Equilibrium State of Inhomogeneous Plasma

We consider the problem of a self-consistent determination of an essentially inhomogeneous equilibrium state of classical plasma. The solutions of the stationary Vlasov–Poisson equations are constructed in the form of a localized transition layer that separates the domains of homogeneous plasmas with different equilibrium parameters. The layer can also transform into a local perturbation inside a homogeneous plasma. In both cases, the solution contains neither mass currents nor electric currents, and all electrodynamic and hydrodynamic quantities and their derivatives are continuous. The parameters of the adjacent domains uniquely determine the transition layer structure.     

Qualitative Theory and Identification of Dynamic System with One Degree of Freedom

Dynamic systems described by nonlinear differential equations of the second order are studied. It is assumed that certain preliminary information on the dissipative or elastic characteristics of systems is known. A new approach is demonstrated to obtaining full information on unknown or partially known characteristics of a system from measurements of not only displacements but also velocities and accelerations __________ Published in Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 139–143, June 2005.     

Robust Adaptive Identification of Fuzzy Systems with Uncertain Data

This study presents a method of adaptive identification of parameters describing Sugeno fuzzy inference system in presence of bounded disturbances while maintaining the readability and interpretability of the fuzzy model during and after identification. This method do not require any a priori knowledge of a bound on the disturbance and noise and of a bound on the unknown parameters values. The method can be used for the robust and adaptive identification of slowly time varying nonlinear systems using fuzzy inference systems. The suggested method was used to build a fuzzy expert system that approximates the functional relationship between physical fitness and some of the measurable physiological parameters by their real measurements and opinion (human-experiences) of a medical expert.     

Scanning probe microscopy characterization of gold-chemisorbed poplar plastocyanin mutants

Two poplar plastocyanin mutants adsorbed onto gold electrodes have been characterized at single molecule level by scanning probe microscopy. Immobilization of the two redox metalloprotein mutants on Au(1 1 1) surface was achieved by either a disulphide bridge (PCSS) or a single thiol (PCSH), both the anchoring groups having been introduced by site-directed mutagenesis. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis gives evidence of a stable and robust binding of both mutants to gold. The lateral dimensions, as estimated by STM, and the height above the gold substrate, as evaluated by AFM, of the two mutants well agree with crystallographic sizes. A narrower height distribution is observed for PCSS compared to PCSH, corresponding to a more homogeneous orientation of the former mutant adsorbed onto gold. Major differences between the mutants are observed by electrochemical STM. In particular, the image contrast of adsorbed PCSS is affected by tuning the external electrochemical potential to the redox levels of the mutant, consistent with some involvement of copper active site in the tunneling process. On the contrary, no contrast variation is observed in electrochemical STM of adsorbed PCSH. Moreover, scanning tunneling spectroscopy experiments reveal asymmetric I–V characteristics for single PCSS proteins, reminiscent of a rectifying-like behaviour, whereas an almost symmetric I–V relation is observed for PCSH.     

热线法测定气体导热系数实验的探讨与改进

在准静态低气压下测量气体的热传导系数时，理论上在低压强范围内应得到Q^-1低-p^-1线性关系图象，但实验数据所绘出的图象出现明显的非线性．本文着重分析出现非线性的原因，并提出实验改进的方法。     

Algebraic and Differential Nonlinear Superposition Formulas

Knowledge of the Lax pair and the Darboux transformation for a completely integrable system provides an iterative approach for generating exact solutions. This approach involves solving for the eigenfunction of the Lax pair at each step. But this process can be considerably simplified using the Bäcklund transformation and Bianchi's permutability theorem. This allows constructing the so-called nonlinear superposition formula, which provides a new solution of the system in terms of three previous solutions. The advantage of this approach is that the differential order of the nonlinear superposition formulas is lower than that of the Lax pairs, and in some cases, these formulas reduce to algebraic equations. We consider the construction of new nonlinear superposition formulas in the form of both differential equations and algebraic equations.     

关于非线性多目标规划问题非劣解解法的探讨

非线性多目标规划是一类复杂的规划问题，由于其往往没有最优解，因此求其非劣解具有重要的意义。本首先探讨了无约束条件下非线性多目标规划的解法，然后提出了有约束条件下非线性多目标规划的一种解法。所述方法具有一定的普遍意义。     

Coherent quantum transport in normal-metal/d-wave superconductor/normal-metal double tunnel junctions

Taking into account the effects of quantum interference and interface scattering, combining the electron current with hole current contribution to tunnel current,we study the coherent quantum transport in normal-metal/d-wave superconductor/normal-metal (NM/d-wave SC/NM) double tunnel junctions by using extended Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk (BTK) approach. It is shown that all quasiparticle transport coefficients and conductance spectrum exhibit oscillating behavior with the energy, in which periodic vanishing of Andreev reflection (AR) above superconducting gap is found.In tunnel limit for the interface scattering strength taken very large, there are a series of bound states of quasiparticles formed in SC.     

带调和势的超临界非线性Schrdinger方程的最佳门槛

考虑带调和势的超临界非线性Schroedinger方程，解决了该方程整体解和爆破解存在所依赖的初始条件的最佳分界门槛．通过构造两类强制变分问题和建立局部不变半流，运用势井方法和凹方法，获得了该方程在两个不同的空间中的整体解和爆破解的最佳门槛条件．     

Low energy properties of identical and strongly correlated particles

Interesting qualitative consequences can arise from the quantum mechanical identity among strongly correlated particles that carry spin. This is demonstrated for properties connected with the low energy excitations in molecular and electronic systems. Spatial permutations among the identical particles are used as the key features. The particular behaviour of rotational tunneling molecules or molecular parts under the influence of dissipation are discussed together with the consequences arising for conversion transitions. The relationship between the thermal shifting of the tunneling line and the conversion rate at low and at elevated temperatures is explicated. The valuable information, that can be extracted from the conversion behaviour after isotopical substitution, is explained in detail. At low temperatures qualitative changes are predicted for the conversion rate by deuteration. Weakly hindered rotors show, also experimentally, drastic isotopic effects. The second part is devoted to finite systems of strongly interacting electrons that appear in semi-conductor nano-structures. The lowest excitation energies are strongly influenced by the interaction. They can be understood and determined starting from the limit of crystallized electrons by introducing localized many particle ‘pocket states’. The energy levels show multiplet structure, in agreement with numerical results. The total electron spin, associated with the low energy excitations, is crucially important for the nonlinear transport properties through quantum dots. It allows for instance to explain the appearance of negative differential conductances.