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81.
Ramón Puyané Isabelle Guy Renaud Metz 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》1998,13(1-3):575-578
The ceramic microstructure, the chemical homogeneity of specific dopants and the mechanical integrity of a varistor disc are critical parameters in determining the transient voltage suppression features of these devices. The material properties and overall quality of the starting ceramic powders used to produce such components are essential in achieving the desired properties. The present work describes a novel chemical method developed to produce doped zinc oxide powders and an industrial scale manufacturing process for the production of final varistor blocks for surge arrester applications. The results are compared with those obtained when using standard varistor powder made by the mixed oxide route is used. All the fundamental electrical properties of the discs have been determined and correlated with the relevant manufacturing steps. 相似文献
82.
Cheikhousman R Zude M Bouveresse DJ Léger CL Rutledge DN Birlouez-Aragon I 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2005,382(6):1438-1443
The potential of fluorescence spectroscopy for characterizing the deterioration of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) during heating was investigated. Two commercial EVOO were analysed by HPLC to determine changes in EVOO vitamin E and polyphenols as a result of heating at 170°C for 3 h. This thermal oxidation of EVOO caused an exponential decrease in hydroxytyrosol and vitamin E (R2=0.90 and 0.93, respectively) whereas the tyrosol content was relatively stable. At the same time, amounts of preformed hydroperoxides (ROOH), analysed by an indirect colorimetric method, decreased exponentially during the heating process (R2=0.94), as a result of their degradation into secondary peroxidation products. Fluorescence excitation spectra with emission at 330 and 450 nm were recorded to monitor polyphenols and vitamin E evolution and ROOH degradation, respectively. Partial least-squares calibration models were built to predict these indicators of EVOO quality from oil fluorescence spectra. A global approach was then proposed to monitor the heat charge from the overall fluorescence fingerprint. Different data pretreatment methods were tested. This study indicates that fluorescence spectroscopy is a promising, rapid, and cost-effective approach for evaluating the quality of heat-treated EVOO, and is an alternative to time-consuming conventional analyses. In future work, calibration models will be developed using a wide range of EVOO samples. 相似文献
83.
Fernandes L. P. Éhen Zs. Moura T. F. Novák Cs. Sztatisz J. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2004,78(2):557-573
Thermoanalytical techniques, being rapid and un-expensive have been used for the investigation of the cyclodextrin inclusion
complexes for three decades. The conventional thermoanalytical techniques (TG and DTA/DSC) follow the thermal properties of
the uncomplexed compounds. Consequently, the inclusion complex formation as well as the liberation of the entrapped guest
cannot be followed. Monitoring the products of the thermal fragmentation of parent cyclodextrin and the included molecule(s),
applying TG-MS combined technique provides evidence concerning the inclusion complex formation, and besides, gives selective
signal to follow the decomposition of the cyclodextrin inclusion complexes. b-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes of Thymol and
Lippia sidoides Cham essential oil extract have been prepared and investigated using conventional and combined (TG-MS) thermoanalytical techniques.
The evolved gas analysis proved the inclusion complex formation between the host and guests. By the evaluation of the experimental
results the elaboration of the entrapped guests from the cyclodextrin cavity could be followed.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
84.
Sameena Ashraf Keith D. Bartle Anthony A. Clifford Robert Moulder 《Journal of separation science》1992,15(8):535-538
Lubricating oil additives have been analyzed by supercritical fluid chromatography on open tubular and packed capillary columns. Carbon dioxide and modified carbon dioxide were used as mobile phases and detection was accomplished by flame ionization and micro UV. Rapid and efficient analysis of the lubricating oil additives was demonstrated. 相似文献
85.
运用一种植物油的系统分析方法测定蓖麻油的精细组分,这包括皂化,BF3-MeOH甲基化,GC-CIMS法测定脂肪酸碳链长度和不饱和度,AMP衍生化,GC-EIMS测定不饱和脂肪酸的双链位置,分析了蓖麻油的十一种脂肪酸组分,有五个为未知组分,并测定了其中三个组分的双链位置。 相似文献
86.
Arsenic speciation is of increasing interest to the food industry, as concerns about high total arsenic concentrations in
food can often be alleviated to a great extent if the ratio of toxic, less toxic and non-toxic arsenic compounds in the sample
is known.
