测量不确定度的研究和应用进展

综述了测量不确定度在国内外的研究及应用的进展，发现测量不确定度是现代误差理论的重要内容，是定量描述测量结果质量的重要指标。目前由ISO等七个国际组织提出的GUM(测量不确定度表述导则)已被各国广泛接受，国内外已有大量关于不确定度应用的文献。除GUM外，还存在其它几种不确定度评定模型。我国虽然对GUM存在重大疑义，并向有关国际组织提出了一些建设性的意见，但在方法的执行上目前仍然与国际社会保持了对GUM的一致态度。     

氨基安替比林分子原位烙印柱的制备及其水中结合性质的研究

实验采用原位聚合法以甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,偶氮二异丁扉(AIBN)为引发剂,正十二醇和甲苯为致孔剂直接在液相色谱柱中制备了氨基安替比林分子烙印柱．讨论了模板分子及其类似物在有机相和水相中的色谱行为及作用机理．实验表明,在水相中烙印柱具有很强的保留性能,氨基安替比林的保留因子可达到94．41．结果认为离子作用和疏水作用是使得氨基安替比林及类似物具有很强的保留性的重要原因,为研究模板聚合物的结合特性,采用前流分析法分别测定了氨基安替比林、氨基比林和安替比林在烙印柱上的吸附等温线．实验表明,分子烙印聚合物对烙印分子表现了较高的选择性,这和通过比较各物质在分子烙印柱和空白柱上保留因子所获得的结果一致．     

近两年国内气相色谱的应用进展(Ⅱ)

对近两年国内各个领域的学者在气相色谱方面的研究和应用作了综述,本综述分3部分叙述,本篇为第Ⅱ部分,包括：5．中药中有效成分的气相色谱分析。6．西药的气相色谱分析。7．气相色谱在食品中有害物质分析的应用。     

A NOVEL ZWITTERIONIC SILANE COUPLING AGENT FOR NONTHROMBOGENIC BIOMATERIALS

A novel silane coupling agent bearing sulfobetaine group, N,N-diethyl-N-（3-sulfopropyl）-aminopropyl- trimethoxysilane （DESATS）, was first designed, synthesized and characterized. Its solution property was studied by means of dynamic light scattering. DESATS was successfully bonded onto the surface of the glass and proved by ESCA. Platelet adhesion assay in vitro indicated that the nonthrombogenicity of glass slide modified with DESATS is greatly improved.     

Fe3+掺杂TiO2光催化降解聚乙烯薄膜的研究

以快速溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米TiO₂光催化剂，并用Fe³⁺对其掺杂改性，在室温条件下, 用于固相光催化降解聚乙烯(PE)包装薄膜的研究. 对催化剂和薄膜进行了X衍射分析(XRD)、傅立叶红外光谱分析(FT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)形貌观察. 结果表明， 60 W紫外光辐射240 h后， PE失重为8.43%, 锐钛矿型纳米TiO₂光催化剂使PE失重30.66%；用Fe³⁺掺杂后，0.5%Fe₂O3/TiO₂、1.0%Fe₂O₃/TiO₂和2.0%Fe₂O3/TiO₂分别使PE失重35.91%、20.72%和13.30%. 光催化剂加速了PE的失重，碳链的断裂和光氧化腐蚀，在薄膜表面形成大量的坑洞，降解产物中的小分子量的石蜡含量明显增高. Fe³⁺掺杂有一个最佳量， 0.5%Fe₂O3/TiO₂光催化降解PE的活性最高.     

The effect of H2S concentration on the corrosion behavior of API 5L X-70 steel

This work presents electrochemical data measured during the corrosion of API 5L X-70 pipeline steel immersed in aqueous environments containing dissolved H₂S. Three different electrolyte were used: a 3 wt% NaCl solution containing 100, 650 and 2,550 ppm of H₂S respectively. The corrosion of steel is described by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical data obtained from the steel monitoring are presented in terms of Nyquist plots. The influence of the total H₂S concentration as well as the effect of temperature on the corrosion of API 5L X-70 steel were also studied. In the presence of H₂S the R_ct values decrease as the H₂S concentration increases.     

Regioselectivity Study on Propylene Polymerization Catalyzed by Neutral Salicyladiminato Pd（Ⅱ） Model Complex with DFT Method

Many attempts have been made to control the regioselectivity for olefin polymerization by varying the structures of ligands in catalysts. The regioselectivity of propylene polymerization was investigated by replacing a nitrogen atom in the Pd(Ⅱ) diimine catalyst with an oxygen atom from density functional theory method at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ level. The results show that the 1,2-insertion becomes a rival mechanism to the 2,1-insertion when the nitrogen atom is replaced by the oxygen atom leading to an asymmetric environment in the catalyst, and that the steric effect in the asymmetrical catalyst plays an important part in the polymerization. The insertion barrier from 2-O is much higher than that from 2-N. A pyramid transition state was characterized for the catalyst to convert 2-O back to 2-N through internal rotation. The propylene prefers to coordinate at the opposite side of O in the catalyst. This is the driving force for the internal rotation.The results are significant for isotactic and syndiotactic polymerization.     

四元轻稀土硝酸盐水溶液体系{H2O+La(NO3)3+Pr(NO3)3+Nd(NO3)3}的热力学研究

在298.15 K条件下, 利用等压法研究了四元轻稀土硝酸盐水溶液{H2O La(NO3)3 Pr(NO3)3 Nd(NO3)3}及其3个二元亚系{H2O La(NO3)3}, {H2O Pr(NO3)3}和{H2O Nd(NO3)3}的热力学性质. 以NaCl或CaCl2水溶液为参考溶液, 测定了不同水活度条件下该四元溶液的渗透系数及各溶质组元的活度系数. 实验结果表明, 上述四元系与其3个二元亚系之间存在简单共性, 在实验误差允许范围之内(|Δ|≤0.0010), 该四元系符合偏理想溶液模型.     

草酸铜原位催化高氯酸铵热分解的研究

通过TG-DTA-MS联用技术研究了草酸铜对高氯酸铵的催化过程。研究发现,草酸铜分解生成的氧化铜对高氯酸铵有较强的催化作用,添加2%的草酸铜使高氯酸铵的高温分解温度提前112℃。分解的气相产物主要有H2O,NH3,O2,HCl,Cl2,HNO,NO,N2O和NO2。在草酸铜原位分解生成的CuO表面吸附生成氧的过氧化离子(O2-)和氧离子(O-,O2-)是加速AP热分解反应的主要原因。     

二苯甲酰-D-酒石酸分子印迹整体柱的制备及其色谱性能

采用紫外光谱法选择丙烯酰胺为功能单体,以二苯甲酰-D-酒石酸(D-DBTA)为模板分子,丙烯酰胺为功能单体,二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯为交联剂,甲苯和十二醇为混合致孔剂,用原位分子印迹技术,合成了D-DBTA分子印迹整体聚合物。在优化色谱条件的基础上,25min内基本实现了DBTA消旋体的手性分离,分离度达1.25。对色谱分离过程中的热力学进行分析,在所考察的温度范围内,色谱分离存在两种不同的热力学过程,且两者与范特霍夫方程能够很好地吻合。在这两种热力学过程的转换温度处,分离因子α达最大值。