High-Throughput Analysis of Sofalcone in Human Plasma by Use of Automated 96-Well Protein Precipitation and LC-MS-MS

A sensitive and selective method for the determination of sofalcone in human plasma was established by use of protein precipitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Plasma samples were transferred into 96-well plate using an automated sample handling system and spiked with 10 L of 2 g mL^–1 internal standard solution (d₃-sofalcone). 0.5 mL of acetonitrile was added to the 96-well plate and the plasma samples were then vortexed for 30 sec. After centrifugation, the supernatant was transferred into another 96-well plate and completely evaporated at 40 °C under a stream of nitrogen. The dry residue was reconstituted with mobile phase. All sample transfer and protein precipitation was automated through the application of both the PerkinElmer MultiPROBE II HT and TOMTEC Quadra 96 workstation. The limit of quantitation of sofalcone was 2 ng mL^–1 using a sample volume of 0.2 mL for the analysis. The reproducibility of the method was evaluated by analyzing five samples at nine quality control (QC) levels over the nominal concentration range from 2 ng mL^–1 to 1000 ng mL^–1. Validation of the method showed that the assay has good precision and accuracy. Sofalcone and internal standard produced a protonated precursor ion ([M+H]⁺) at m/z 451 and 454, and both gave a corresponding product ion at m/z 315. The high sample throughput of the method has been successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of sofalcone in human plasma.     

Evaluation of phenyldimethylethoxysilane treated high-performance thin-layer chromatographic plates. Application to analysis of flavonoids inScutellariae radix

Summary The retention and selectivity of flavonoids (baicalin, baicalein, wogonin, oroxylin A) inScutellariae radix have been studies by high-performance thin-layer chromatography on phenyldimethylethoxysilane-treated silica plates. The silica plates treated with phenyl groups were used for physical and chemical analysis. From elemental carbon analysis, the maximum number of bonded phenyl surface groups per gram was calculated to be 0.467×10²¹ (Oginal silica plate: Merck Art. 15109, Silica gel 100 F₂₅₄). With methanol-1/15 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.2) mixtures as mobile phase, baicalin, baicalein, wogonin, and oroxylin A inScutellariae radix were separated. It has been shown that phenyl-treated plates are more suitable for selective separation of baicalin, baicalein, wogonin, and oroxylin A than octadecyl-treated plates.     

氧化钪中Ti,Mo,W,V,Zr等难熔杂质光谱分析

本用提高样品蒸发速率的方法提高氧化钪中难熔杂质光谱分析灵敏度。采用一种特殊的阴极设计，配合使用Ｎ２＋Ａｒ气氛控制，在旋流气室中放电激发，取样仅５ｍｇ的条件下，光谱测定氧化钪中难烷质Ｔｉ，Ｚｒ，Ｍｏ，Ｗ，Ｖ灵敏度可达（１－３）×１０＾－４％。测定的相对标准偏差为９％－２７％。     

Surface free energies of styrene-acrylic acid copolymer plates prepared in various frames

Styrene (St)-acrylic acid (AA) copolymer plates were synthesized in the frames made of glass, aluminum (Al) and poly(difluoroethylene) (PDFE). Surface properties of the prepared copolymer plates were characterized with regard to critical surface tension ( _C ), chemical components by IR analysis and surface energies (total energy, _S ; dispersion force components, _S ^d ; polar component, _S ^p ; hydrogen bonding component, _S ^h ) and the following results were obtained.The _C values of the copolymer plates increased with AA content and also depended on the sort of the used frame. The increasing order of the _C values of the copolymer plates corresponded to those of the used frames, namely, PDFE frame < Al frame < Glass frame.The prepared copolymer plates with low AA contents (ca. 10 mol%) were enriched in the AA moiety in the surface layer regardless of the kind of the used frame.The total and the individual components of the surface free energies of the copolymer plates were largely affected by the property of the used frame. The glass frame gave the plate with higher _S ^h values suggesting preferential orientation of the polar site of AA component.     

非理想状态下的塔板理论模型

 在过程中 ,将流动相看成是由许多连续的塔板组成 ,每一塔板的高度与固定相塔板的高度相同。初始浓度的溶质被认为全部集中在流动相的第一塔板中 ;溶质在流动相和固定相之间动态分布。由于动力学因素的影响 ,当流动相流过一个塔板距离时 ,溶质不能够迅速地从固定相释放到流动相中 ,因此溶质在流动相和固定相中的分布浓度受到两个因素即反映系统热力学性质的分配系数P和反映系统动力学性质的释放概率因子α的影响。这一过程被认为是非理想状态下的过程。     

Fluid inertia effects in ferrofluid squeeze film between a sphere and a plate

On the ground of the ferrohydrodynamic model proposed by Shliomis  and , the present study investigates the influences of fluid inertia forces on the ferrofluid squeeze film between a sphere and a plate in the presence of external magnetic fields. According to the results, the effects of fluid inertia forces enhance the load capacity and prolong the approaching time for the ferrofluid sphere–plate system. Further numerical results for the load capacity are also provided in a table for engineering applications.     

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS OF COMPOSITE PLATES BY A LOCAL RADIAL BASIS FUNCTIONS-FINITE DIFFERENCE TECHIQUE

The use of local numerical schemes,such as finite differences produces much better conditioned matrices than global collocation radial basis functions methods.However,finite difference schemes are limi...     

HEAT TRANSFER AND PRESSURE DROP FROM LOUVERED SURFACES IN AUTOMOTIVE HEAT EXCHANGERS

An investigation of heat transfer and pressure drop from some louvered surfaces is presented. The test rig and the measuring as well as the data evaluating procedures are described. The measured data are transferred and presented in a nondimenswnal form. The heal transfer data are provided mainly as Stanton numbers versus Reynolds number, and the pressure drop is given as Darcy friction factors versus Reynolds number. For comparing the performance of the various louvered surfaces, the flow area goodness factors and the so-called volume goodness factors are presented. All the louvered surfaces have been found to be more efficient than the corresponding smooth surface. The standard multilouvered fin surfaces were found to be most efficient, but one of the new surfaces also performed very well.     

COUPLING EFFECTS OF VOID SHAPE AND VOID SIZE ON THE GROWTH OF AN ELLIPTIC VOID IN A FIBER-REINFORCED HYPER-ELASTIC THIN PLATE

The growth of a prolate or oblate elliptic micro-void in a fiber reinforced anisotropic incompressible hyper-elastic rectangular thin plate subjected to uniaxial extensions is studied within the framework of finite elasticity. Coupling effects of void shape and void size on the growth of the void are paid special attention to. The deformation function of the plate with an isolated elliptic void is given, which is expressed by two parameters to solve the differential equation. The solution is approximately obtained from the minimum potential energy principle. Deformation curves for the void with a wide range of void aspect ratios and the stress distributions on the surface of the void have been obtained by numerical computation. The growth behavior of the void and the characteristics of stress distributions on the surface of the void are captured. The combined effects of void size and void shape on the growth of the void in the thin plate are discussed. The maximum stresses for the void with different sizes and different void aspect ratios are compared.