全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3002篇 |
免费 | 800篇 |
国内免费 | 91篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2101篇 |
晶体学 | 18篇 |
力学 | 90篇 |
综合类 | 104篇 |
数学 | 145篇 |
物理学 | 1435篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 18篇 |
2022年 | 86篇 |
2021年 | 51篇 |
2020年 | 123篇 |
2019年 | 57篇 |
2018年 | 91篇 |
2017年 | 93篇 |
2016年 | 154篇 |
2015年 | 158篇 |
2014年 | 217篇 |
2013年 | 280篇 |
2012年 | 276篇 |
2011年 | 248篇 |
2010年 | 218篇 |
2009年 | 220篇 |
2008年 | 194篇 |
2007年 | 217篇 |
2006年 | 180篇 |
2005年 | 164篇 |
2004年 | 139篇 |
2003年 | 107篇 |
2002年 | 93篇 |
2001年 | 85篇 |
2000年 | 47篇 |
1999年 | 38篇 |
1998年 | 48篇 |
1997年 | 31篇 |
1996年 | 35篇 |
1995年 | 26篇 |
1994年 | 23篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 16篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 13篇 |
1985年 | 14篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 17篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3893条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
The robustness testing of a normal-phase liquid chromatographic (LC) method for the determination of R-timolol and other related substances in S-timolol maleate was performed applying a two-level Plackett-Burman design. Two qualitative and five quantitative factors were examined. Two types of responses were considered, qualitative, i.e. chromatographic performance criteria, and quantitative ones. The latter were taken into account to determine if the analytical procedure was robust. The quantitative responses were the contents of R-timolol in two S-timolol maleate samples. Even though some significant factor effects were observed on the qualitative responses, the R-timolol contents were not significantly different from those observed at nominal conditions, which demonstrated the robustness of the procedure.Since the experiments of the Plackett-Burman design can be assimilated to laboratories in an interlaboratory study, uncertainty can be evaluated using the robustness test data. The robustness test was set-up in such a way that the required variances could be estimated. It was shown that the robustness set-up allows estimating the reproducibility uncertainty without performing an interlaboratory study. 相似文献
82.
The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) participated in an international interlaboratory study under
the auspices of the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance (CCQM) for the determination of 19-norandrosterone (19-NA)
in urine, the principal metabolite of nandrolone and certain other synthetic testosterone substitutes banned for use by the
World Antidoping Agency (WADA). Prior to this study, NIST developed a candidate reference measurement procedure based upon
isotope dilution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. This method was applied to a urine sample distributed to
the participants in the study by the Australian National Measurement Institute, Pymble, Australia (NMIA). The NIST results
were in very good agreement with those from the other participants, all of whom used methods based upon gas chromatography/mass
spectrometry. All known significant sources of uncertainty were evaluated, resulting in a relative expanded uncertainty of
less than 5% (coverage factor k = 2). 相似文献
83.
Girault J. Longueville D. Malgouyat J. M. Istin B. Lecomte G. Fourtillan J. B. 《Chromatographia》1994,39(3-4):228-238
Summary A simple and sensitive assay has been developed for the quantitative measurement of a new platelet activating factor antagonist (BN50730), and its two main metabolites (BN50727 and BN50922), at the picomole level in human plasma and urine. The three compounds of interest and the internal standard (BN50765) were measured by combined LC-negative chemical ionization MS. A simple solid-liquid extraction procedure was used to isolate the parent drug and the two metabolites. The MS was tuned to monitor the intense ionm/z 333 generated in the ion source by a dissociative capture process. The assay was on 1 ml plasma or 0.1 ml urine and the quantitation limit was calculated as 1 ng·ml–1. The very low relative standard deviations and mean percentages of error calculated for within-day or between-day repeatability assays demonstrate the ruggedness of the technique for routine determination in biological fluids. Some preliminary results on the pharmacokinetics of the parent drug and its two main metabolites illustrate the applicability of this method. 相似文献
84.
Many applications of coupled LC-GC in food analysis require that LC separates large quantities of triglycerides from the components of interest. The capacities of silica gels to retain triglycerides have been determined for n-hexane as mobile phase as well as some eluent mixtures. Conclusions are drawn for practical applications. 相似文献
85.
