多巴胺用量对Fe3O4@PDA@PAMAM磁性纳米吸附材料的微观结构及吸附性能的影响

以自制的Fe3O4磁性纳米材料为核,多巴胺(DA)为表面修饰剂,成功地将2.0 G聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)树状大分子接枝在Fe3O4磁核表面,制备出了一系列不同DA含量的Fe3O4@PDA@PAMAM磁性纳米吸附材料。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、红外光谱仪(IR)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)等分析测试手段对材料组成、微观结构、磁性能和对重金属Cd(Ⅱ)离子的吸附性能进行了测试和表征。研究了修饰剂DA用量对Fe3O4@PDA@PAMAM磁性纳米吸附材料的相组成、微观结构、磁性能和吸附性能的影响。实验结果表明,Fe3O4@PDA@PAMAM磁性纳米吸附材料均呈典型的核-壳结构,材料晶型均呈现尖晶石结构,且壳层厚度随DA用量增加而增厚;材料的饱和磁化强度(Ms)均比Fe3O4的小,且随着DA用量的增加而降低,并且材料的矫顽力(Hc)和剩余磁化强度(Mr)均较低,其磁响应特性适合于做为可回收磁性纳米吸附材料。材料对Cd(Ⅱ)离子的平衡吸附容量随着DA用量的增加呈先增加后减小趋势。当Fe3O4和DA的质量比为8∶4时,吸附剂对Cd(Ⅱ)离子的吸附容量达到最大值165.13 mg·g^-1。     

具有慢磁驰豫和发光性质的基于多胺酚配体的Dy(Ⅲ)和Zn/Ni-Dy(Ⅲ)配合物

合成了4个新的基于多胺酚配体的Dy(Ⅲ)和Zn/Ni-Dy(Ⅲ)配合物:[Dy(CH_3OCH3)L](1),[Dy2(μ-H2O)L2](2),[Zn2DyL2]ClO4·H2O(3)和[Ni2DyL2]ClO4·H2O (4)(H3L=N,N′,N″-三(3,5-二甲基-2-羟基苯酚)-1,4,7-三氮杂环壬烷)。X射线单晶衍射分析表明,配合物1和2分别为单核和双核Dy(Ⅲ)配合物,3和4为M-Dy(Ⅲ)-M三核配合物(M=Zn (3),Ni (4))。磁性测试表明,配合物1和2具有场诱导的慢磁弛豫行为,且2具有多个磁弛豫过程,配合物3和4中没有观察到明显的慢磁弛豫行为。荧光测试表明,配合物1~3具有Dy(Ⅲ)离子典型的窄带特征发射,由于Ni(Ⅱ)离子的荧光猝灭作用,配合物4没有明显的荧光产生。     

基于锌(Ⅱ)Schiff碱构筑模块和6-羧基吡啶-2-甲醇的3d-4f异金属四核簇合物的荧光和磁弛豫性质

用溶剂热方法合成了2个新的3d-4f异金属四核簇合物：[Zn₂Ln₂（salen）₂（CO₂PyCH₂O）₂（MeOH）2]（ClO₄）₂·2MeOH（Ln=Dy（1）,Tb（2）;H₂salen=N,N'-双（3-甲氧基水杨基）-1,3-二氨基丙烷;HCO₂PyCH₂OH=6-羧基吡啶-2-甲醇）。它们是由锌（Ⅱ）Schiff碱构筑模块和6-羧基吡啶-2-甲醇辅助配体组装而成的Zn-Ln₂-Zn型簇合物。磁性测量表明稀土离子间存在铁磁性相互作用。Zn₂Dy₂配合物1在2 000 Oe直流磁场下显示出磁弛豫行为;而Zn₂Tb₂配合物2不但有磁场导致的磁弛豫行为,而且还具有荧光性质。     

A novel off-on fluorescent probe for specific detection and imaging of cysteine in live cells and in vivo

Cysteine(Cys)plays a pivotal role in many physiological and pathological processes,including detoxification and protein synthesis.The abnormal levels of Cys are linked to many diseases.In this study,a novel red-emitting off-on fluorescent probe Cys-TCF was masterly constructed for discriminative detection of Cys.After a series of experimental assessment,Cys-TCF displayed higher selectivity and sensitivity for Cys over other biothilols with a low detection limit(0.04μmol/L).More notably,the probe was also successfully applied to image Cys in live cells and live zebrafishes with low cytotoxicity.     

Conjugated polymer nanoparticles as fluorescence switch for selective cell imaging

Fluorescence switch plays a vital role in bioelectronics and bioimaging.Herein,we presented a new kind of facile electrostatic complex nanoparticles(ECNs)for fluorescence switching in cells and marking of individual cell.The ECNs were prepared by mixing positively charged poly(6-(2-(thiophen-3-yl)ethoxy)hexyl trimethylammonium bromide)(PT)and negatively charged diarylethene sodium salt(DAECOONa).DAE-COONa is a photoswitchable molecule which can be transformed between the ring-closed fo rm and ring-open form under the irradiation of UV or visible light.The closed-form of DAE-COONa can efficie ntly quench the fluorescence of PT through intermolecular energy transfer,while the open form of DAE-COONa does not influence the emission of PT.Thus,the fluorescence of ECNs can be modulated by light irradiation,and the ECNs with good fluorescence switching performance have been employed for fluorescence imaging and individual cell lighting up process successfully.We demonstrate that the electrostatic complex strategy provides a facile method to construct fluorescence switch fo r selective cell marking and imaging applications.     

