Observation of room temperature negative differential resistance in solution synthesized ZnO nanorod

We report the observation of negative differential resistance (NDR) in solution synthesized ZnO nanorod. The ZnO nanorod was fabricated as a two terminal planar device using lithographically patterned Au electrodes. The measured current–voltage response of the device has shown a negative differential resistance behavior. The peak-to-valley current ratio of the NDR is found to be greater than 4. The mechanism of this observed NDR effect has been explained based on charge trapping and de-trapping at the nanoscale contacts. It is the first observation of negative differential resistance effect in solution synthesized ZnO nanorod.     

Effect of current density on the microstructure and corrosion behaviour of plasma electrolytic oxidation treated AM50 magnesium alloy

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of an AM50 magnesium alloy was accomplished in a silicate-based electrolyte using a DC power source. Coatings were produced at three current densities, i.e. 15 mA cm⁻², 75 mA cm⁻², and 150 mA cm⁻² and were characterised for thickness, roughness, microstructural morphology, phase composition, and corrosion resistance. Even though the 15 min treated coatings produced at higher current density levels were thicker, they showed poor corrosion resistance when compared to that of the coatings obtained at 15 mA cm⁻². Short-term treatments (2 min and 5 min) at 150 mA cm⁻² yielded coatings of thickness and corrosion resistance comparable to that of the low current density coatings. The superior corrosion resistance of the low thickness coatings is attributed to the better pore morphology and compactness of the layer.     

Explicit Exact Solutions for Some Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations with Nonlinear Terms of Any Order

In this paper, by introducing some appropriate transformation and with the help of symbolic computation, we study exact travelling wave solutions for the high-order modified Boussinesq equation, a single nonlinear reaction-diffusion equation and a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation with nonlinear terms of any order by use of the extended-tanh method. Thus, some new exact travelling-wave solutions, which contain kink-shaped solitons, bell-shaped solitons, periodic solutions, combined formal solitons, rational solutions and singular solitons for these equations, are obtained.     

Structure and optical damage resistance of near-stoichiometric Zn:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals

A series of near-stoichiometric Zn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals were grown by the high-temperature top-seed solution growth (HTTSSG) method from stoichiometric melts doped with 6 mol% K₂O. Infrared (IR) transmission spectra were measured and discussed in terms of the defect structure of the near-stoichiometric Zn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals. The results of the transmitted beam pattern distortion method show that the optical damage resistance of the near-stoichiometric Zn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals increases rapidly when the ZnO concentration exceeds a threshold value. The threshold value concentration of ZnO of the near-stoichiometric Zn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals is much lower than that of the congruent LiNbO₃ crystals. The dependence of the optical damage resistance on the defect structure of the near-stoichiometric Zn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals are discussed, and the holographic recording properties of the near-stoichiometric Zn:Fe:LiNbO₃ crystals are investigated.     

一种开放式磁共振成像主磁体的设计方法

本文提出了一种开放式磁共振成像(MRI)超导磁体的设计方法.在对磁体模型进行简化的基础上获得初始的电流分布,然后将线圈截面的优化问题转化成一个非线性最小二乘问题,通过求解最小二乘问题得到实际的线圈截面参数.文章最后给出了一个设计算例.     

Superposition rules, lie theorem, and partial differential equations

A rigorous geometric proof of the Lie theorem on nonlinear superposition rules for solutions of nonautonomous ordinary differential equations is given filling in all the gaps present in the existing literature. The proof is based on an alternative but equivalent definition of a superposition rule: it is considered as a foliation with some suitable properties. The problem of uniqueness of the superposition function is solved, the key point being the codimension of the foliation constructed from the given Lie algebra of vector fields. Finally, as a more convincing argument supporting the use of this alternative definition of superposition rule, it is shown that this definition allows an immediate generalization of the Lie theorem for the case of systems of partial differential equations.     

不同形式非线性薛定谔方程及其分步傅里叶法求解

讨论光通信中脉冲的准单色光光场的正负频表示,正负频形式的傅里叶变换,正负频形式的非线性薛定谔方程及它们之间的关系.尤其在脉冲频谱的求解问题中,如果采用负频形式的非线性薛定谔方程则必须选取负频形式的傅里叶变换;如果采用正频形式的非线性薛定谔方程则必须选取正频形式的傅里叶变换.采用分步傅里叶法对具体实例进行数值求解,验证了讨论结果.     

External noise and its interaction with spatial degrees of freedom in nonlinear dissipative systems

A brief introduction to the field is given together with an overview of the lectures given at the workshop on External Noise and its Interaction with Spatial Degrees of Freedom in Nonlinear Dissipative Systems organized by the Center for Nonlinear Studies at Los Alamos, March 28–31, 1988. It is hoped that the publication of papers presented at the workshop in a single issue of theJournal of Statistical Physics will help draw attention to the recent developments in this rapidly area of nonequilibrium phenomena.