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) have been utilized to analyze the synthesized 2-(2-arylaminomethylphenoxy)pyrimidine derivatives, which are a new kind of environmentally benign herbicides and have passed the temporary pesticide registration. The identification of main product and impurities has been achieved according to the UV and mass spectra. Moreover, one impurity, introduced by the raw material in the last step of the synthetic route, was identified by GC-MS analysis. It can be concluded that the combination of chromatography and mass spectrometry, including LC-MS and GC-MS, provided a vital tool of the pesticide science. 相似文献
86.
I. L. Davies M. W. Raynor D. J. Urwin K. D. Bartle M. Tolay E. Ekinci H. E. Schwartz 《Journal of separation science》1988,11(11):792-799
This work describes the analysis of a pyrolysis product of a lignite sample obtained from the Turkish Goynuk reserve. The aliphatic, aromatic and polar compounds present in the tar are separated and identified by various chromatographic techniques: Capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), on-line high performance microbore liquid chromatography/capillary gas chromatography (LC/GC) and capillary supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The suitability of each technique for this particular application is discussed, and semi-quantitative results are presented for the major components detected. 相似文献
87.
Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples using high-performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV and fluorescence detection has been well established. Although most of the PAHs can be detected by these methods, some environmentally important polyaromatic compounds, such as acenaphthylene, do not show fluorescence and can only be determined by UV detection at higher concentrations. A sensitive and selective determination of acenaphthylene, acenaphthene and the six PAHs listed in the TVO, the German drinking water standard, is also possible by amperometric detection following HPLC separation. The method was applied to the determination of PAHs in different water samples after solid-phase extraction (SPE). The efficiency of the amperometric determination was found to be superior to UV detection (λ = 300 nm). 相似文献
88.
实验采用循环伏安法,用镍电极代替铂铑等贵金属电极测定了碱性体系中不同硼氢根离子浓度下的开路电位,得出了研究电极的开路电位(-0.355~-0.280vs.SCE/V)与微量硼氢根离子浓度的对应关系,并用于监测电解偏硼酸钠制备硼氢化钠体系中微量硼氢根离子,同时计算了该方法的误差。结果表明,测量结果的相对标准偏差为2.2%;回收率为98.4%。该法简单、快速,可测定10^-5~10^-3mol/L范围的硼氢根离子浓度。 相似文献
89.
Summary Chirally substituted Si–H-containing polysiloxanes were synthesized, which can be immobilized on small particle silica gel as well as on the smooth surfaces of fused silica capillaries. Immobilization is achieved either by crosslinking or by chemical bonding to the surfaces via silanol groups; both reactions can only be performed by addition of H2PtCl6, which acts as catalyst for hydrosilylation and as stoichiometric reagent for crosslinking. Chiral substituents of systematically varied chemical structure were introduced into the polysiloxanes by hydrosilylation. The mechanism of immobilization was investigated by spectroscopic methods, notably29Si-NMR. Homogenous stationary-phase coatings of variable film thickness and corresponding retentivity can easily be achieved. The enantioselectivity of the phase systems was characterized in dependency on the chemical structure of the chiral selectors attached to the polysiloxane chain of the chiral stationary phases and also in terms of the functional groups introduced into the solutes by derivatisation. 相似文献
90.
Ivan Gutman 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》1989,120(12):1043-1047
Summary The recently proposed statistical method for the calculation of resonance energies in the conjugated circuit theory is tested on the example of polyacenes. It is found that for the estimation of the resonance energy with a 10% average error, the method requires a sample consisting of about 20 (randomly chosen) Kekulé structures. Further increase of the sample size gives no significant gain in the accuracy of the method.
Überprüfung der statistischen Methode in der Konjugierten-Ring-Theorie
Zusammenfassung Die unlängst vorgeschlagene statistische Methode in der Konjugierten-Ring-Theorie (conjugated circuit theory) wird am Beispiel der Polyacene getestet. Es wurde festgestellt, daß für die Abschätzung der Resonanzenergien bei einem mittleren Fehler von 10% für diese Methode ungefähr 20 (willkürlich gewählte) Kekulé-Strukturen nötig sind. Weitere Erhöhung dieser Anzahl bringt keine signifikante Verbesserung der Genauigkeit der Methode.相似文献