Effect of Ga doping on magneto-transport properties in colossal magnetoresistive La0.7Ca0.3Mn1−xGaxO3 (0<x<0.1)

Samples of La_0.7Ca_0.3Mn_1−xGa_xO₃ with x=0, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.10 were prepared by standard solid-state reaction. They were first characterized chemically, including the microstructure. The magnetic properties and various transport properties, i.e. the electrical resistivity, magnetoresistivity (for a field below 8 T), thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity measured each time on the same sample, are reported. The markedly different behaviour of the x=0.1 sample from those with a smaller Ga content, is discussed. The dilution of the Mn³⁺/Mn⁴⁺ interactions with Ga doping considerably reduces the ferromagnetic double exchange interaction within the manganese lattice leading to a decrease of the Curie temperature. The polaron binding energy varies from 224 to 243 meV with increased Ga doping.     

Flicker noise in degenerately doped Si single crystals near the metal-insulator transition

In this paper we report some of the important results of experimental investigations of the flicker noise near the metal-insulator (MI) transition in doped silicon single crystals. This is the first comprehensive work to study low-frequency noise in heavily doped Si over an extensive temperature range (2 K<T<500 K). The measurements of conductance fluctuations (flicker noise) were carried out in the frequency range 10⁻²<f<4 × 10¹ Hz in single crystalline Si across the MI transition by doping with phosphorous and boron. The magnitude of noise in heavily doped Si is much larger than that seen in lightly doped Si over the whole temperature range. The extensive temperature range covered allowed us to detect two distinct noise mechanisms. At low temperatures (T<100 K) universal conductance fluctuations (UCF) dominate and the spectral dependence of the noise is determined by dephasing the electron from defects with two-levels (TLS). At higher temperatures (T>200 K) the noise arises from activated defect dynamics. As the MI transition is approached, the 1/f spectral power, typical of the metallic regime, gets modified by the presence of discrete Lorentzians which arise from generation-recombination process which is the characteristic of a semiconductor.     

THE AROMATIZATION MECHANISM OF METHANE OVER Mo/HZSM-5 ZEOLITE CATALYSTS WITHOUT USING OXIDANTS

IntroductionMethancisthcmaJorcomponcntofnaturalgasanditscatalyticconvcrsiontodcsiredchemicalproductsorliquidfiJcIisnotonl}'apromisingapproachtotheutilizationofnaturalgasrcsourccbutalsoagrcatsubjcctforcatalysissciencctt'hichdcaIst"iththcactivationofsmallmolcculesThcx"orldrcscrvcofnaturalgashasbccnexplorcdasaboutl382562xl()8m3IllTheMTGprocessdcvclopedbythcMobilcorpcangctliquidfuelfrommethancthroughsteamreformingofmethanctoproduccsynthcsisgaswhichisassociatedt'ithamaJorityofthecostsofthcprocc…     

还原温度对超细K－Co－Mo催化剂合成低碳醇性能的影响

 用溶胶－凝胶法合成了K－Co－Mo催化剂．样品经不同温度还原后，用于低碳醇的合成．XRD和HRTEM结果表明，样品是超细粒子，粒子尺寸为2～5nm．考察了催化剂的还原温度和反应条件对催化剂性能的影响．实验结果表明，还原温度对催化剂的活性有较大的影响，最佳还原温度为500℃．最佳反应温度范围为310～330℃．升高压力和空速可以提高醇的收率和选择性．在空速14400h－1，压力6．0MPa和温度310℃的条件下，醇的选择性为55．8％，收率为520．0g／（kg·h），MeOH／C2＋OH为0．27．催化剂稳定性良好，在200h的寿命实验中，活性基本不变．与文献中催化剂相比，超细K－Co－Mo催化剂对合成醇具有较高的活性和选择性，尤其是对C2＋OH的合成明显高于其他合成醇催化剂体系．     

Rational synthesis of covalently bonded organic-inorganic hybrids

Hybrid materials based on covalently linked inorganic polyoxometalates (POMs) and organic species containing a delocalized pi system have drawn increasing attention. These hybrids, traditionally prepared by cluster assembly approaches that lack predictability and controllability, can now be synthesized through common organic reactions by using organically functionalized POM clusters as building blocks. This minireview highlights some of the most recent advances on a particular type of hybrids where the organic and inorganic components are connected by an imido linkage.     

