Intracavity UV-range laser spectrometer

We suggest a variant, which has already been implemented, of a selective intracavity laser spectrometer with intracavity nonlinear optical conversion of the frequency range of generated multimode radiation. The apparatus provides a means for transition into the UV spectral range (shorter than 300 nm) to carry out direct recording and quantative investigation of strong resonance lines of atomic absorption, which earlier were beyond the reach of the intracavity method. We measured selective absorption in spectral lines of a number of metals: FeI 296.690 nm, TiI 294.200 nm, and GaI 287.424 nm. Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 70 F. Skorina Ave., Minsk, 220072, Belarus; e-mail: Ild@imaph.bas-net.by. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 66, No. 6, pp. 875–879, November–December, 1999.     

纳秒电光调Q Nd:YVO4激光器

介绍了一种新颖的短腔电光调Q窄脉宽激光器,通过分析影响脉宽的主要因素,确定了激光器的结构及参数。在准连续端面泵浦条件下,采用掺杂原子分数为1.0%、沿a轴切成布儒斯特角的Nd:YVO4晶体作为增益介质,直接获得偏振光振荡,有效缩短了腔长。在物理腔长20 mm时,采用退压式电光主动调Q结构,减小了插入损耗,获得了脉冲宽度为1.049 ns、单脉冲能量为0.32 mJ、光束质量平方因子为1.9的稳定激光输出。     

1.06 kW 13 GHz线宽全光纤激光器

分析了高功率光纤激光器中受激布里渊散射（SBS）效应的抑制方法。研究表明,利用宽带噪声源高速相位调制展宽光谱的方法对于抑制SBS十分有效,可实现kW级用于光谱组束的数10 GHz高功率光纤激光子束。通过理论计算线宽与SBS阈值的关系,并分析噪声相位调制各参数对SBS阈值提升的影响,优化了光纤激光器设计参数。通过宽带噪声高速相位调制的方法,展宽单频种子源线宽至13 GHz,通过两级预放大至10 W后,使用20/400 m掺Yb光纤最终实现了中心波长1064 nm、线宽13 GHz、最高功率1.06 kW的激光输出,光束质量M2＜1.2,光-光转换效率86%,实验过程未观测到模式不稳定性现象。进一步扩宽噪声源频带,加大调制深度,有望实现更高功率的窄线宽光纤激光输出。     

以催化油浆窄馏分为添加剂的Al－MCM－41分子筛的合成

 采用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂，以正硅酸乙酯为硅源，以硫酸铝为铝源，水热合成了以催化油浆窄馏分为添加剂的高比表面积Al－MCM－41介孔分子筛，并利用XRD，HREM，TG－DTA及N2吸附－脱附等测试手段对合成样品进行了表征．合成的Al－MCM－41分子筛的比表面积和孔体积分别达到1295m2／g和1．5cm3／g，其平均孔径为4．3nm．重点研究了Al－MCM－41分子筛结晶度、晶胞参数、比表面积、孔体积及平均孔径等结构性质随催化油浆窄馏分添加量及其组成的变化规律，并从合成机理上进行了解释．     

有机太阳能电池用聚合物给体材料的研究进展

有机太阳能电池由于质轻、价廉、柔性,受到人们的广泛关注.开发性能优异的聚合物给体材料,是近期有机太阳能电池研究的主流方向之一.迄今为止,已经成功开发出各种各样具有优秀的给体性质的共轭聚合物.基于这些材料制备的有机太阳能电池器件,已经突破9%的光电转换效率.按照聚合物给体材料的主链结构分类,综述了近年来这方面的研究进展.对一些受到普遍关注的材料,从设计思想、性能剖析到器件制备和性能,做了详细的介绍,以期能够深层次理解材料的化学结构-凝聚态结构-性能间的基本规律,为今后的材料研发提供有价值的参考.     

