Simple optical method for measuring the temperature of an incandescent filament under vacuum

A new optical method is proposed for measuring the temperature of an incandescent filament under vacuum. The method is based on measurement of the intensity of thermal radiation at one fixed wavelength while varying the magnitude of the filament current, without using a calibrated reference radiator. The method has been experimentally tested. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 73, No. 3, pp. 414–416, May–June, 2006.     

干涉多光谱图像压缩编码新技术

提出一种基于运动估计的三维小波变换和非对称零树编码的干涉多光谱图像压缩方案.该方案利用大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪推扫成像特点,对图像进行分区域运动估计的三维小波变换.采用了一种新型非对称零树编码方法,该方法可在较少的图像间建立较长的零树,增加了系数编码时由重要结点变为不重要结点并趋于零的概率,使编码的效果更好.该方案消耗内存少,延时小,有利于卫星上的图像压缩,有效地保护了图像的光谱特性.在8倍压缩下,满足干涉多光谱图像的质量要求.     

基于多光谱和sRGB空间的自然植物色的重现

多光谱成像技术在颜色科学方面的应用主要在于准确的记录和复制拍摄场景的颜色信息。针对目前基于光谱的颜色重现设备昂贵、复杂和实现起来困难的问题,提出了物体颜色从反射光谱空间向sRGB颜色空间变换的方案。在遵循sRGB标准的设备上重现了D65光源下的218种自然植物颜色,所显示的颜色与植物反射光谱实物对应的名称一致。对8个自然植物在9种不同光源下和在sRGB空间下的颜色进行了预测显示。所提出的方案对在网络环境下实现相同实物在不同照明环境下的场景显示提供了可行的途径。     

APPLICATION OF GENETIC ALGORITHM IN PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS BY MULTISPECTRAL EXTINCTION MEASUREMENTS

Both dependent and independent model algorithms are designed with genetic algorithm (GA) to retrieve aerosol size data from multispectral extinction measurements. Compared with the traditional dependent model algorithm, e.g., simplex, GA can locate the global optimized solution instead of local ones. As an independent model algonthm, when combined with B-splines, GA gives consistent results with Chahine and Phillip-Twomey-NNLS algorithms. Numerical simulations also show that GA has high stability and good resistance to relatively higher error levels. For a population size of 50 in the present paper, the feasible ranges for genetic operators Pc and pm are found to be [0.01, 0.5] and [0.01, 0.15], respectively, and the generation number Gen_Max should be larger than 250.     

High-fidelity image reproduction using angular distribution of reflected spectral intensity

A method to reproduce images of an object under various observation conditions is presented. In this method, a series of multispectral images is captured by rotating the object under a point light source of which spectral power distribution and the position are known. The captured images are decomposed into diffuse and specular reflection component images based on the dichromatic reflection and the Lambertian models. Next, the incident angle of the illumination light and the angle between viewing direction and regular reflection are calculated based on observation geometry. Finally, the image under observation geometry is synthesized using the light-ray rearrangement technique. The experiments are carried out using two-dimensional objects, leather and fabric. Most of the synthesized images are shown to be the same as the images actually captured under the assumed illumination geometry, even if the object has complex reflection like fabric for which it is difficult to apply the reflection model used in computer graphics.     

三波段辐射测温的存储二分法求解原理

引入线性发射率模型,基于辐射测温方程组推导了三波段辐射测温方法的等温面方程,该方程是测量信号矢量与测量信号系数矢量的点积。根据测量信号系数矢量是温度的单值函数这一特征,结合二分法求解非线性方程的优点,提出了三通道辐射测温方法的存储二分法求解原理,并进行了C++程序实现。基于C++程序研究了特定测量信号矢量条件下的等温面方程曲线,结果表明在较大的温度求解区间内该曲线具有单调特征,随着V3的增加该曲线尾部逐渐上翘由负变正。误差及时间复杂性分析结果表明二分数为Num时最大误差为(T_max-T_min)/2num+1,求解过程包括3Num+1次乘法和2Num+1次加法,没有除法和指数对数运算,极大地提高了温度求解速度。     

光谱重构油菜叶绿素含量快速检测方法及设备研制

为了实现油菜叶片中叶绿素含量的快速无损检测,开发了手持式多光谱成像系统用于采集油菜叶片在460,520,660,740,840和940 nm 六个波段的光谱图像。将一台能够采集可见光/近红外（380～1 023 nm）512个波段光谱图像但是价格高昂且体积大的室内高光谱成像系统作为参考仪器,将手持式多光谱成像系统作为目标仪器后,采用伪逆法（pseudo-inverse method）求得高光谱成像系统和多光谱成像系统两台仪器之间的转换矩阵F,从而实现6个波段的多光谱图像向512个波段的高光谱图像的重构,提高了手持式设备的光谱分辨率。运用偏最小二乘回归算法（PLSR）建立了重构的光谱与油菜叶片的叶绿素含量之间的关系模型。结果表明,重构的可见光范围内的光谱反射率与叶绿素浓度之间具有很强的相关性,PLSR回归模型建模集的决定系数R2_c为0.82,建模集均方根误差RMESC为1.98,预测集的决定系数R2_p为0.78,预测集均方根误差RMESP为1.50,RPD为2.14。虽然应用本文开发的手持式成像系统结合PLSR模型实现油菜叶绿素含量快速无损预测的精度低于基于室内高光谱成像系统获得的高光谱图像建立的PLSR模型（R2_c,RMESC,R2_p,RMESP和RPD分别为0.90,1.41,0.82,1.36和2.37）,但是明显优于基于原始多光谱成像系统4个波段（460,520,660和740 nm）反射率建立的PLSR模型得到的结果（R2_c,RMESC,R2_p,RMESP和RPD分别为0.78,2.06,0.72,1.85和1.88）。表明光谱重构技术可提高多光谱成像预测油菜叶绿素含量的精度,并且与室内高光谱成像系统相比,开发的手持式设备具有体积小、成本低廉和操作简便等优点,可为田间油菜叶片的生理状态和养分检测及可视化表达提供技术支持。