聚乙撑二氧噻吩导电聚合物上吗啡的电化学检测

在水相中电沉积制备得到了聚乙撑二氧噻吩（PEDOT）导电聚合物膜,研究了沉积电量、沉积电位等因素对聚合物膜的电化学活性及其在水溶液中检测吗啡的电化学响应的影-向．结果表明．沉积电量为20～40mC,沉积电位为1．2V（相对于Ag／AgCl电极）时所得的聚合物膜对吗啡具有最高的电化学响应．在此基础上,研究了PEDOT膜修饰电极在不同浓度的吗啡水溶液中的电化学检测,发现在0．05～6mmol·L^-1浓度范围内具有很好的线性响应．最低检测限为0．05mmol·L^-1,相关系数达0．995．     

空间轴对称变形界面裂纹尖端的应力奇异性分析

假定位移场,并将位移势函数展开成一系列的特征函数,代入空间轴对称变形的基本方程,推得界面裂纹的特征值理论。把这一理论应用到单向增强的连续纤维复合材料上,建立了纤维断裂、基体开裂等模型下应力奇异性的特征方程,分析了界面裂纹尖端的应力奇异性。     

Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Fokker-Planck equation for the extremely underdamped Brownian motion in a double-well potential

The eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Fokker-Planck equation describing the extremely underdamped Brownian motion in a symmetric double-well potential are investigated. By transforming the Fokker-Planck equation to energy and position coordinates and by performing a suitable averaging over the position coordinate, a differential equation depending only on energy is derived. For finite temperatures this equation is solved by numerical integration, whereas in the weak-noise limit an analytic result for the lowest nonzero eigenvalue is obtained. Furthermore, by using a boundary-layer theory near the critical trajectory, the correction term to the zero-friction-limit result is found.     

A virtual instrumentation based protocol for the automated implementation of the inner field compensation method

One influential parameter which mediates interactions between many types of molecules and biological membranes stems from the lumped contributions of the transmembrane potential, dipole potential and the difference in the surface potentials on both sides of a membrane. With relevance to cell physiology, such electrical features of a biomembrane are prone to undergoing changes as a result of interactions with the aqueous surrounding. Among the most useful tools devoted to exploring changes of electrical parameters of a lipid membrane induced by certain extracellular ions, lipid composition, and embedded membrane peptides and proteins, are spectroscopic imaging and the inner field compensation (IFC) method. In this work we layout the principles of a fully computerized version of the IFC method, which makes it more readily available to users. As a direct application, we deployed this improved version of the IFC method to time-resolve changes induced by alamethicin monomers upon membrane dipole potential, following their aggregation within an artificial lipid membrane. Intriguingly, even prior crossing the membrane core, the membrane-bound alamethicin monomers are shown to significantly increase the dipole potential of the monolayer they reside in. Such data further emphasize the yet less-explored interplay between membrane-based protein and peptides, and the membrane dipole potential.     

Study of photon-induced L3 vacancy alignment for elements La to U

Alignment of photon-induced L₃ vacancies is studied in rare earth and highZ elements at energies of experimental interest, near thresholds to 60 keV, under nonrelativistic dipole approximation. Numerical calculations of the matrix element are undertaken to produce theoretical data for comparison with the experimental findings. The A₂ values being s>0.1 at photoelectron energies <20 keV are certainly higher than 5–8% uncertainties quoted in experimental results. Present findings are from a very basic model, hydrogen-like and can further be treated as reference to observe the impact of screening, relativistic, multipole and retardation corrections to the model     

Ⅰ类超晶格势阱中能级分布及电子跃迁规律研究

在研究大量实验曲线的基础上,指出势阱所有能级均有一定的宽度,电子或空穴在各能级中出现的概率符合正态分布,从理论上分析了I类超晶格和双势垒单势阱的发光光谱与吸收光谱·解释了GaAs/Ga1-xAlxAs多量子阱和超晶格吸收光谱吸收边及量子阱变窄时各吸收峰的“蓝移现象”及GaAs/Ga1-xAlxAs双势垒单量子阱样品的电流—电压特性曲线及电导—电压特性曲线的特征和出现的“负阻效应”·     

α稳定噪声下一类周期势系统的振动共振

将多个低频微弱信号、高频信号和加性α稳定噪声共同激励的一类周期势系统作为研究模型,以平均信噪比增益(MSNRI)为性能指标,对α稳定噪声环境下周期势系统中的振动共振现象进行了研究,分别探究了α稳定噪声的特征参数α、对称参数β、加性噪声强度放大系数D、高频信号幅值B以及频率?对振动共振输出效应的影响.研究结果表明:1)在不同分布的α稳定噪声环境下,固定频率?(或幅值B),当幅值B(或频率?)逐渐增大时,MSNRI-B(或MSNRI-?)曲线出现多个峰值,即存在多个B区间(或?区间)可诱导振动共振,并且这些区间不会随噪声分布参数α或β的变化而变化;2)当加性噪声强度放大系数D发生变化时,幅值B和频率?的共振区间没有随着D的变化而变化,表明只有高频信号能量向待测低频信号转移,噪声能量并没有向待测低频信号转移.另外当幅值B、频率?固定时,随着D的逐渐增大,依然可以实现微弱信号的检测,表明振动共振可以克服工业现场噪声强度不可调控的缺点.本文研究结果提供了一种新的微弱信号检测方法,在信号处理领域有着潜在的应用价值.     

基于内核构建的Cu-Au-Pd团簇稳定结构优化

具有特殊催化、磁性和化学活性的三元合金团簇已成为基础科学研究的热点问题.确定其稳定结构是研究团簇性质的重要前提.针对大尺寸Cu-Au-Pd团簇结构优化,提出了内核构建的方法改进了自适应免疫优化算法的效率(称为AIOA-IC算法).采用基于紧束缚势二阶矩近似的多体Gupta势函数来描述三元合金团簇原子间相互作用.为测试算法效率优化了原子数为60的Ag-Pd-Pt团簇稳定结构.结果显示新得到的结构比文献报道的团簇结构势能量值更低,由此可知AIOA-IC算法具有更强的势能面搜索能力.运用该算法研究了38及55原子Cu-Au-Pd团簇的稳定结构.所研究的38原子Cu-Au-Pd团簇包含了五折叠、六折叠和截角八面体结构,并且原子成分比例影响了团簇的结构类型.而55原子Cu-Au-Pd团簇均为完整二十面体结构,序列参数显示Cu,Au和Pd原子分层现象明显.对于147原子Cu_(12)Au_(93)Pd_(42)团簇完整二十面体结构,中心原子为Au,内层和次外层分别被12个Cu原子和42个Pd原子占据,最外层则被92个Au原子占满.通过原子半径及表面能分析了Cu,Pd和Au原子分别倾向于分布在内层、次外层和最外层的规律.     

A combining rule calculation of the ground-state van der Waals potentials of the magnesium rare-gas complexes

The potential energy curves and spectroscopic constants of the ground-state of the Mg–Rg (Rg = He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) van der Waals complexes are generated by the Tang–Toennies potential model and a set of derived combining rules. The parameters of the model are calculated from the potentials of the homonuclear magnesium and rare-gas dimers. The predicted spectroscopic constants are comparable to other available theoretical and experimental results, except in the case of Mg–He, we note that there are large differences between various determinations. Moreover, in order to reveal relative differences between species more obviously we calculated the reduced potential of these five systems. The curves are clumped closely together, but at intermediate range the Mg–He reduced potential is clearly very different from the others.