Four distributed feedback laser array integrated with multimode-interference and semiconductor optical amplifier

Monolithic integration of four 1.55-μm-range InGaAsP/InP distributed feedback (DFB) lasers using varied ridge width with a 4×1-multimode-interference (MMI) optical combiner and a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) is demonstrated. The average output power and the threshold current are 1.8 mW and 35 mA, respectively, when the injection current of the SOA is 100 mA, with a side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) exceeding 40 dB. The four channels have a 1-nm average channel spacing and can operate separately or simultaneously.     

Characterization of spectral hole depth in Tm^3＋ ：YAG within the cryogenic temperature range

In this paper, spectral hole depth dependence on temperature below 10 K in Tm^3＋ ：YAG crystal is investigated in detail. A novel model is proposed to analyze the temperature dependence on the spectral hole. By using the proposed model, we theoretically deduce the temperature dependence of spectral hole depth. The results are compared with experimental results and they are in good agreement. According to the theoretic results, the optimum temperature in experiment can be found.     

Optimizing 10 Gbps optical communication system with duty cycle selection of return to zero pulse

We have investigated the return-to-zero (RZ) pulse duty cycle for single-channel Standard Single mode fiber (SSMF), Non Zero Dispersion shifted fibers (normal NZDSF and anomalous NZDSF fiber) for 10 Gbps optical fiber communication system. We give a comprehensive look on the behavior of variable duty cycle optical RZ pulse indicating that lowest bit error rate for duty cycle 0.8 among the duty cycle values 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 investigated for the case of SSMF. The single repeaterless mode fiber length is increased from existing 55 km at duty cycle 0.2 to fiber length 85 km by keeping duty cycle at 0.8. The result is also emphasized through the 10 dB Q value improvement and corresponding improvement in average eye opening diagram. The normal NZDSF show similar improvement but at greater fiber length, it offers BER 10⁻⁹ at length 110 km with duty cycle 0.2. NZDSF operating length can further be increased to length 160 km by keeping duty cycle 0.8. The corresponding 8 dB Q value improvement and Average eye opening improvement also supports the result through its graphical variation. Thirdly Anomalous NZDSF for same optical communication system showed that 0.2 duty cycle value give operational length of 130 km which could be extended to 160 km if 0.8 duty cycle is kept. The corresponding 8 dB Q value improvement, average eye-opening improvement endorsed the fact in the graphs.     

Photoinduced electron transfer between hen egg white lysozyme and anticancer drug menadione

The protein, hen egg white lysozyme, on photoexcitation undergoes electron transfer with menadione (2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone), a widely known anticancer drug. With the addition of menadione the fluorescence of lysozyme is quenched with the simultaneous formation of an excited state charge-transfer complex in the longer wavelength and a ground state complex. The former is further evident from laser flash photolysis studies, which indicate a tryptophan to menadione electron transfer. From fluorescence quenching studies the binding constant is found to be ∼1.7×10⁴ M⁻¹ with the corresponding changes in enthalpy (ΔH°) and entropy (ΔS°) as 12.24 kJ mol⁻¹ and 124.12 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, respectively, indicative of an entropy-driven process. The circular dichroism studies also show some structural changes with increase in α-helical content in the protein on interaction with menadione. Finally, docking studies give some insight into the role of Trp 108 of lysozyme in the interaction.     

二维无序介质中横磁模的谱线宽度随抽运强度的变化特性

基于随机激光时域理论,数值研究了二维随机激光器中横磁模式的输出光谱线宽度,获得了谱线宽度与抽运强度的关系曲线,由此曲线可以计算横磁模式的很多特征参数.从谱线宽度的角度来看,横磁模式的输出特性结果与已有的横电模式结果相比,横磁模式具有较好的输出特性. 关键词： 随机激光器 偏振 谱线宽度 无序介质中的光学效应     

利用风廓线雷达谱宽反演晴空湍流耗散率

 从晴天风廓线雷达的回波信号机制出发,研究了利用风廓线雷达谱宽反演晴空湍流耗散率的方法,即从雷达测量的多普勒速度谱宽中提取出湍流因素引起的谱宽,进而由湍流谱宽和湍流动能耗散率的关系计算出湍流动能耗散率。通过对合肥地区风廓线雷达谱宽资料的分析,得到合肥上空300 m高度上湍流动能耗散率的大小分布在10-4~10^-1 m²/s³之间,与理论相符,说明利用雷达谱宽反演湍流耗散率的方法可行。     

Approximation theorems for localized szsz–Mirakjan operators

In the present paper, we investigate the convergence and the approximation order of the localized Szsz–Mirakjan operators, and obtain some new results to improve the results due to Omey [Note on operators of Szsz–Mirakjan type, J. Approx. Theory 47 (1986) 246–254].     

The SC property of an expected residual function arising from stochastic complementarity problems

The stochastic nonlinear complementarity problem has been recently reformulated as an expected residual minimization problem which minimizes an expected residual function defined by an NCP function. In this work, we show that the expected residual function defined by the Fischer–Burmeister function is an function.     

Majorization of regular measures and weights with finite and positive critical exponent

For the sets , 1?p<∞, of positive finite Borel measures μ on the real axis with the set of algebraic polynomials P dense in Lp(R,dμ), we establish a majorization principle of their “boundaries,” i.e. for every there exists such that dμ/dν?1. A corresponding principle holds for the sets , p>0, of non-negative upper semi-continuous on R functions (weights) w such that P is dense in the space : For every there exists such that w?ω.     

A remark on Andrews-Askey integral

In this paper, we use the Andrews-Askey integral and the q-Chu-Vandermonde formula to derive a more general integral formula. Applications of the new integral formula are also given, which include to derive the q-Pfaff-Saalschütz formula and the terminating Sears's transformation formula.