Robust core-shell supramolecular assemblies based on cationic vesicles and ring-shaped [Mo154] polyoxomolybdate nanoclusters: template-directed synthesis and characterizations

Substantial progress has been made recently in extending the supramolecular assembly of biomimetic structures to vesicle-based sophisticated nanocomposites and mesostructures. We report herein the successful preparation of unilamellar surfactant vesicles coated with a monolayer of ring-shaped [Mo(154)] polyoxometalate (POM) nanoclusters, (NH(4))(28)[Mo(154)(NO)(14)O(448)H(14)(H(2)O)(70)]. approximately 350 H(2)O, by coulomb attractions using preformed didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) surfactant vesicles as templates. The resultant vesicle-templated supramolecular assemblies are robust (they do not disintegrate upon dehydration) both at room-temperature ambient and vacuum conditions, as characterized by conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The flexibility of the complex soft assemblies was also revealed by AFM measurements. The effect of POM-vesicle coulomb attractions on the dimensions of the templating vesicles was also investigated by using dynamic light scattering (DLS). Although origins of the structure stability of the as-prepared supramolecular assemblies are not clear yet, the nanometer scale cavities and the related properties of macroions of the POM clusters may play an important role in it.     

罗丹明B-Mo(V)-SCN~--PVA体系荧光熄灭法测痕量钼

在聚乙烯醇存在下,用罗丹明B-Mo(V)-SCN~-荧光熄灭法测Mo,能消除过量的SCN-对罗丹明B的熄灭作用。加入聚乙烯醇后体系的荧光熄灭倍数比未加入时大14倍。此法灵敏度高、稳定性好、操作简便,检测下限0.12ng/ml Mo.可用于测水和头发中的钼。     

Influence of Temperature and Time on the Stability of Silver in Silica Sol-Gel Glasses

The darkening of silica sol-gel glasses doped with 0.05 mol% silver was studied. Six sols were prepared from TEOS and silver nitrate. Different additives were used, to influence the chemical and physical states of silver: oxidizing or reducing agents (H₂O₂, As₂O₅), colloid stabilizer (sodium citrate) and network modifiers (Li₂O, CaO). Sols were gelified at 60°C and densified at 600°C. The samples without additives and those prepared with H₂O₂ at room temperature even if they were protected from light. With increased temperature, the darkening became samples were heated above, 400°C, reversible bleaching took place. This darkening-bleaching is of thermal nature (“thermochromic effect”) and seems to be determined by a reversible aggregation-disaggregation of tiny silver particles. The presence of sodium citrate, as an additive delayed the darkening effect and the presence of CaO delayed it even further. Lithium oxide inhibited it totally.     

二氧化碳与丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸用CuPMo／TiO2催化剂的研究

 用溶胶－凝胶法以磷钼酸（MPA）的铜盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了CuPMo／TiO2催化剂，并用ICP，XRD，TG－DTA，IR，TPD－MS和微反技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化性能．结果表明：杂多钼酸盐与TiO2表面通过O2－桥发生键联．在623K下，杂多阴离子仍保持其原有的Keggin结构；CO2在Lewis酸位Cu（Ⅱ）和Lewis碱位Cu－O－Mo桥氧的协同作用下形成卧式吸附态Cu（Ⅱ）←O－（CO）←（O－－Cu）；丙烯以分子吸附态在催化剂上吸附；在空速1500h－1，压力1MPa和温度563K的反应条件下，丙烯的转化率为4．2％，甲基丙烯酸的选择性为96％．