Field emission properties of a-C and a-C:H films deposited on silicon surfaces modified with nickel nanoparticles

The a-C and a-C:H films are deposited on silicon surfaces modified with and without nickel nanoparticles by using mid-frequency magnetron sputtering. The microstructures and morphologies of the films are analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Field emission behaviors of the deposited films with and without nickel nanoparticles modification are comparatively investigated. It is found that the hydrogen-free carbon film exhibits a high field emission current density and low turn-on electric field compared with the hydrogenated carbon film. Nickel modifying could increase the current density, whereas it has no significant effect on the turn-on electric field. The mechanism of field electron emission of a sample is discussed from the surface morphologies of the films and nickel nanoparticle roles in the interface between film and substrate.     

Three-dimensional flow of Powell–Eyring nanofluid with heat and mass flux boundary conditions

This article investigates the three-dimensional flow of Powell–Eyring nanofluid with thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects. The energy equation is considered in the presence of thermal radiation. The heat and mass flux conditions are taken into account. Mathematical formulation is carried out through the boundary layer approach. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into the nonlinear ordinary differential equations through suitable variables. The resulting nonlinear ordinary differential equations have been solved for the series solutions. Effects of emerging physical parameters on the temperature and nanoparticles concentration are plotted and discussed. Numerical values of local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers are computed and examined.     

Novel Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ag@Ni trepang-like nanocomposites:High-efficiency and magnetic recyclable catalysts for organic dye degradation

A facile step-by-step approach is developed for synthesizing the high-efficiency and magnetic recyclable Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ag@Ni trepang-like nanocomposites.This method involves coating Fe_2O_3 nanorods with a uniform silica layer,reduction in 10%H_2/Ar atmosphere to transform the Fe_2O_3 into magnetic Fe_3O_4,and finally depositing Ag@Ni core-shell nanoparticles on the L-lysine modified surface of Fe_3O_4@SiO_2 nanorods.The fabricated nanocomposites are further characterized by x-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy.The Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ag@Ni trepang-like nanocomposites exhibit remarkably higher catalytic efficiency than monometallic Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ag nanocomposites toward the degradation of Rhodamine B(RhB) at room temperature,and maintain superior catalytic activity even after six cycles.In addition,these samples could be easily separated from the catalytic system by an external magnet and reused,which shows great potential applications in treating waste water.     

Au纳米粒子增强丙酮受激拉曼散射研究

受激拉曼散射(stimulated Raman scattering,SRS)具有激光的特性,并且容易获取不同波长的激光,从而成为调谐激光频率的重要途径之一。然而,由于其转化效率低,限制了它的实际应用。金属纳米粒子具有很强的表面增强效应,曾被广泛地用于增强拉曼散射而获得良好的效果。本文提出将金属纳米粒子的这种性质用于增强SRS。把Au纳米粒子混合于拉曼介质丙酮中,以532nm的纳秒脉冲激光作为激发光,研究了Au纳米粒子在丙酮中的浓度对丙酮SRS一阶Stokes光强的影响,并通过仿真计算对实验结果进行了解释和分析。     

氮吸附法测定纳米粒子的比表面积实验

在纳米粒子的性能表征中,比表面积是一个非常重要的参数。本文研究了用氮吸附法测定纳米粒子比表面积的实验方法。     

Metastability of gold-carbonyl cluster complexes, Au N(CO) M -

Smaller gold-cluster anions, typified by Au ₇ ^- , adsorb multiple CO molecules in a high-pressure, room-temperature flow-reactor, tending toward previously unknown saturation compositions, Au₇(CO) ₄ ^- . The weakness of the gold-carbonyl adsorption bond is evidenced indirectly by the high CO partial pressure required and more directly by the high probability of fragmentation in the field-free flight region of the reflectron-type time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The analysis of this metastability reveals that the actual distribution f_N,M of products Au₇(CO) _M ^- in the reactor may be highly non-statistical, e.g. with only even-M species present. Received 17 April 2001     

稀土对金属纳米粒子-介质复合薄膜(Ag-BaO)光电发射性能的增强

用真空蒸发沉积的方法制备了掺杂稀土的金属纳米粒子介质复合薄膜(Ag-BaO薄膜).与不掺杂稀土的Ag-BaO薄膜相比,其光电发射能力提高了近40%.透射电镜分析表明,掺杂稀土后,Ag-BaO薄膜中的Ag纳米粒子明显细化、球化、密度增大.这表明Ag纳米粒子的细化,使得其在光作用下,光电子更容易通过隧道效应穿过界面位垒逸出,导致光电发射能力增强     

Ag/AgCl纳米粒子的制备及其共振散射光谱研究

以AgCl纳米粒子作晶种,在柠檬酸三钠存在条件下,AgCl纳米粒子表面结合的银离子被光化学还原而获得Ag/AgCl复合纳米粒子。研究了Ag/AgCl纳米粒子的光谱特性,在310和590nm处产生二个共振散射峰,在400nm处产生一个吸收峰。     

69,71Ga NMR studies of a superconducting Ga 84 cluster compound

We present ^69,71Ga-NMR experiments on microcrystalline samples of the recently discovered supramolecular compound Ga ₈₄ [ N ( SiMe ₃ ) ₂ ] ₂₀ Li ₆ Br ₂ ( thf ) ₂₀ ^. 2 toluene, which is composed of ligand-coordinated Ga₈₄ metal clusters, packed together in a fully ordered crystalline matrix. The compound is highly conducting and even shows superconductivity below T _c ~ 7.2 K. Our preliminary results between 10-300 K show a metallic-like behavior: the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate T ₁ ^-1 follows the Korringa law ⁶⁹ ( T ₁ T ) ^-1 = 0.36 s ^-1 K ^-1 , but with a relaxation rate approximately three times smaller than in bulk -Ga metal. No quantum-size effects are observed, the Korringa law being followed down to 10 K, whereas the quantum-gaps for individual clusters should amount to ~ 10 ³ K. These results therefore suggest a transport process based on intermolecular charge transfer, similar as in alkali-doped fullerenes and silicon-clathrates.     

Thermal and chemical nanofractal relaxation

We studied shape relaxation of nano-fractal islands, during annealing, after their growth from antimony cluster deposition on graphite surface. Annealing at 180^°C shows evidence of an increase of the fractal branch width with time followed by branch fragmentation, without changing the fractal dimension. The time evolution of the width of the arm suggests the surface self-diffusion mechanism as the main relaxation process. With Monte Carlo simulations, we confirmed the observed behavior. Comparison is done with our previous results on fragmentation of nano-fractal silver islands when impurity added to the incident cluster promotes rapid fragmentation by surface self-diffusion enhancement [1].