A time-dependent density functional study on optical response in all-inorganic lead-halide perovskite nanostructures

Recently, all-inorganic perovskite nanostructures have become a hot research topic due to their unique optical response and novel properties. Here, we theoretically study the optical response in Cs₂PbX₄ and CsPb₂X₅ (X = Cl, Br, and I) nanostructures. First, to study the ground state, we calculate the band structures of the periodic system using the HSE06 method, which shows that all those periodic perovskites possess the direct band gaps, with distribution from 2.225 to 3.536 eV. Their valence band maximum are mainly contributed from both halogen and lead atoms, while the conduction band minimum are mainly contributed from lead atoms. Then, we study the excited state using the time-dependent density functional theory method and find that, with the increase of halogen atom radius, the photogenerated carrier concentrations in perovskite nanostructures become larger, while the surface plasmon resonance becomes localized rather than long-range. Moreover, through the analysis of photocurrent and local field enhancement, Cs₂PbX₄ and CsPb₂X₅ nanostructures exhibit nearly 40 μA photocurrent along the direction of optical polarization. Besides, by regulating the different anions, we predict that field enhancement in Cs₂PbI₄ and CsPb₂I₅ share a much stronger distribution at both the center and border parts of Pb-I planes due to localized plasmon resonance, while other perovskites are distributed at the edge parts of Pb-I planes, caused by long-range plasmon resonance. Our research shows that all-inorganic perovskite nanostructures are great candidate materials for developing optoelectronic devices working in high-frequency and high-energy regions and improving their application in sensitive detection and sensors.     

一种基于分子内质子转移发色团的硫化氢荧光探针的合成及其生物成像研究

硫化氢在许多生理过程中扮演十分重要的角色,因此检测和成像生物体内的硫化氢具有十分重要的意义。该研究成功制备了一种基于分子内质子转移发色团的硫化氢荧光探针(DHCD)。在PBS-DMSO(磷酸盐-二甲基亚砜,99∶1,体积比,pH 7.45)缓冲溶液中,DHCD的荧光强度与NaHS的浓度在0～10μmol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,检出限为0.84μmol/L。该探针对硫化氢的响应具有较大的Stokes位移(～165 nm)、高灵敏度和选择性。此外,合成的探针拥有良好的细胞渗透性和低的毒性,可用于HeLa细胞中硫化氢的荧光成像,在生物分析中具有潜在应用价值。     

二维磁性纳米材料的可控合成及磁性调控

自旋电子学的研究重点在于同时利用电子的电荷和自旋两个自由度对信息进行处理和存储,其具有运行速度快、存储密度高和能耗低等优势。毫无疑问,发展二维磁性纳米材料的可控合成方法及磁性调控策略,对于新型自旋电子学器件的构筑具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。然而,目前得到的二维磁性纳米材料的种类十分有限,而且合成方法及磁性调控手段相对单一,极大地限制了该领域的发展。本文首先根据磁性的来源,对二维磁性纳米材料进行了分类,介绍了诱导产生的磁性和具有本征磁性的二维纳米材料,然后详细地归纳了二维磁性纳米材料常见的合成方法,如机械剥离法、电化学剥离法、化学气相沉积法以及液相合成方法等。此外,着重总结了二维材料磁性的主要调控手段,最后展望了该领域遇到的瓶颈、未来的研究重点及应用前景。     

CRISPR-Cas System for RNA Detection and Imaging

The system of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)and CRISPR-associated endonucleases(Cas)have been widely used in gene editing,disease treatment,molecular diagnosis and chromosome imaging.On account of the programmable target recognition of CRISPR-Cas system and the specific targeting function toward RNA of type Ⅵ class Ⅱ Cas proteins,CRISPR-Cas system has been deployed as RNA recognition and detection tools,exhibiting promising application potentials in the field of RNA detection and imaging.In this review,we summarize the latest research progresses as well as development prospects of CRISPR-Cas system in RNA diagnosis and live cell RNA imaging.     

Autocatalytic polymerization of selenium/polypyrrole nanocomposites as functional theranostic agents for multi-spectral photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy of tumor

The synchronization of diagnosis and treatment is a new trend in cancer treatment. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and photothermal therapy (PTT) are recognized as one of the perfect combinations. The autocatalytic polymerization of selenium/polypyrrole (Se@PPy) nanocomposites with a wide-absorption band at near-infrared region (NIR, 800 nm) has been developed in this paper. The wide optical absorption characteristics enable Se@PPy nanocomposites to achieve multi-spectral PAI. Ex vivo experiments show desirable photoacoustic ability of the Se@PPy nanocomposites at wavelengths ranging from 700 nm to 900 nm, which is better than that of commercial indocyanine green (ICG). Se@PPy nanocomposites have high photothermal conversion efficiency up to 36.3% as well as excellent photo-thermal stability. In vitro cytotoxicity test demonstrates that the Se@PPy nanocomposites have good bio-safety. Furthermore, the feasibility of Se@PPy nanocomposites for enhancing multi-spectral PAI guided PTT was verified on 4T1 tumor-bearing nude mice. Our results indicate that Se@PPy nanocomposites could be used as an effective theranostic agent for near-infrared light-mediated PAI and PTT of tumor.