溶剂化金属原子浸渍法制备聚合物固载Co-Ag催化剂Ⅱ.催化性质研究

用溶剂化金属原子浸渍技术制备了高分散树脂固载Co -Ag双金属催化剂。研究了这些催化剂在二丙酮醇加氢和用作燃料电池电极时的催化性质。与普通浸渍法制备的相同组成的催化剂相比 ,溶剂化金属原子浸渍催化剂显示出更高的活性。这是因为溶剂化金属原子浸渍催化剂具有更高的分散性和金属的还原度 (零价金属百分比 )。研究结果还表明随着金属含量的增加催化活性增大 ,在电催化反应中钴的加入增大了银的催化活性。     

含镧的Bi2Te3基化合物的溶剂热合成及微观结构

以BiCl3,LaCl3和Te粉为原料,用溶剂热合成法制备了含稀土元素的单相LaxBi4Te6(x≤1)热电材料纳米粉末.研究发现,三元化合物LaxBi4Te6具有与二元Bi2Te3化合物相同的晶体结构和相似的晶格常数。LaxBi4Te6中的La含量随合成温度升高而增加,但与反应时间没有显著关系。LaxBi4Te6合成粉末的颗粒尺寸在30nm左右,并且几乎与反应温度和反应时间没有关系。在120℃合成的粉末基本上为不规则多面体形状,在150℃及以上温度合成的粉末则趋向于薄片状．并存在一些直径在50～80nm之间的纳米管。     

薄壁铸造和退火工艺对LPCNi3.55Co0.75Mn0.4Al0.3贮氢合金电化学性能的影响

研究了不同铸锭厚度(1～10mm)对薄壁铸造的铸态和退火态LPCNi3．55Co0.75Mn0.4Al0.3贮氢合金电化学性能的影响。结果发现：铸态LPCNi3．55Co0.75Mn0.4Al0.3合金的0．2C放电容量随着合金锭厚度的增加有增大的趋势。10mm厚铸态合金的活化性能优于其它厚度的合金，且在1C的放电容量和循环稳定性比在其它厚度的高。主要原因应归结为该厚度合金具有更大的晶胞体积和更小的晶格应力。退火态3mm LPCNi3．55Co0.75Mn0.4Al0.3合金的综合电化学性能比铸态更优异，6mm合金的循环稳定性和3～6mm合金的活化性能得到改善。主要原因应归结为晶格应力的极大释放以及Mn等元素偏析的改善。     

Non-Isothermal Kinetics of the Decomposition Reaction of Cluster [Ag3WS3Br]（PPh3）3 and [Cu3WS3Br]（PPh3）3

The thermal behaviors of clusters [Ag3WS3Br](PPh3)3 and [Cu3WS3Br](PPh3)3 (PPh3=triphenyl phosphine) in a nitrogen atmosphere were studied under the non-isothermal conditions by simultaneous TG-DTG-DSC and EDS techniques. The results showed that the evolution of PPh3 generally proceeded before the release of the other moiety in one or two step-mode. The mechanisms, the kinetic and the thermodynamic parameters for decomposition of PPh3 of both clusters were determined and calculated by jointly using several methods, which showed that its evolution was controlled by Avrami-Erofeev equation. The results also showed that there was no new stable phase composed of W-Ag(Cu)-S-Br after release of organic moiety PPh3 and that CVD method was not applicable to their further processing.     

金属材料分析(Ⅱ)

评述了2006～2007年两年间, 金属材料分析领域的国内现状与进展概况. 内容包括: 称量分析法;滴定分析法;分子光谱分析(分光光度法、催化动力学分光光度法);原子光谱分析(原子吸收光谱法、原子荧光光谱法、原子发射光谱法、质谱分析法、 X-射线荧光光谱法);电化学分析;金属中气体分析;原位分析;标准分析方法制定与标准物质(标准样品)研制;不确定度评定等在金属材料分析中的应用进展.参考文献420篇.     

Partial oxidation of methane to syngas catalyzed by a nickel nanowire catalyst

A nickel nanowire catalyst was prepared by a hard template method,and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM),N2 physical adsorption,X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS),X-ray diffraction (XRD) and H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR).The catalytic properties of the nanowire catalyst in the partial oxidation of methane to syngas were compared with a metallic Ni catalyst which was prepared with nickel sponge.The characterization results showed that the nickel nanowire catalyst had high specific surface area and there was more NiO phase in the nickel nanowire catalyst than in the metallic Ni catalyst.The reaction results showed that the nickel nanowire catalyst had high CH4 conversion and selectivities for H2 and CO under low space velocity.     

Protective yttria coatings of melting crucible for metallic fuel slugs

As one of the candidate coating materials for a melting crucible, yttrium oxides were deposited on graphite and niobium substrates using slurry and plasma spraying methods. Thermal cycling tests and interaction studies between U–Zr/U–Zr–RE fuel melt and the Y₂O₃ coatings were carried out to evaluate the performance as reusable coatings for a melting crucible. A multi‐layer coating method was also applied to overcome the issue of a thermal expansion mismatch between the coating and substrate. The results showed that the plasma‐sprayed coatings showed a good consolidation after deposition compared to slurry coating. The plasma‐sprayed Y₂O₃ coating on the niobium substrate showed better thermal cycling resistance than those coated on a graphite substrate. The proposed TaC/Y₂O₃ double‐layer coating which was plasma‐sprayed on the niobium substrate showed improved characteristics with no reaction layer formation and no separation from the substrate after the interaction with the U–Zr–RE melt. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

碳纳米管-Mg65Cu25Gd10非晶复合材料玻璃转变的动力学性质

制备了Mg65Cu25Gd10大块非晶合金及其碳纳米管（CNTs）复合材料，对两种材料进行了不同扫描速率下的差热扫描量热分析，研究了加入CNTs对材料玻璃转变和晶化动力学效应的影响。结果表明：加入CNTs后，复合材料的玻璃转变和晶化行为仍然具有动力学效应，但加入的CNTs减小了材料晶化行为对升温速率的依赖程度；同时，加入CNTs加大了材料发生玻璃转变时需要克服的能量势垒，增大了峰值温度时的晶化反应速率常数，从而降低了材料的玻璃形成能力（GFA）；对CNTs降低GFA的原因也进行了探讨。     

Meso-四(对烷氧苯基)卟啉金属银配合物的激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱表征

通过激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱对meso-四(对烷氧苯基)卟啉金属银配合物进行了表征.样品溶解在氯仿中,以正离子方式记录谱图,结果发现除了产生目标化合物分子离子峰外,没有任何碎片峰.激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱是表征这种meso-四(对烷氧苯基)卟啉金属银配合物有效的方法.     

La-CoMoN_x/CNTs催化剂上氨分解反应的本征动力学

以La-CoMoNx/CNTs为催化剂,对氨分解制氢反应的本征动力学进行了研究。考察了N2浓度、H2浓度、NH3浓度以及反应温度对反应速率的影响。采用幂指数方程描述反应动力学,确定了本征动力学参数,推导出了本征动力学方程,得到反应的活化能为93.948 kJ/mol。同时对其反应机理进行了探讨,认为La-CoMoNx/CNTs催化剂上氨分解反应遵循Temkin-Pyzhev机理,即表面氮原子的结合脱附为反应的速率控制步骤。