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961.
Naoki Fujita Takayuki Makino Yasuhiro Sakoishi Katsuya Asano Masanobu Kusunoki 《Crystal Research and Technology》2016,51(3):215-219
The relation between O2 pressure and composition in the pulsed‐laser deposition of fluoroapatite was investigated using both on‐axis and off‐axis methods to determine the optimal conditions for obtaining a pure fluoroapatite film without OH groups. Through this, it was found that an O2 pressure of 10 Pa, combined with an off‐axis method, results in P/Ca and F/Ca values (0.6 and 0.2, respectively) that match closely with a stoichiometric composition of Ca10(PO4)6F2. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed that this optimized film was almost pure fluoroapatite, with no evidence of any OH groups originating from hydroxyapatite. X‐ray diffraction also revealed that this fluoroapatite film crystallizes with a c‐axis orientation perpendicular to its surface. 相似文献
962.
Yamin Feng Jinghua Chen Xintang Huang Weifeng Liu Yu Zhu Wei Qin Xiaoyuan Mo 《Crystal Research and Technology》2016,51(10):548-553
A dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on ZnO/TiO2 composite nanorods (NRs) photoanode is fabricated. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the ZnO/TiO2 composite NRs film DSSC is 4.36%, which is obviously higher than that of DSSCs based on pure TiO2 NRs (0.6%) and ZnO NRs (3.10%). The enhanced performance of ZnO/TiO2 composite NRs film DSSC can be attributed to the combined effects of ZnO and TiO2 NRs. In this architecture, the thick ZnO NRs overlayer offers a large surface area for enough dye absorption, while the thin TiO2 NRs underlayer not only offers a direct and quick pathway for photoinjected electron transfer along the photoanode but also acts as a blocking layer, which effectively hinders the direct contact between the substrate and the electrolyte resulting in lower carrier recombination. 相似文献
963.
Here, the synthesis, characterization, and volatile organic compound (VOCs) sensing of a 1,3-dimethyl polyphenylene vinylene polymer is reported. The synthesis was performed by a Witting condensation through the reaction of 1,4-terphthaldehyde with the phosphonium chloride of meta-xylene. The material was characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analyses. Thin films of the polymer were prepared by spin coating at speeds from 1000 to 5000?rpm. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance were used to characterize the spin-coated films. The thicknesses of the films were estimated by fitting the curves and were between 4.5 and 24.5?nm depending on the speed. The refractive index of the new polymer was 1.72. The polymer spin-coated films were exposed to volatile organic vapors to characterize their sensing properties by surface plasmon resonance as a function of time. The results showed that the new material responded rapidly, sensitively, and reversibly to VOCs. 相似文献
964.
Morphological change of crystalline polymer films by annealing: substrate‐ and heating/cooling‐rate‐dependent surface roughness 下载免费PDF全文
Yuki Uto Keisuke Mizobata Sandeep Kumar Maurya Tsuyoshi Akiyama Takashi Nakajima 《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2017,49(7):577-583
We study the morphological change of crystalline polymer films by annealing using atomic force microscope, X‐ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. As typical samples, we employ high‐density and low‐density polyethylene films prepared by the cast method. After annealing at 135 °C for 4 h, the surface roughness of polyethylene films by the atomic force microscope significantly increases, and the crystallite size by the X‐ray diffraction also shows some increase, while the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum hardly exhibits any change. This can be well explained as a result of the growth of crystal structure by recrystallization during annealing. More interestingly, we find that the choice of the substrate and also the heating/cooling rates for annealing significantly influences the surface roughness of the films. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
965.
基于偶氮二甲酰胺在热溶液中的高溶解度及其与Nafion膜电极的静电作用,建立了偶氮二甲酰胺的电化学分析法.考察了偶氮二甲酰胺溶解度的温度效应,研究了偶氮二甲酰胺在Nafion膜电极上还原反应的机理.利用热溶液中偶氮二甲酰胺在Nafion膜电极上的伏安响应,用差分脉冲伏安法测定了面粉中的偶氮二甲酰胺含量.在水浴恒温80℃、pH 6.0的实验条件和优化的测试参数下,Nafion膜电极的电流响应与偶氮二甲酰胺的浓度在0.93~ 10.5 μg/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为0.58 μg/L(S/N=3),对实际样品测定的相对标准偏差小于5.9%,回收率为95.8% ~ 104.0%,氨基脲和呋喃西林不干扰偶氮二甲酰胺的测定. 相似文献
966.
967.
968.
薄膜润滑中的应力偶效应 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
利用应力偶理论计算了薄膜润滑的膜厚特性.计算结果表明:应力偶的作用相当于增加润滑剂粘度,其可以增加油膜厚度,提高承载能力;同时应力偶作用依赖于油膜尺寸,润滑油膜越低,其影响越明显. 相似文献
969.
M. Sakairi T. Kikuchi T. Suda D. Nagasawa M. Sato 《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2010,42(4):215-220
X‐ray diffraction measurements were performed using synchrotron radiation at the SPring‐8 facility and electrochemical techniques to investigate the effect of polishing methods and storage conditions on the crystal structure of air‐formed oxide films and anodic oxide films formed on highly pure aluminum. Storage in an N2 environment hinders local film breakdown during anodizing, and it was established that the X‐ray diffraction measurements showed the presence of a γ‐Al2O3 in the anodic oxide film formed on mechanically polished (MP) specimens. Formation of γ‐Al2O3 during anodizing was inhibited by electropolishing because of the removal of the work‐hardened layer that was formed on the MP by electro‐polishing. The X‐ray diffraction results do not show clear differences in the influence of the polishing method on the crystal structure of air formed oxide film. This is due to the very fast oxidation rate of the air‐formed oxide film and very long storage times for the X‐ray measurements. The anodic oxide film formed on aluminum, which has a very flat surface, shows color and the color depended on grain orientation. The electrochemical impedance of the MP specimen is slightly lower than that of the mechanically and then electrochemically polished specimen at the middle frequency range. This impedance difference may be due to formation of γ‐Al2O3 in the amorphous anodic oxide film and the thickness of the film. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
970.
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films were successfully coated with tin oxide in aqueous solutions. Tin oxide was crystallized in the solution and formed nanocrystal coatings on the polymer films. The coatings consisted of SnO2 and SnO crystals. They were assemblies of tin oxide nanosheet of about 10 to 50 nm in size and about 5 nm in thickness. The nanocrystal films can be exfoliated from the PTFE substrates. Tin oxide nanocrystal films had a rough liquid surface and a dense substrate‐side surface. Transparency of PTFE films coated with tin oxide was same as that of bare PTFE films in the range from 400 to 800 nm. The PTFE films coated with tin oxide nanocrystals can be pasted on desired substrates. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献