Very rapid copper‐mediated atom transfer radical polymerization of benzyl methacrylate at ambient temperature

The ability to do very rapid bulk atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of benzyl methacrylate using a CuX/PMDETA complex at room temperature was demonstrated in this study. The experimental conditions required to synthesize low‐ and high‐molecular‐weight poly(benzyl methacrylate) with low polydispersity are reported here. The controlled/living nature of the polymerization was demonstrated through kinetic studies, and chain‐extension studies. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 1053–1057, 2004     

Glivenko-Cantelli type theorems: An application of the convergence theory of stochastic suprema

The uniform convergence of empirical processes on certain classes of sets follows from the convergence theory for random lower semicontinuous functions studies in the context of stochastic optimization. In the process, a richer class of sets for which one can prove this type of result is exhibited.Research supported in part by grants from Ministero Publica Istruzione and the National Science Foundation.     

纳米晶氧化镍的制备及表征

Nano-NiO powder was prepared by thermal decomposition of the precursor of NiC₂O₄·2H₂O obtained via Ni(NO₃)₂·6H₂O and H₂C₂O₄·2H₂O reacting in ethanol solvent. IR and TGA-DTA indicate physisorption and chem- isorption ethanol co-exist in the precursor. XRD suggests the obtained cubic NiO is stable below 700 ℃. TEM shows the as-calcined NiO at 400 ℃ for 2 hours was of narrow distribution, weak agglomeration and small particle size (average 8 nm). The reason for weak agglomeration was explained.     

激光线宽对单次通过PPMgO:LN晶体倍频效率的影响

通过单次穿过PPMgO:LN晶体产生了2.06 W的780 nm可调谐的连续倍频光. 采用1560 nm的分布反馈式(DFB)半导体激光器、光栅外腔半导体激光器(ECDL)和分布反馈式掺铒光纤激光器(DFB-EDFL)分别作为掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)的注入光源, 所用的EDFA具有保持窄线宽的功能, 因此可以忽略它对基波线宽的展宽. 研究了激光线宽对单次通过PPMgO:LN 晶体的倍频效率的影响. 控制三台激光器各自注入EDFA的功率一致, 同时也保持EDFA 的输出功率. 在基波功率为12.42 W 时, 使用DFB半导体激光器注入EDFA时得到了1.36 W的780 nm倍频光输出, 转换效率为11.0%; 使用ECDL作为种子源时得到了1.78 W 的780 nm倍频光输出, 转换效率为14.3%; 使用DFB-EDFL作为种子源时得到了2.06 W的780 nm倍频光输出, 转换效率为16.6%. 测得三台种子激光器的线宽分别为1.2 MHz (DFB), 200 kHz (ECDL)和600 Hz (DFB-EDFL). 线宽越窄, 倍频效率越高, 实验结果与理论分析一致.     

Effect of Linewidth Enhancement Factor on Doppler Beat Waveform Obtained from a Self-Mixing Laser Diode

The asymmetry and fringe inclination of the sawtooth-like waveform observed in the self-mixing signal obtained from a semiconductor laser with optical feedback enable the direction discrimination of line-of-sight motion of external target surfaces. We investigated the effects of linewidth enhancement factor and feedback strength on the asymmetry and the direction of fringe inclination of the signal by numerical simulations. For the first time, we show that direction of the fringe inclination is determined not only by the direction of the target motion but also by the value of the linewidth enhancement factor.     

半导体激光器的线宽压窄及频率连续调谐

我们利用共焦F—P腔光学弱反馈技术，实现了单模GaAlAs半导体激光器线宽压窄、频率锁定及连续调谐。其线宽从自由运转时的10MHz被压窄到45kHz，并可将频率锁定于共焦F—P腔。实验证明，在弱反馈情况下，激光器的频率连续调谐范围与共焦FP腔的光强反馈量近似成正比，实现了在铷原子D2线附近1．2GHz的频率连续调谐，     

主振荡功率放大结构窄线宽全光纤激光器334 W高功率输出

搭建了一台全光纤结构的窄线宽高功率掺镱光纤激光器。种子激光的输出功率大于40 mW,线宽窄于100 MHz。采用主振荡功率放大结构三级放大,主放泵浦功率为405 W时得到了334 W的窄线宽高功率激光输出,光光转换效率为82.4%。目前,激光器输出功率仅受限于泵浦功率,增加有效泵浦功率即有望进一步提高输出功率。     

墙体对微波脉冲的衰减特性

研究墙体对微波脉冲的衰减特性,测量了微波脉冲垂直入射墙体后的脉冲信号,经过计算得到普通砖混墙、普通钢筋混凝土墙、钢筋网混凝土墙对窄带微波和超宽带微波的衰减值;分析了微波脉冲穿越不同墙体的频谱变化。研究结果表明,普通钢筋混凝土墙和普通砖混墙对窄带微波脉冲的衰减为0.342～0.699 dB/cm,对超宽带信号的衰减为0.134～0.183 dB/cm。钢筋网混凝土墙（厚65 cm）对超宽带信号的衰减较大（29.07～45.79 dB）,同时使穿透墙体的超宽带信号频率分布向高频位移。     

Absorption and dispersion control in a five-level M-type atomic system

We investigate the steady optical response of a coherently driven five-level M-type atomic system in three different situations.When all three coupling fields have the same zero detuning,we just find one deep transparency window accompanied by a steep normal dispersion in the probe absorption and dispersion spectra.When two coupling fields are detuned from the relevant transitions to the same extent,however,a second deep transparency window may be observed in the presence of a narrow absorption line of linewidth ～50 kHz.In this case,two single-photon far-detuned transitions can be replaced by a two-photon resonant transition,so the five-level M system in fact reduces into a four-level quasi-Λ system.Finally,we note that no deep transparency windows and no narrow absorption lines can be found when all three coupling fields have unequal detunings.     

自适应增强方法在光谱自动分类中的应用

针对活动星系核(AGN)光谱中发射线的不同特征,在恢复到静止系状态后的光谱上截取具有有效特征的波段范围,采用自适应增强(Adaboost)的方法,对宽线和窄线AGNs进行特征融合的分类实验,经分析,确定了以Hα和[NⅡ]发射线为主的波段为宽线和窄线AGNs光谱的主要区别特征。再单独对Hα和[NⅡ]发射线为主的波段,用自适应增强的方法对其进行光谱分类。自适应增强方法在训练过程中不断地加入“弱分类器”,直到达到某个预定的足够小的误差率或一定的循环次数,最后构成的总体分类器的分类判决由这些“弱分类器”各自的判决结果的投票来决定。此方法不需要事先调节参数,且“弱分类器”的分类结果只需好于随机猜测,算法简单。实验证明,对于单独采用以Hα和[NⅡ]发射线为主的波段,自适应增强方法能达到较好的分类效果,从而可有效地应用于大型光谱巡天所产生的活动星系核光谱的自动分类中。