In this paper we present error estimates for the finite element approximation of linear elastic equations in an unbounded domain. The finite element approximation is formulated on a bounded computational domain using a nonlocal approximate artificial boundary condition or a local one. In fact there are a family of nonlocal approximate boundary conditions with increasing accuracy (and computational cost) and a family of local ones for a given artificial boundary. Our error estimates show how the errors of the finite element approximations depend on the mesh size, the terms used in the approximate artificial boundary condition, and the location of the artificial boundary. A numerical example for Navier equations outside a circle in the plane is presented. Numerical results demonstrate the performance of our error estimates.
We prove that a substitutive dynamical system of Pisot type contains a factor which is isomorphic to a minimal rotation on a torus. If the substitution is unimodular and satisfies a certain combinatorial condition, we prove that the dynamical system is measurably conjugate to an exchange of domains in a self-similar compact subset of the Euclidean space.