A method for rapid identification and quantification of phthalate plasticizers in beverages was developed. A number of 15 phthalate plasticizers which covered all the phthalates concerned in the US Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA), European Union legislations and Chinese national standards (GB) were analyzed. By a combined solid‐phase micro‐extraction (SPME) and direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART‐MS) approach, phthalates at sub‐ng·mL?1 levels can be qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in a short time. The use of ultrahigh‐resolving power and the accurate mass measurement capacity naturally provided by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT‐ICR‐MS) minimizes the matrix interferences and thus enables the evaluation of phthalates in a complex matrix without extensive sample handlings or preparations. The limits of quantification (LOQs) were estimated to be at 0.3–5.0 ng·mL?1, lower than the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) regulated by the European Union legislations (2007/19/EC) in foods, beverages, food packaging and toys (0.3–30 ng·mL?1). This rapid and easy‐to‐use SPME‐DART‐FT‐ICR‐MS method provided a relatively high‐throughput and powerful analytical approach for quick testing and screening phthalates in beverages and water samples to ensure food safety. 相似文献
The coupling of atomic and photonic resonances serves as an important tool for enhancing light‐matter interactions and enables the observation of multitude of fascinating and fundamental phenomena. Here, by exploiting the platform of atomic‐cladding wave guides, the resonant coupling of rubidium vapor and an atomic cladding micro ring resonator is experimentally demonstrated. Specifically, cavity‐atom coupling in the form of Fano resonances having a distinct dependency on the relative frequency detuning between the photonic and the atomic resonances is observed. Moreover, significant enhancement of the efficiency of all optical switching in the V‐type pump‐probe scheme is demonstrated. The coupled system of micro‐ring resonator and atomic vapor is a promising building block for a variety of light vapor experiments, as it offers a very small footprint, high degree of integration and extremely strong confinement of light and vapor. As such it may be used for important applications, such as all optical switching, dispersion engineering (e.g. slow and fast light) and metrology, as well as for the observation of important effects such as strong coupling, and Purcell enhancement.
The peony-like CuO micro/nanostructures were fabricated by a facile hydrothermal approach. The peonylike CuO micro/nanostructures about 3-5 μm in diameter were assembled by CuO nanoplates. These CuO nanoplates, as the building block, were self-assembled into multilayer structures under the action of ethidene diamine, and then grew into uniform peony-like CuO architecture. The novel peony-like CuO micro/nanostructures exhibit a high cycling stability and improved rate capability. The peony-like CuO micro/nanostructures electrodes show a high reversible capacity of 456 mAh/g after 200 cycles, much higher than that of the commercial CuO nanocrystals at a current 0.1 C. The excellent electrochemical performance of peony-like CuO micro/nanostructures might be ascribed to the unique assembly structure, which not only provide large electrode/electrolyte contact area to accelerate the lithiation reaction, but also the interval between the multilayer structures of CuO nanoplates electrode could provide enough interior space to accommodate the volume change during Li~+ insertion and de-insertion process. 相似文献
In this paper, we propose a new prototype model of a micro pump using ICPF (Ionic Conducting Polymer Film) actuator as the
servo actuator. This micro pump consists of two active oneway valves that make use of the same ICPF actuator. The overall
size of this micro pump prototype is 12mm in diameter and 20 mm in length. The actuating mechanism is as follows: (1) The
ICPF actuator as the diaphragm is bent into anode side by application of electricity. Then the volume of the pump chamber
increases, resulting in the inflow of liquid from the inlet to the chamber. (2) By changing the current direction, the volume
of the pump chamber decreases, resulting in the liquid flow from the chamber to the outlet. (3) The ICPF actuator is put on
a sine voltage, the micro pump provides liquid flow from the inlet to the outlet continuously. Characteristic of the micro
pump is measured. The experimental results indicate that the micro pump has the satisfactory responses. 相似文献
Offered in this work is the development of a macro/meso/micro model that covers the lineal scale of 10−11 to 100 by application of the volume energy density function. Boundary constraints and defect geometries are shown to play a role
at the smaller scale in the same way as those at the macroscopic scale. Different orders of stress (or energy density) singularities
are used to describe the defect geometry and prevailing constraint via the boundary conditions in a way similar to singularity
adopted in classical fracture mechanics. Two classes of singularities have been identified in addition to classical one without
violating the finiteness conditions of the local displacement and energy density. Still the connection of results from the
different scales is no small task and is made possible by application of a scale multiplier. It is determined by considering
the interactive effects of the parameters at the different scales from the atomic to the macroscopic. Unlike the classical
boundary value problem approach, application of the scale multiplier has led to closed-form asymptotic multiscale solutions
that otherwise would not have been made possible. The procedure is demonstrated for the anti-plane shear of a macro-micro-atomic
model that accounts for imperfection at the different scales
Published in Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 3–22, January 2006. 相似文献