气体放电等离子体中多重随机共振实验及数值研究

在气体放电等离子体随机共振实验中观察到了信噪比随噪声强度出现多次共振的现象。这种现象与动力学系统的多稳性质相关。通过对多稳动力学系统随机共振的数值模拟，获得了与实验现象类似的随机共振曲线。     

磁共振现代射频脉冲理论在非均匀场成像中的应用

在磁共振非均匀场成像中，传统的射频脉冲导致回波信号的衰减.为了减小和消除这种磁共振信号的衰减，在讨论了经典理论的基础上根据非线性动力学中的逆散射理论和Shinnar-Le Roux方法导出了用于非均匀场成像的射频脉冲设计方法.模拟结果表明，采用逆散射理论和Shinnar-Le Roux方法优化的脉冲序列可以明显提高信号的信噪比. 关键词： 磁共振成像 射频脉冲 非线性系统     

共振线俘获对碰撞激发X光激光增益特性的影响

 以类氖-锗离子为例,用逃逸概率方法研究了共振线俘获效应对电子碰撞激发X光激光增益特性的影响。对波长为19.6nm,23.2nm和23.6nm等三条激光线,讨论了增益特性对增益区宽度ΔR和介质速度梯度dV/dZ的依赖关系.     

自催化三分子模型内噪声随机共振

运用化学Langevin方程 ,数值研究了内噪声对单个和单向耦合自催化三分子模型动力学行为的影响 .研究发现 ,对于单个振子体系 ,内噪声可以诱导持续振荡 ,而且随着系统尺度的增大 ,信噪比经过一个极大值 ,从而证明了内噪声随机共振和最佳尺度效应的存在 ;对于单向耦合系统 ,信噪比还随耦合强度的变化而经过极大值 .此外 ,边界条件对耦合体系的内噪声随机共振行为有很大影响 ,非零流条件下 ,耦合可以增强内噪声随机共振 ,而零流条件下 ,耦合会抑制随机共振 ;当耦合强度适宜时 ,每个振子发生随机共振时的尺度几乎相同 ,表明最佳体系尺度和耦合强度有助于体系达到最佳的化学反应状态 .     

Laser Based Techniques for Ultra Trace Isotope Production, Spectroscopy and Detection

A variety of research activities in the field of fundamental and applied nuclear physics has evolved in the last years using resonantly tuned radiation from powerful lasers. The technique of resonance ionization spectroscopy has delivered outstanding results and found broad acceptance in the last years as a particularly efficient and highly selective method for rare and exotic radioisotope studies. It is used for production, spectroscopy and detection of these species and provides complete isobaric, high isotopic and even some isomeric selection, which altogether is needed for on-line investigation of short lived species far off stability as well as for ultra trace determination. Good overall efficiency pushes the experimental limits of detection in elemental trace analysis down to below 10⁶ atoms per sample, and additionally isotopic selectivity as high as 3 × 10¹² has been demonstrated. The widespread potential of resonance ionization techniques is discussed, focusing on the experimental arrangements for applications in selective on-line isotope production, spectroscopy of rare radioisotopes and ultra trace determination of radiotoxic isotopes like ²³⁸Pu to ²⁴⁴Pu, ^135,137Cs, ^89,90Sr or ⁴¹Ca in environmental, technical and biomedical samples.     

弱噪声极限下二维布朗运动的随机共振现象

在弱噪声极限下，应用多维Fokker-Planck方程的与时间有关问题方面的理论，推导了对称双稳势阱中二维布朗粒子的概率跃迁速率，并基于绝热近似理论研究了弱噪声极限下受小幅低频周期力驱动的二维布朗运动的随机共振现象.与以前的结果相比，所得到的信噪比与阻尼系数的大小无关.精确的数值模拟结果进一步说明了所得的信噪比的适用性. 关键词： 二维布朗运动 弱噪声极限 随机共振 信噪比     

周期激励浅拱1∶2内共振参数平面定常运动分布

本文研究了已具有静变形的受周期激励作用下浅拱在１：２内共振条件下的分岔特性，进而按系统的运动形式将整个参数平面分成不同的区域，得到了物理参数平面上浅拱的定常运动分布情况，结合数值分析方法详细分析了系统在各个区域内特别是Ｈｏｐｆ分岔区域内系统的动力学特性，指出系统模态相互作用的规律及其通向混沌的过程·     

Triplet state sublevel spectroscopy applied to proteins

Triplet state sublevel spectroscopy using optical detection of magnetic resonance (ODMR) in zero magnetic field can be successfully employed to study (i) the environment of tryptophan (Trp) residues in a protein by observing the position and structure of phosphorescence spectra, zero field ODMR transitions and triplet state sublevel kinetics, (ii) the energy transfer among Trp residues, and (iii) whether any cysteine (Cys) residue is within van der Waals distance of any Trp residue by studying the complex of the protein with methylmercury(II) iodide (CH₃HgI) which binds to Cys residues. These studies are particularly important where crystal structure study is not possible. Study of the S₁ state often gives ambiguous results since fluorescence is always broad and shows multi-exponential decay. Our results on bacteriophage lysozyme T4 which contains three Trp residues at positions 126, 138 and 158 are presented. Measurements were facilitated by the use of a mutated enzyme containing one or two Trp-Tyr substitutions. The results indicate that (i) Trp 126 and 158 are solvent exposed, whereas Trp 138 is buried in a hydrophobic environment, (ii)S ↔S non-radiative energy transfer takes place predominantly from Trp 126 to Trp 158, and (iii) only Trp-158 undergoes a heavy atom perturbation, which affects selectively the z-sublevel (z is an out-of-plane axis of the indole plane) as a result of CH₃HgI binding to nearby Cys 97. We suggest that the Hg atom is located on the z-axis of Trp 158 in the complex. This interpretation is based on our investigations on the effect of orientation of heavy atom perturbers in some naphthalene-crown ether metal ion complexes.     

Frequency and molecular-mass-dependent nonexponential proton NMR relaxation in polymer melts

A theoretical treatment of the nonexponential relaxation behavior of the different proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation processes in polymer melts is presented. Formulas are derived for a three-component model given by two versions and a homogeneous distribution of correlation times. The theoretical results were tested with measurements of T₁, T_2e, and T₂ as functions of frequency and molecular mass in linear fractionated polyethylene samples. While the T₁ relaxation always yields exponential magnetization decays, the T_2e and T₂ measurements show biexponential relaxation behavior. From the calculations it was found that the correlation time of the local motion is independent of the molecular mass, whereas the correlation time of the slowest motional process increases with M^2.8_w for the three-component model and with M^2.2_w for the distribution of correlation times, respectively. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.