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161.
A. Marshall B. Børresen G. Hagen S. Sunde M. Tsypkin R. Tunold 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2006,42(10):1134-1140
Iridium-based oxides are highly active as oxygen evolving electrocatalysts in PEM water electrolyzers. In this work XRD reveals
that Ir-Sn oxides contain a single rutile phase with lattice parameters between those of pure IrO2 and SnO2. Addition of Ru leads to the synthesis of a core-shell type material due to the strong agglomeration of Ru colloids during
the preparation procedure. The shell of this material consists of an Ir-Sn-Ru oxide deficient in Ru relative to the bulk.
This leads to a decrease in the surface noble metal concentration (as found by XPS), which in turn results in a significant
reduction in electrochemically active surface area. Polarization analysis indicates that the addition of Ru can influence
the rate-determining step or mechanism by which oxygen is evolved. In a PEM water electrolysis cell, small additions of Sn
do not significantly reduce the operating performance, however larger additions cause a performance loss due to a reduction
in active surface area and increased ohmic resistance. When a pure IrO2 anode is used, a cell voltage is 1.61 V at 1 A cm−2 and 90°C.
Published in Russian in Elektrokhimiya, 2006, Vol. 42, No. 10, pp. 1260–1267.
The text was submitted by the authors in English. 相似文献
162.
V. Šepelák I. Bergmann A. Feldhoff P. Heitjans F. J. Litterst K. D. Becker 《Hyperfine Interactions》2005,165(1-4):81-87
The single-step synthesis of nanosized MgFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 via mechanochemical processing of binary oxide precursors is followed by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. Quantitative information is provided on both ionic and spin configurations in mechanosynthesized spinels. The response of the mechanosynthesized ferrite nanoparticles to changes in temperature is also studied. 相似文献
163.
采用阳极氧化水解法对染料敏化纳米TiO2薄膜太阳电池的光阳极进行不同方式的电沉积优化处理.借助x射线衍射仪对处理后的样品进行分析,通过超高分辨率场发射扫描电子显微镜对导电玻璃以及电沉积处理前后纳米多孔薄膜表面进行了粒径和形貌的扫描.染料敏化太阳电池实验测试结果表明,电沉积处理和修饰后可以明显提高光生电子的收集率,增大短路电流密度,提高电池效率.
关键词:
2')" href="#">纳米TiO2
染料敏化
电沉积
太阳电池 相似文献
164.
用失晕法测试了纳米锌镀层和0^#锌片在0.2mol/L硫酸介质中的腐蚀性能.结果表明纳米锌镀层的耐腐蚀性要远优于锌片,且在一定的实验条件下,纳米锌镀层的腐蚀速率为一常数.另外,本文还研究了溴化十六烷基吡啶和吡啶及其甲基衍生物在硫酸介质中对纳米锌镀层和0^#锌片的缓蚀性能.其中溴化十六烷基吡啶和3-甲基吡啶的缓蚀性能较好.并用密度泛函B3LYP方法和Onsager溶剂化模型,在6-31G水平上优化了溴化十六烷基毗啶、3-甲基吡啶和4-甲基毗啶分子的几何构型,用其电子结构数据探讨了它们的缓蚀机理。 相似文献
165.
M. Miglierini 《Hyperfine Interactions》2005,164(1-4):41-49
A controlled annealing of amorphous precursors represents a simple way of obtaining nanocrystalline alloys featuring interesting magnetic properties suitable for technical applications. They stem from the presence of crystalline nanograins embedded in the amorphous residual matrix which determine the resulting macroscopic parameters. In order to understand correlation between the microstructure and the resulting magnetic behaviour, Mössbauer spectrometry is used as a method of local probe analysis. Possibilities of this technique are discussed and representative examples of investigation of NANOPERM-type nanocrystalline alloys are provided. 相似文献
166.
A.M. Vichare D.G. Kanhere 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》1998,4(1):89-94
Density based molecular dynamics has been used to investigate the ground state structures of heterogeneous binary clusters
Al13Lin, n
= 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 19, 20, 21. Some of these structures have also been investigated by full Kohn-Sham based calculations. Our
earlier investigations have shown that in the Al-Li cluster, the ground state configurations are the ones where the Al atoms
form a core around which the Li atoms form a “cage”. In the present work, we have chosen the well-known Al13 icosahedron as the surface over which we study the evolution of the surface coverage as the number of Li atoms increases.
On the basis of the earlier work, we expect that the Al13Li20 cluster would be the most stable and indeed our simulations do yield such a novel fivefold symmetric stable structure formed
out of purely metal atoms. This icosahedral substrate is also used to study the coverage of the aluminum surface by lithium
atoms. For a small number of Li atoms, these studies suggest that the Li-Li dimerisation is not particularly favored.
Received: 24 October 1997 / Revised: 7 April 1998 / Accepted: 29 June 1998 相似文献
167.
168.
毕延芳 《核聚变与等离子体物理》1985,(2)
聚变堆的纵场线圈通常采用无弯矩的恒张力线圈,即D形线圈,这是种尺寸巨大且场强高的纵场线圈,其受电磁力的作用机械支撑问題甚突出。 恒张力线圈的概念最初由File等人提出。最初的D形轮廓线(通常称为PrincetonD)是根据纵场场强与半径成反比(即B_θ∝1/R)的简化条件求解的,也就是假定整个环形纵场线圈沿环向连续均匀地分布。但实际上,纵场线圈总是做成分立的。因为诸如各种注入、加热和抽真空等通道需在线圈之间插入,目前的趋势是在满足等离子体外缘磁场纹波要 相似文献
169.
170.