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941.
In this paper the authors generalize the classic random bipartite graph model, and define a model of the random bipartite multigraphs as follows:let m = m(n) be a positive integer-valued function on n and ζ(n,m;{pk}) the probability space consisting of all the labeled bipartite multigraphs with two vertex sets A ={a1,a2,...,an} and B = {b1,b2,...,bm}, in which the numbers tai,bj of the edges between any two vertices ai∈A and bj∈ B are identically distributed independent random variables with distribution P{tai,bj=k}=pk,k=0,1,2,...,where pk ≥0 and ∞Σk=0 pk=1. They obtain that Xc,d,A, the number of vertices in A with degree between c and d of Gn,m∈ζ(n, m;{pk}) has asymptotically Poisson distribution, and answer the following two questions about the space ζ(n,m;{pk}) with {pk} having geometric distribution, binomial distribution and Poisson distribution, respectively. Under which condition for {pk} can there be a function D(n) such that almost every random multigraph Gn,m∈ζ(n,m;{pk}) has maximum degree D(n)in A? under which condition for {pk} has almost every multigraph G(n,m)∈ζ(n,m;{pk}) a unique vertex of maximum degree in A? 相似文献
942.
若干圈的广义冠图的2-强边染色 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文研究了圈的广义冠图CmFn,CmWn,CmCn的2-强边染色(D(2)-点可区别边染色).利用穷染、递推的方法得到了CmFn,CmWn,CmCn的2-强边色数(D(2)-点可区别边色数),并给出一种染色方案,推广了参考文献[6,7]的相应结果. 相似文献
943.
TOPSIS is one of the well-known methods for multiple attribute decision making (MADM). In this paper, we extend the TOPSIS method to solve multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems in interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy environment in which all the preference information provided by the decision-makers is presented as interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy decision matrices where each of the elements is characterized by interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy number (IVIFNs), and the information about attribute weights is partially known. First, we use the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid geometric (IIFHG) operator to aggregate all individual interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy decision matrices provided by the decision-makers into the collective interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy decision matrix, and then we use the score function to calculate the score of each attribute value and construct the score matrix of the collective interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy decision matrix. From the score matrix and the given attribute weight information, we establish an optimization model to determine the weights of attributes, and construct the weighted collective interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy decision matrix, and then determine the interval-valued intuitionistic positive-ideal solution and interval-valued intuitionistic negative-ideal solution. Based on different distance definitions, we calculate the relative closeness of each alternative to the interval-valued intuitionistic positive-ideal solution and rank the alternatives according to the relative closeness to the interval-valued intuitionistic positive-ideal solution and select the most desirable one(s). Finally, an example is used to illustrate the applicability of the proposed approach. 相似文献
944.
Influence of power-law index on transitional Reynolds numbers for flow over a semi-circular cylinder
In this work, the governing partial differential equations (continuity and Cauchy’s momentum equations) describing the flow of power-law type non-Newtonian fluids across a semi-circular cylinder (oriented with its curved surface in the upstream direction) have been solved numerically. In particular, consideration has been given to the delineation of the critical Reynolds numbers denoting the onset of flow separation from the surface of the cylinder and the onset of the laminar vortex shedding regime. This information is germane to establish the scaling of the macroscopic characteristics like drag coefficient and Strouhal number on the governing parameters, namely, Reynolds number and power-law index. The present results clearly suggest that the transitional Reynolds numbers show a strong dependence on the type (shear-thinning and shear-thickening) of fluid behavior as well as on the severity of the shear-dependence of the viscosity. With reference to the behavior seen in Newtonian fluids, the flow remains not only attached to the surface up to higher Reynolds numbers, but shear-thinning behavior also delays the onset of the laminar vortex shedding regime. As expected, shear-thickening fluids, of course, display the opposite characteristics. 相似文献
945.
Let brk(C4;Kn, n) be the smallest N such that if all edges of KN, N are colored by k + 1 colors, then there is a monochromatic C4 in one of the first k colors or a monochromatic Kn, n in the last color. It is shown that brk(C4;Kn, n) = Θ(n2/log2n) for k?3, and br2(C4;Kn, n)≥c(n n/log2n)2 for large n. The main part of the proof is an algorithm to bound the number of large Kn, n in quasi‐random graphs. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 67: 47‐54, 2011 相似文献
946.
István Faragó Róbert Horváth Sergey Korotov 《Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations》2011,27(3):702-720
In this article, we derive and discuss sufficient conditions for providing validity of the discrete maximum principle for nonstationary diffusion‐reaction problems with mixed boundary conditions, solved by means of simplicial finite elements and the θ time discretization method. The theoretical analysis is supported by numerical experiments. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2011 相似文献
947.
We propose the notion of extended parametric fuzzy number, which generalizes the extended trapezoidal fuzzy number and parametric fuzzy number, discussed in some recent papers. The metric properties of the nearest extended parametric fuzzy number of a fuzzy number, proved in the present article, help us to obtain the property of continuity for the parametric approximation operator and to simplify the solving of the problems of parametric approximations under conditions. 相似文献
948.
Abstract Fishing leads to truncation of a population's age and size structure. However, large‐sized fish are usually more valuable per unit weight than small ones. Nevertheless, these size‐related factors have mostly been ignored in bioeconomic modeling. Here, we present a simple extension to the Gordon–Schaefer model that accounts for variations in mean individual catch weight, and derive the feedback rule for optimal harvest in this setting. As the Gordon–Schaefer model has no population structure, size effects have to be accounted for indirectly. Here we assume a simple negative relationship between fishing effort and mean individual weight, and a positive relationship between mean catch weight and price. The aim is to emulate alterations of size structure in fish populations due to fishing and the influence of size on price per weight unit and eventually, net revenues. This demonstrates, on a general level, how such size‐dependent effects change the patterns of optimal harvest paths and sustainable revenue in single fish stocks. The model shows clear shifts toward lower levels of optimal effort and yield compared to classical models without size effects. This suggests that ignoring body size could lead to misleading assumptions and policies, potentially causing rent dissipation and suboptimal utilization of renewable resources. 相似文献
949.
950.
利用广义高阶Bernoulli数的性质及Dirichlet L-函数的均值定理,研究了Gauss和及广义Kloosterman和与广义高阶Bernoulli数的均值性质,并给出两个有趣的渐近公式. 相似文献