全文获取类型
收费全文 | 95462篇 |
免费 | 7950篇 |
国内免费 | 14764篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 59573篇 |
晶体学 | 772篇 |
力学 | 6989篇 |
综合类 | 1485篇 |
数学 | 25363篇 |
物理学 | 23994篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 113篇 |
2023年 | 850篇 |
2022年 | 1729篇 |
2021年 | 2051篇 |
2020年 | 2381篇 |
2019年 | 2394篇 |
2018年 | 2133篇 |
2017年 | 2515篇 |
2016年 | 3105篇 |
2015年 | 2860篇 |
2014年 | 3866篇 |
2013年 | 6982篇 |
2012年 | 4515篇 |
2011年 | 4973篇 |
2010年 | 4268篇 |
2009年 | 5636篇 |
2008年 | 6143篇 |
2007年 | 6375篇 |
2006年 | 6092篇 |
2005年 | 5361篇 |
2004年 | 5045篇 |
2003年 | 4806篇 |
2002年 | 4031篇 |
2001年 | 3269篇 |
2000年 | 3153篇 |
1999年 | 2849篇 |
1998年 | 2688篇 |
1997年 | 2238篇 |
1996年 | 1933篇 |
1995年 | 1787篇 |
1994年 | 1660篇 |
1993年 | 1432篇 |
1992年 | 1379篇 |
1991年 | 993篇 |
1990年 | 805篇 |
1989年 | 701篇 |
1988年 | 639篇 |
1987年 | 481篇 |
1986年 | 397篇 |
1985年 | 470篇 |
1984年 | 461篇 |
1983年 | 228篇 |
1982年 | 357篇 |
1981年 | 412篇 |
1980年 | 307篇 |
1979年 | 294篇 |
1978年 | 221篇 |
1977年 | 207篇 |
1976年 | 157篇 |
1974年 | 111篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 156 毫秒
91.
以金属钇和异丙醇为原料,以HgCl2/I2为复合催化剂,通过对金属钇的机械加工以增加其比表面,并将异丙醇脱水使其含水量降低至0.05%,体系在82℃回流5h,经过滤、减压蒸馏,得到了白色海绵状异丙醇钇,其产率高达83%,合成时间比文献报道的缩短了19h,产率提高了8%。文章确定了催化剂的最佳用量为20gY加入60mg HgCl2/I2,研究了合成产率与HgCl2/I2催化剂和HgCl2催化剂的依赖关系及异丙醇中含水量对合成产率的影响,并对HgCl2/I2的催化作用机理进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
92.
一类机器人系统的最优控制 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
王辉 《数学的实践与认识》2002,32(3):455-459
本文通过把结构阻尼系数当作控制变量来讨论一类弹性机器人系统的最优控制问题 ,并利用Banach空间几何性质证明了最优控制元的存在唯一性 相似文献
93.
理想气体在热力学中的作用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
指出热力学理论是普遍的,不依赖于理想气体.理想气体为热力学理论提供了一个简单的实例,为测量热力学温度提供了一种简单的温度计. 相似文献
94.
(S)-2-[2-(p-Tolylsulfinyl)phenyl]acetaldehyde reacts with different O-silylated ketenethioacetals in the presence of Yb(OTf)3 yielding β-hydroxythioesters in high yields and diastereoselectivities. The obtained compounds were readily transformed into β-hydroxyacids and their corresponding diols. These Mukaiyama aldol reactions are a direct evidence of the ability of the sulfinyl group to control 1,5- and 1,6-asymmetric induction processes. 相似文献
95.
Non-stoichiometric ternary chalcogenides (Zn,Fe)S were prepared in the film form by pyrolytic spray deposition technique, using air/nitrogen as the carrier gas. The precursor solution comprised of ZnCl2, FeCl2 and thiourea. The depositions were carried out under optimum conditions of experimental parameters viz. carrier gas (air/nitrogen) flow rate, concentration of precursor constituents, nozzle substrate distance and temperature of quartz substrate. The deposited thin films were later sintered in argon at 1073 K for 120 min.The structural, compositional and optical properties of the sintered thin films were studied. X-ray diffraction studies of the thin films indicated the presence of (Zn,Fe)S solid solution with prominent cubic sphalerite phase while surface morphology as determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a granular structure.The chemical composition of the resulting thin films as analyzed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) reflected the composition of the precursor solutions from which the depositions were carried out with Fe at% values ranging from 0.4 up to 33.SEM micrographs of thin films reveal that the grain sizes of the thin films prepared using air as carrier gas and N2 as carrier gas are in the vicinity of 300 and 150 nm, respectively.The diffuse transmittance measurements for thin films, as a function of wavelength reveal the dependence of direct optical band gap on Fe content and type of phase. 相似文献
96.
We consider the problem of maximizing a linear fractional function on the Pareto efficient frontier of two other linear fractional functions. We present a finite pivoting-type algorithm that solves the maximization problem while computing simultaneously the efficient frontier. Application to multistage efficiency analysis is discussed. An example demonstrating the computational procedure is included. 相似文献
97.
Franz H. Asthalter T. Dommach M. Ehnes A. Messel K. Sergueev I. 《Hyperfine Interactions》2002,141(1-4):131-134
The present status of the new nuclear resonance beamline PETRA 1 at HASYLAB, DESY, Hamburg is described. Besides an overview
of the experimental setup some examples of recent experiments are given. Those cover the main applications, i.e., inelastic
scattering from iron alloys and quasielastic scattering from glass-forming liquids.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
98.
We obtain a solution of the DGLAP equation for the gluon at low x first by expanding the gluon in a Taylor series and then using the method of characteristics. We test its validity by comparing
it with that of Glück, Reya and Vogt. The convergence criteria of the approximation used are also discussed. We also calculate
εF
2(x,Q)2/ε In Q
2 using its approximate relations with the gluon distribution at low x. The predictions are then compared with the HERA data. 相似文献
99.
溴酸钾-亚甲蓝催化光度法测定硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:15
用镉柱将NO-3 还原为NO-2 ,利用在磷酸介质中NO-2 对溴酸钾氧化亚甲蓝这一褪色反应具有强烈的催化作用而建立了同时测定痕量硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的新方法。本方法简便、快速、灵敏 ,对亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐测定的线性范围分别为 0~ 2 0 0 μg·L-1和 0 0 0 3~ 310 μg·L-1,用于测定各种水样中痕量NO-2 和NO-3 的含量均获得满意结果 相似文献
100.
Q. Sun Q. Wang X.G. Gong V. Kumar Y. Kawazoe 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2002,18(1):77-81
We report results of the atomic and electronic structures of Al7C cluster using ab initio molecular dynamics with ultrasoft pseudopotentials and generalized gradient approximation. The lowest energy structure is
found to be the one in which carbon atom occupies an interstitial position in Al7 cluster. The electronic structure shows that the recent observation [Chem. Phys. Lett. 316, 31 (2000)] of magic behavior of Al7C- cluster is due to a large highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) gap which makes Al7C- chemically inert. These results have further led us to the finding of a new neutral magic cluster Al7N which has the same number of valence electrons as in Al7C- and a large HOMO-LUMO gap of 1.99 eV. Further, calculations have been carried out on (Al7N)2 to study interaction between magic clusters.
Received 28 July 2001 相似文献