450 nm, a low LUMO energy level and improved electroluminescent property. Using this platinum(II) complex as a single doping emitter and a blend of ploy(9,9‐dioctylfluorene) and 2‐tert‐butylphenyl‐5‐phenyl‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole as a host matrix, the fabricated polymer light‐emitting devices displayed saturated red emission with a peak at 648 nm and a shoulder at 601 nm. Furthermore, the emission quenching of the platinum(II) complex was significantly suppressed in these devices at high current density due to an introduction of the non‐planar pyrazol group into the ancillary ligand.     

磷光软盐配合物及其光电应用研究

磷光软盐配合物是一种通过静电力和范德华力结合的带有相反电荷金属配合物的光电材料,它们的发射光谱通常由两个独立部分组成.与单组分磷光金属配合物相比,磷光软盐配合物含有更丰富的激发态,不同组分之间还存在能量传递过程.最近几年,磷光软盐配合物作为一类新兴的光电材料,在不同的光电领域表现出潜在的应用前景,并取得了一定的进展.本综述详细介绍了磷光软盐的合成与光物理性质,并对它们在有机发光二极管、生物成像、光动力治疗、电致发光变色等领域的应用进行了总结.     

Theoretical Design of an MoxW1-xS2/Graphene (x=0.25/0.75) Heterojunction with Adjustable Band Gap: Potential Candidate Materials for the Next Generation of Optoelectronic Devices

Multicomponent two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) semiconductors based on adjustable band gap are increasingly used to design optoelectronic devices with specific spectral response. Here, we have designed the Mo_xW_1-xS₂/graphene heterostructure with adjustable band gap by adopting the combination idea of alloying and multiple heterogeneous recombination. The contact type, stability and photoelectric properties of Mo_xW_1-xS₂/graphene heterojunction were investigated theoretically. At the same time, by applying external vertical electric field to Mo_xW_1-xS₂/graphene, the regulate of heterojunction Schottky contact type was realized. The results show that Mo_xW_1-xS₂/graphene heterojunction has broad application prospects in the field of photocatalysis and Schottky devices, and is suitable for being a potential candidate material for next generation of optoelectronic devices. The design of Mo_xW_1-xS₂/graphene heterostructure enables it to obtain the advanced characteristics that are lacking in the one-component intrinsic 2D TMDCs semiconductors or graphene materials, and provides a theoretical basis for the experimental preparation of such heterojunctions.     

CsPbX3(X=Cl,Br,I)纳米晶的制备及其应用

全无机钙钛矿CsPbX₃(X = Cl, Br, I) 纳米晶作为一类新型的低成本直接带隙半导体材料,具有优异的光学性质,如吸收系数高、尺寸和发射波长易调节、半峰宽窄、荧光量子产率高等特性,在照明、能源、信息显示和探测等领域表现出巨大的应用潜力,成为材料领域的研究热点。本文从CsPbX₃纳米晶的结构组成入手,重点综述了其常见的制备方法如高温热注入法、室温再沉淀法、溶剂热法、液滴微流控法、阴离子交换法等,对常见的形貌尺寸控制策略如反应温度和表面配体进行归纳,以及改善CsPbX₃纳米晶稳定性的策略,总结了此类材料在白色发光二极管、电致发光二极管、激光器、光电探测器、太阳能电池等光电领域的应用情况,最后对CsPbX₃纳米晶领域存在的问题和面临的挑战进行了分析和评述。