The lipid matrix of fish oil is a challenge in the determination of arsenic species, as current methods for this type of analysis
require the analyte to be water-soluble. In this study, two sample preparation techniques were applied. One the one hand water-soluble
species were extracted with methanol/water, on the other, acid digestion was applied to release lipid-soluble arsenic compounds
into the aqueous phase. Ion chromatography – inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (IC-ICP-MS) was used for separation
and sensitive element-specific detection of arsenic compounds. Additional experiments, including alkaline hydrolysis, were
carried out to find out more about the type of lipids arsenic is bound to in fish oil.
Up to eight different arsenic species were detected and quantified in fish oil with dimethylarsinate being the major compound
both in the aqueous extract and in the acid digest. No inorganic arsenic was detected in the aqueous extract, and the maximum
concentration of arsenate determined in the acid digest was 0.05 μg g−1.
The total arsenic concentration determined by ICP-MS ranged from <0.1 to 5 μg g−1. With regard to the mass balance, approximately 1% of the total arsenic content was extractable with methanol/water, whereas
the sum of arsenic species quantified after acid digestion yielded 85–100% of the total arsenic content. It was confirmed
that the large fraction of arsenic in fish oil not extractable on an aqueous basis consists of organoarsenic compounds.
This new approach in sample preparation makes the complete characterization of the arsenic content in the sample possible
with regard to the respective species, providing necessary information required for risk assessment. 相似文献
87.
L. W. Barrett G. S. Ferguson L. H. Sperling 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1993,31(5):1287-1299
Naturally functionalized triglyceride oils are renewable resources which contain reactive chemical groups, hydroxyl in the case of castor oil, and epoxide in the case of vernonia oil. In this article, the reaction of these groups, and the ester linkages between the glycerol and acid residue portions of the oil molecule with poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is investigated through a variety of means. Multiple reactions are possible in the triglyceride–PET system, some of which form a copolymer that increases miscibility, and if allowed to continue, forms a completely random copolymer mixture. Among the numerous reactions possible, PET–ester exchange with the hydroxyl or epoxide functionality of the triglyceride oils is found to be the most significant, and the effects of these and other reactions are observed and structural implications discussed. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
88.
混合溶剂火焰原子吸收法直接测定原油中的镍刘广东袁存光张丙华刘文钦(石油大学(华东),山东东营257062)彭力(中国石油天然气总公司环保处,北京100724)关键词原油,混合溶剂,无机盐标准,原子吸收法,镍测定原油中,微量元素镍、钒、铁、铜的存在对... 相似文献
89.
依据系统工程理论的原理和方法,研究了Sr、B、Zn、Mo、Cu五种微显元素对中甘11号结球甘蓝产量、品质的影响及各因子间的复合效应。试验结果表明,各因子对中甘11号产量的作用是:Sr>B>Zn>Cu>Mo。获得了中甘11号亩产在6000kg以上的优化组合方案是:Sr0.054%~0.061%,B0.035%~0.042%,Zn0.047%~0.057%,Mo0.032%~0.038%,Cu0.050%~0.056%,为微量元素在蔬菜上的应用提供了科学依据. 相似文献
90.
The introduction of quality standards for vegetable oil methyl esters is gaining in importance due to their increased use as diesel fuel substitutes and as technical products. Free and esterified sterols, the main constituents of the unsaponifiable matter in vegetable oils, are recovered in vegetable oil methyl esters and may influence the technical properties of vegetable oil methyl ester products. A rapid gas chromatographic method for the qualitative and quantitative determination of free and esterified sterols in vegetable oil methyl esters has therefore been developed. The concentration of the free sterols as well as their qualitative and quantitative composition and the concentration of the sterol esters have been determined in rape seed oil methyl ester samples by GC–FID. Prior to analysis, the free sterols were silylated with N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide with 1% of trimethylchlorosilane; betulinol was used as an internal standard. Calibration was performed by analysis of standard solutions containing β-sitosterol, cholesteryl stearate, and betulinol. The reproducibility of the quantitative results has been evaluated by repeated injections of the same test solution and by repeated complete analysis of the same sample. 相似文献