天然染料敏化太阳能电池的制备——一个大学化学综合性实验

介绍一个研究探索型的大学化学综合性实验——天然染料敏化太阳能电池的制备。内容包括天然染料的提取,天然染料及其敏化的光阳极的紫外-可见吸收光谱的测试,染料敏化太阳能电池的制备以及光电性能测试等。通过本实验的实践,可以让学生更好地掌握相关专业知识,提高实验操作技能和专业素质,激发学生对科学研究的兴趣,培养科研探究能力。     

双层分等级TiO_2纳米线制备及其光伏性能研究

采用两步溶剂热反应制备了底层为分等级锐钛矿的TiO_2纳米线阵列,上层为分等级锐钛矿的TiO_2纳米线薄膜的双层结构电极.通过XRD和SEM对其组成和形貌进行了表征,并考察了纳米线薄膜对染料敏化太阳电池(DSSC)光伏性能的影响.实验结果表明,分等级锐钛矿的TiO_2纳米线作为DSSC的光阳极,光电转换效率为4.39%,其效率高于光滑的TiO_2纳米线光阳极电池效率(2.07%).     

一种用于活细胞中检测Zn2+的萘酚席夫碱类荧光探针

设计合成了1种基于C=N异构化和螯合荧光增强机理（CHEF）的Zn²⁺荧光探针BMO和NBMO,其结构经¹H NMR,¹³C NMR,¹H-¹H COSY,HSQC,IR和HRMS进行了表征。光谱分析实验结果显示,探针对Zn²⁺均具有较好的选择性和灵敏度,检出限分别为30和21 nmol·L^-1。在0~20 μmol·L^-1浓度的范围内,BMO和NBMO的荧光强度与Zn²⁺浓度可呈良好的线性关系。NBMO-Zn²⁺配合物单晶结构和Job曲线证实该探针与Zn²⁺以1：1配位。NBMO被成功应用于活细胞中Zn²⁺的检测。     

A Novel BODIPY‐Based Low‐Band‐Gap Small‐Molecule Acceptor for Efficient Non‐fullerene Polymer Solar Cells

We report herein an efficient A¹‐C≡C‐A²‐C≡C‐A¹ type small‐molecule 4,4'‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐ indacene (BODIPY) acceptor (A¹=BODIPY and A²=diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)) by following the A‐to‐A excited electron delocalization via the BODIPY meso ‐position, the inherent directionality for the excited electron delocalization. The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) delocalizes across over whole the two flanking A¹ and the central A², and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) localizes dominantly on the ‐C≡C‐DPP‐C≡C‐ segment. The excited electron upon light excitation of the DPP segment delocalizes over both the BODIPY and DPP segments. The acceptor in chloroform shows an unprecedented plateau‐like broad absorption between 550 and 700 nm with a large FWHM value of 195 nm. Upon transition into solid film, the acceptor shows absorption in the whole near ultraviolet‐visible‐near infrared wavelength region (300‐830 nm) with a low band gap of 1.5 eV and a maximum absorptivity of 0.85×10⁵ cm^‐1. Introduction of the ethynyl spacer between the A¹ and A² and the close BODIPY‐to‐DPP LUMO energy levels are crucial for the excited π−electron delocalization across over whole the conjugation backbone. A power conversion efficiency of 6.60% was obtained from the ternary non‐fullerene solar cell with PTB7‐Th:p ‐DTS(FBTTh₂)₂ (0.5 : 0.5) as the donor materials, which is the highest value among the non‐fullerene organic solar cells with BODIPY as the electron acceptor material.     

Doxorubicin-containing microparticles comprising cinnamoyl gelatin-folic acid conjugate,cinnamoyl Pluronic F127, and cinnamoyl poly(β-cyclodextrin)

Microparticles comprising of cinnamoyl gelatin (type A) (CA-GelA), cinnamoyl gelatin (type B) (CA-GelB), cinnamoyl Pluronic F127 (CA-Plu), and cinnamoyl poly(β-cyclodextrin) (CA-P(βCD)) were prepared as a carrier for doxorubicin (DOX). Folic acid (FA) was covalently attached to CA-GelA as a targeting molecule for cancer cells. The covalent attachment of FA was confirmed by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy. On the TEM micrographs, the microparticles were almost circular and they were a few hundreds of nanometers in diameter. The release at pH7.4 of DOX from microparticle/DOX suspension was more extensive when the FA content of microparticles was lower and the temperature of release medium was higher. According to the flow cytometric analysis, the lager amount of FA seemed to make the interaction of the microparticle and KB cell more favorable. On confocal laser fluorescence micrograph, the cell treated with microparticle bearing FA showed relatively strong DOX fluorescence, indicating the strong interaction of the microparticle and KB cells.     

