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351.
352.
Yoshiyuki Koyano Norio Takenaka Yukinori Nakagawa Masataka Nagaoka 《Journal of computational chemistry》2010,31(14):2628-2641
353.
G. T. Ruiz A. G. Lappin G. Ferraudi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2012,50(12):2507-2515
The mechanisms of the redox reactions between a polymer containing Al(III) sulfonated phthalocyanine pendants, (AlIII(?NHS(O2)trspc)2?)2, and radicals have been investigated in this work. Pulse radiolysis and photochemical methods were used for these studies. Oxidizing radicals, OH?, HCO3?, (CH3)2COHCH2?, and N3?, as well as reducing radicals, eaq?, CO2??, and (CH3)2C?OH, respectively accept or donate one electron forming pendent phthalocyanine radicals, AlIII(?NHS(O2)trspc ?)? or 3?. The kinetics of the redox processes is consistent with a mechanism where the pendants react with radicals formed inside aggregates of five to six polymer strands. Electron donating radicals, that is, CO2?? and (CH3)2C?OH, produce one‐electron reduced phthalocyanine pendants that, even though they were stable under anaerobic conditions, donated charge to a Pt catalyst. While the polymer was regenerated in the Pt catalyzed processes, 2‐propanol and CO2 were respectively reduced to propane and CO. The reaction of SO3?? radicals with the polymer stood in contrast with the reactions of the radicals mentioned above. A first step of the mechanism, the coordination of the SO3?? radical to the Al(III), was subsequently followed by the formation of a SO3?? ‐ phthalocyanine ligand adduct. The decay of the SO3?? ‐ phthalocyanine ligand adduct in a ~102 ms time domain regenerates the polymer, and it was attributed to the dimerization/disproportionation of SO3?? radicals escaping from the aggregates of polymer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012 相似文献
354.
Inside Cover: Enhancement of Light Absorption Ability of Synthetic Chlorophyll Derivatives by Conjugation with a Difluoroboron Diketonate Group (Chem. Eur. J. 29/2016) 下载免费PDF全文
355.
Composite optical vortices in noncollinear Laguerre--Gaussian beams and their propagation in free space 下载免费PDF全文
Taking two Laguerre-Gaussian beams with topological charge 1 = ±1 as an example, this paper studies the composite optical vortices formed by two noncollinear Laguerre-Gaussian beams with different phases, amplitudes, waist widths, off-axis distances, and their propagation in free space. It is shown by detailed numerical illustrative examples that the number and location of composite vortices at the waist plane are variable by varying the relative phase β, amplitude ratio η, waist width ratio ξ, or off-axis distance ratio μ. The net topological charge lnet is not always equal to the sum lsum of charges of the two component beams. The motion, creation and annihilation of composite vortices take place in the free-space propagation, and the net charge during the propagation remains unchanged and equals to the net charge at the waist plane. 相似文献
356.
Carriers recombination processes in charge trapping memory cell by simulation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
We have evaluated the effects of recombination processes in a charge storage layer, either between trapped electrons and trapped holes or between trapped carriers and free carriers, on charge trapping memory cell's performances by numerical simulation. Recombination is an indispensable mechanism in charge trapping memory. It helps charge convert process between negative and positive charges in the charge storage layer during charge trapping memory programming/erasing operation. It can affect the speed of programming and erasing operations. 相似文献
357.
Quantum state sharing of an arbitrary qudit state by using nonmaximally generalized GHZ state 下载免费PDF全文
We present a scheme for quantum state sharing of an arbitrary qudit state by using nonmaximally entangled generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states as the quantum channel and generalized Bell-basis states as the joint measurement basis. We show that the probability of successful sharing an unknown qudit state depends on the joint measurements chosen by Alice. We also give an expression for the maximally probability of this scheme. 相似文献
358.
WU Jin-Jie HENG Yue-Kun SUN Zhi-Jia WU Chong ZHAO Yu-Da YANG Gui-An JIANG Chun-Hua 《中国物理C(英文版)》2008,32(3)
A new charge measurement method, time over threshold (TOT), has been used in some gas detectors lately. Here TOT is studied for TOF system, made of plastic scintillator counter, which can simplify the electronics of the system. The signal characteristics are measured and analyzed with a high quality oscilloscope, including noise, pedestal, signal amplitude, total charge, rise time and the correlation between them. The TOT and charge are related and can be fitted by some empirical formula. The charge measurement resolution by TOT is given and this will help the design of TOF electronics. 相似文献
359.
The design of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) low-energy beam transport (LEBT) line, which locates between the ion source and the radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ), has been completed with the TRACE3D code. The design aims at perfect matching, primary chopping, a small emittance growth and sufficient space for beam diagnostics. The line consists of three solenoids, three vacuum chambers, two steering magnets and a pre-chopper. The total length of LEBT is about 1.74 m. This LEBT is designed to transfer 20 mA of H-pulsed beam from the ion source to the RFQ. An induction cavity is adopted as the pre-chopper.The electrostatic octupole steerer is discussed as a candidate. A four-quadrant aperture for beam scraping and beam position monitoring is designed. 相似文献
360.
Threshold Visual Cryptography Schemes with Specified Whiteness Levels of Reconstructed Pixels 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
In 1994, Naor and Shamir introduced an unconditionally secure method for encoding black and white images. This method, known as a threshold visual cryptography scheme (VCS), has the benefit of requiring no cryptographic computation on the part of the decoders. In a
-VCS, a share, in the form of a transparency, is given to ">n users. Any ">k users can recover the secret simply by stacking transparencies, but ">k-1 users can gain no information about the secret whatsoever.In this paper, we first explore the issue of contrast, by demonstrating that the current definitions are inadequate, and by providing an alternative definition. This new definition motivates an examination of minimizing pixel expansion subject to fixing the VCS parameters ">h and ">l. New bounds on pixel expansion are introduced, and connections between these bounds are examined. The best bound presented is tighter than any previous bound. An analysis of connections between (2, ">n) schemes and designs such as BIBD's, PBD's, and (">r, )-designs is performed. Also, an integer linear program is provided whose solution exactly determines the minimum pixel expansion of a (2, ">n)-VCS with specified ">h and >l. 相似文献