Improved dispersion tolerance of a Mach-Zehnder modulator by optimizing the modulator voltage and time delay

We present a method for improving the dispersion tolerance of a dual-arm Mach-Zehnder modulator by independently optimizing the applied voltage on each arm and the time delay between them. We found a significant improvement in the dispersion tolerance. Using the negative chirp effect and the time delay, it was possible to extend the transmission distance of 10 Gbit/s optical nonreturn-to-zero signals without any additional electrical or optical components.     

铌酸锂、钽酸锂晶体的结构特征

从铌酸锂和钽酸锂晶体的结晶学数据出发,分析其结构特征和组成化学键的结合情况.对于这两个晶体的结晶学格位占有情况和阳离子的位移进行了理论上的分析.作者首次明确地给出了铌酸锂和钽酸锂晶体中与晶体组成有关的阳离子位移趋势.     

Beiträge zum thermischen Verhalten von Oxoniobaten der Übergangsmetalle. IV. Zum Chemischen Transport von CoNb2O6 mit Cl2, NH4 und HgCl2. Experimente und Modellrechnungen

Contributions on the Thermal Behaviour of Oxoniobates of the Transition Metals. IV The Chemical Vapour Transport of CoNb₂O₆ with Cl₂, NH₄Cl, or HgCl₂. Experiments and Calculations Well shaped crystals of CoNb₂O₆ were obtained by CVT using Cl₂ (added as PtCl₂), NH₄Cl or HgCl₂ as transport agents (1020°C → 960°C). As a result of thermodynamic calculations the evaporation and deposition of CoNb₂O₆ in the presence of Cl₂ can be expressed by the heterogenous endothermic equilibrium (1). The endothermic reaction (2) is responsible for the CVT of CoNb₂O₆ if NH₄Cl is used as transport agent: The unfavourable site of the equilibrium (3) causes the small transport effect using HgCl₂ as transport agent. Assuming Δ_BH°₂₉₈(CoNb₂O_6,s) = ?524.7 kcal/mol a satisfying agreement between thermodynamical calculation and experimental results can be reached.     

Crystal structures and photocatalysis of the triclinic polymorphs of BiNbO4 and BiTaO4

The high-temperature polymorphs of two photocatalytic materials, BiNbO₄ and BiTaO₄ were synthesized by the ceramic method. The crystal structures of these materials were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. BiNbO₄ and BiTaO₄ crystallize into the triclinic system P1¯ (No. 2), with a=5.5376(4) Å, b=7.6184(3) Å, c=7.9324(36) Å, α=102.565(3)°, β=90.143(2)°, γ=92.788 (4)°, V=326.21 (5) Å³, Z=4 and a=5.931 (1) Å, b=7.672 (2) Å, c=7.786 (2) Å, α=102.94 (3)°, β=90.04 (3)° γ=93.53 (3)°, V=344.59 (1) Å³ and Z=4, respectively. The structures along the c-axis, consist of layers of [Bi₂O₂] units separated by puckered sheets of (Nb/Ta)O₆ octahedra. Photocatalytic studies on the degradation of dyes indicate selectivity of BiNbO₄ towards aromatics containing quinonic and azo functional groups.     

钛酸锶基陶瓷材料中微量物相鉴定

对具有优良介电性能的高频热补偿多层陶瓷电容器材料（Sr，Ca）TiO3系统进行了研究；X射线粉末衍射法研究表明当瓷料中钛酸锶烧块（简称ST）与钛酸钙烧块（简称CT）摩尔比为nST：nCT≈70：30时，主晶相为具有钙钛矿型结构的（Sr，Ca）TiO3固溶体；微量次晶相为具有钨青铜结构的新化合物铌酸钛钡Ba6Ti2Nb8O30，正交偏光显微分析及材料的介电性能分析进一步验证了这一微量次晶相的存在。     

(1-x)Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3陶瓷的制备

铌镍酸铅;钙钛矿相;驰豫铁电陶瓷;(1-x)Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3陶瓷的制备     

Tb3+，Sm3+掺杂的YNbO4多色荧光材料的制备及发光性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了YNbO4∶Tb^3+,Sm^3+系列荧光粉。光谱测试表明:体系中的NbO43-基团能够吸收紫外光并将能量传递给Tb^3+和Sm^3+,从而增强荧光粉的发光强度。在290 nm激发下,YNbO4∶Tb^3+,Sm^3+荧光粉的发射光谱中既出现了Tb^3+的绿光发射又出现了Sm^3+的橙光发射。通过改变Sm^3+的掺杂浓度,实现了荧光粉发射光的光色可调。     

The dispersion properties of surface acoustic wave devices on AlN/LiNbO3 film/substrate structure

Highly c-axis oriented aluminum nitride (AlN) films were deposited on z-cut LiNbO₃ substrates by reactive rf magnetron sputtering. The crystalline properties investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed that AlN film with (0 0 2) preferred orientation was improved by an increase of the deposition time within the experimental range. However, the surface morphology of AlN film measured by scanning probe microscopy (SPM) showed that the roughness was getting worse with increase of deposition time. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) properties, measured by a network analyzer in the structure consisting of highly c-axis AlN films on z-cut LiNbO₃ substrates, were investigated. The phase velocity (V_P) was significantly increased by the increase of h/λ, where h is the thickness of AlN film and λ is the wavelength. However, the insertion loss (IL) of SAW filters was also increased by the increase of h/λ. Experimental results on the temperature characteristics of SAW devices are also presented.     

Grating spacing dependence of nonvolatile holographic recording with arbitrary charge transport lengths

Grating spacing dependence of nonvolatile holographic recording in doubly doped lithium niobate crystals is theoretically investigated allowing arbitrary charge transport lengths. It is shown that the nonvolatile refractive index modulation initially increases with increasing grating spacing, then a saturation behavior arises because of the dominant bulk photovoltaic effect. Although different charge transport length results in different nonvolatile refractive index modulation, the grating spacing dependence of nonvolatile holographic recording obeys almost the same rules for arbitrary charge transport lengths. The experimental results obtained by recording nonvolatile holograms in LiNbO₃:Cu:Ce crystals with different grating spacing are consistent with the theoretical analyses.     

Mach-Zehnder结构波导调制器的模拟分析

 将三维级数展开法与光束传播法相结合，把标量光束传播法方程转化为一阶常微分方程组;在模拟中引入正切函数变换将无限平面映射为有限平面，避免了边界截断问题,与传统的BPM法相比，该方法具有计算方法简单和计算效率高的优点。运用该法分析了Mach-Zehnder结构的铌酸锂电光波导调制器，模拟了光场在器件中的分布情况，获得了这种调制器模场损耗曲线和最佳结构参数。