Synthesis and characterization of BaGa2O4 and Ba3Co2O6(CO3)0.6 compounds in the search of alternative materials for Proton Ceramic Fuel Cell (PCFC)

BaGa₂O₄ and Ba₃Co₂O₆(CO₃)_0.6 compounds were studied as electrolyte and cathode materials for Proton Ceramic Fuel Cells (PCFC), respectively. Not only BaGa₂O₄ rapidly reacts with atmospheric H₂O and CO₂ and leads to a progressive material decomposition, but it does not present real hydration properties in normal conditions of pressure. On the other hand, the basic cobalt oxocarbonate Ba₃Co₂O₆(CO₃)_0.6 exhibits an interesting tendency for weight uptake and formation of hydrogencarbonate groups in moist heating/cooling conditions. This material was therefore considered for complementary studies in order to confirm its potential use as mixed proton-electron conductor, taking into account the ordered intergrowth of carbonates and face sharing Co-octahedra columns forming a pseudo-one-dimensional structure. Some preliminary results concerning electrochemical properties of the barium cobalt oxocarbonate as a PCFC cathode are also described and show at the moment modest performance, possibly related to a hydrated/carbonated surface layer contribution and/or the lack of electron percolation within the electrode layer.     

Comprehensive two‐dimensional PC‐3 prostate cancer cell membrane chromatography for screening anti‐tumor components from Radix Sophorae flavescentis

Radix Sophorae flavescentis is generally used for the treatment of different stages of prostate cancer in China. It has ideal effects when combined with surgical treatment and chemotherapy. However, its active components are still ambiguous. We devised a comprehensive two‐dimensional PC‐3 prostate cancer cell membrane chromatography system for screening anti‐prostate cancer components in Radix Sophorae flavescentis . Gefitinib and dexamethasone were chosen as positive and negative drugs respectively for validation and optimization the selectivity and suitability of the comprehensive two‐dimensional chromatographic system. Five compounds, sophocarpine, matrine, oxymatrine, oxysophocarpine, and xanthohumol were found to have significant retention behaviors on the PC‐3 cell membrane chromatography and were unambiguously identified by time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Cell proliferation and apoptosis assays confirmed that all five compounds had anti‐prostate cancer effects. Matrine and xanthohumol had good inhibitory effects, with half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 0.893 and 0.137 mg/mL, respectively. Our comprehensive two‐dimensional PC‐3 prostate cancer cell membrane chromatographic system promotes the efficient recognition and rapid analysis of drug candidates, and it will be practical for the discovery of prostate cancer drugs from complex traditional Chinese medicines.     

d‐Fructose‐Decorated Poly(ethylene imine) for Human Breast Cancer Cell Targeting

The high affinity of GLUT5 transporter for d ‐fructose in breast cancer cells has been discussed intensely. In this contribution, high molar mass linear poly(ethylene imine) (LPEI) is functionalized with d ‐fructose moieties to combine the selectivity for the GLUT5 transporter with the delivery potential of PEI for genetic material. The four‐step synthesis of a thiol‐group bearing d ‐fructose enables the decoration of a cationic polymer backbone with d ‐fructose via thiol‐ene photoaddition. The functionalization of LPEI is confirmed by 2D NMR techniques, elemental analysis, and size exclusion chromatography. Importantly, a d ‐fructose decoration of 16% renders the polymers water‐soluble and eliminates the cytotoxicity of PEI in noncancer L929 cells, accompanied by a reduced unspecific cellular uptake of the genetic material. In contrast, the cytotoxicity as well as the cell specific uptake is increased for triple negative MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells. Therefore, the introduction of d ‐fructose shows superior potential for cell targeting, which can be assumed to be GLUT5 dependent.