992.
We develop a notion of an
n-fold monoidal category and show that it corresponds in a precise way to the notion of an
n-fold loop space. Specifically, the group completion of the nerve of such a category is an
n-fold loop space, and free
n-fold monoidal categories give rise to a finite simplicial operad of the same homotopy type as the classical little cubes operad used to parametrize the higher
H-space structure of an
n-fold loop space. We also show directly that this operad has the same homotopy type as the
n-th Smith filtration of the Barratt-Eccles operad and the
n-th filtration of Berger's complete graph operad. Moreover, this operad contains an equivalent preoperad which gives rise to Milgram's small model for when
n=2 and is very closely related to Milgram's model of for
n>2.
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