还原橙3衍生物及其聚合物光伏性能的研究

还原橙3具有稠环结构, 但是其在许多有机溶剂中的不溶性阻碍其作为光伏材料的使用. 对还原橙3进行修饰得到还原橙3的衍生物4,10-双(4-己基-2-噻吩基)-6,12-双(二氰基亚乙烯基)二氢化蒽并蒽(TCVA), 对TCVA的光电性能进行研究, 结果表明, TCVA在紫外-可见光区有较强的吸收, 循环伏安法表明TCVA的HOMO和LUMO能级分别为-6.04和-4.42 eV, 将其与P3HT共混制备太阳能电池, 其效率为0.3%. 将还原橙3衍生物作为受体单元制备D-A结构的给体聚合物聚4,10-双(4-己基-2-噻吩基)-6,12-双(二氰基亚乙烯基)二氢化蒽并蒽连2,6-双(三甲基锡)-4,4-二(2-乙基己基)二噻吩并[3,2-b:2',3'-d]噻咯(PTCVADTS), 该聚合物有非常窄的带隙0.94 eV, 但是由于其LUMO能级较受体材料(6,6)-苯基-C₆₁(₇₁)-丁酸甲酯(PCBM)的LUMO能级小, 阻碍了激子的分离, 使电池器件的效率很低.     

基于窄内径多孔层毛细管开管柱的纳流高效液相色谱用于N-衍生化氨基酸对映体的分离

窄内径多孔层毛细管开管柱(NPLOT柱)在生命科学领域,特别是单细胞分析领域具有较好的应用前景。本研究采用原位热引发聚合法来制备窄内径奎尼丁类手性固定相多孔层开管柱,在6μm i.d.的毛细管中制备有机聚合物多孔层,考察了不同热聚合时间(3、6和9h)对NPLOT柱形貌的影响,热聚3h和6h制备的NPLOT柱形貌均一,多孔层厚度分别为103±51nm和210±51nm。将热聚合3h制备的NPLOT柱用于纳流高效液相色谱分离N-衍生化氨基酸对映体,在2min内即可实现基本分离,消耗的样品量仅为皮升级别。该研究将为单细胞分析提供研究手段。     

X射线光刻胶的研究

合成了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯与甲基丙烯酸氯乙酯和甲基丙烯酸氯乙酯与甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物,并研究了该共聚物的分子量分布、结构和热稳定性能。研究了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯与甲基丙烯酸氯乙酯正性X射线光刻胶。该光刻胶具有热稳定性和高分辨率性。最低线幅宽度为0.1μm。     

Bandgap engineering of indenofluorene‐based conjugated copolymers with pendant donor‐π‐acceptor chromophores for photovoltaic applications

Three narrow‐band‐gap conjugated copolymers based on indenofluorene and triphenylamine with pendant donor‐π‐acceptor chromophores were successfully synthesized by post‐functionalization approach. All the polymers have good solubility in common solvents and excellent thermal stability. The photophysical properties, energy levels and band gaps of the polymers were well manipulated by introducing different acceptor groups onto the end of their conjugated side chains. By using different acceptor groups, the band gaps of the polymers were narrowed from 1.86 to 1.53 eV by lowering their lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels, whereas their relatively deep highest occupied molecular orbital levels of approximately ?5.35 eV were maintained. Bulk‐heterojunction solar cells with these polymers as electron donors and (6,6)‐phenyl‐C₇₁‐butyric acid methyl ester as acceptor showed power conversion efficiencies as high as 3.1% and high open circuit voltages more than 0.88 eV. The relationships between the performance and film morphology, energy levels, charge mobilities were discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011     

Tuning the energy gap of conjugated polymer zwitterions for efficient interlayers and solar cells

Narrow band gap conjugated polymer zwitterions (CPZs) were synthesized by Suzuki polymerization and characterized to understand their electronic properties and utility as cathode modification layers in solar cells. The polymers were prepared from diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) and iso-indigo monomers containing sulfobetaine (SB) pendant groups, benefiting from an ion-rich aqueous phase in the polymerizations. UV–vis absorption spectroscopy revealed the optical energy gap value for the CPZs, ranging from 1.7 to 1.2 eV. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy of the CPZs as thin layers on Ag metal showed that the pendent zwitterions impart an interfacial dipole (Δ) to the metal and a work function reduction of ∼0.9 eV. OPVs fabricated using a conventional bulk heterojunction (BHJ) device architecture of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/(PTB7:PC₇₁BM)/CPZ/Ag led to dramatic improvements in power conversion efficiency (PCE) values relative to devices having bare Ag cathodes (PCE < 2% for bare Ag vs. 6.7–7.7% for CPZ/Ag). The benzothiadiazole (BT)/DPP polymer denoted as PT₂BTDPPSB gave an optimal PCE of 7.7% in a conventional BHJ OPV device architecture fabricated on a Ag cathode. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015 , 53, 327–336