LGCCT: A Light Gated and Crossed Complementation Transformer for Multimodal Speech Emotion Recognition

Semantic-rich speech emotion recognition has a high degree of popularity in a range of areas. Speech emotion recognition aims to recognize human emotional states from utterances containing both acoustic and linguistic information. Since both textual and audio patterns play essential roles in speech emotion recognition (SER) tasks, various works have proposed novel modality fusing methods to exploit text and audio signals effectively. However, most of the high performance of existing models is dependent on a great number of learnable parameters, and they can only work well on data with fixed length. Therefore, minimizing computational overhead and improving generalization to unseen data with various lengths while maintaining a certain level of recognition accuracy is an urgent application problem. In this paper, we propose LGCCT, a light gated and crossed complementation transformer for multimodal speech emotion recognition. First, our model is capable of fusing modality information efficiently. Specifically, the acoustic features are extracted by CNN-BiLSTM while the textual features are extracted by BiLSTM. The modality-fused representation is then generated by the cross-attention module. We apply the gate-control mechanism to achieve the balanced integration of the original modality representation and the modality-fused representation. Second, the degree of attention focus can be considered, as the uncertainty and the entropy of the same token should converge to the same value independent of the length. To improve the generalization of the model to various testing-sequence lengths, we adopt the length-scaled dot product to calculate the attention score, which can be interpreted from a theoretical view of entropy. The operation of the length-scaled dot product is cheap but effective. Experiments are conducted on the benchmark dataset CMU-MOSEI. Compared to the baseline models, our model achieves an 81.0% F1 score with only 0.432 M parameters, showing an improvement in the balance between performance and the number of parameters. Moreover, the ablation study signifies the effectiveness of our model and its scalability to various input-sequence lengths, wherein the relative improvement is almost 20% of the baseline without a length-scaled dot product.     

Fe/nanoporous carbon hybrid derived from metal–organic framework for highly effective microwave absorption

A novel Fe/nanoporous carbon (Fe/NPC) composite was synthesized via Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles coating in metal–organic framework. The pyrolysis conditions are carefully optimized, and the effects of pyrolysis temperature on electromagnetic parameters have been systematically analyzed. Among these candidates, the Fe/NPC composite pyrolyzed at 800 °C (Fe/NPC‐800) shows the eminent microwave absorption due to interface polarization and well matched characteristic impedance. The results indicate that the effective reflection loss absorption bandwidth of Fe/NPC‐800 reaches 5.6 GHz (12.4–18 GHz) with a thickness of 1.8 mm. It provides an exciting clue for the fabrication of lightweight and highly effective microwave absorbers in the future.     

高强方钢管轻骨料混凝土桁架加劲搭接K形节点承载力研究

对高强方钢管轻骨料混凝土桁架加劲搭接K形节点和基本型节点进行主管轴压静力加载试验, 考察了支管搭接率和加劲板构造对节点受力性能的影响. 试验结果表明: 节点的破坏模式为支管根部侧面搭接焊缝开裂; 支管搭接率过大或过小均会降低搭接K形节点承载力; 加劲节点的屈服荷载和极限荷载较基本型节点分别提高6.5％和12.0％. 同时, 对高强方钢管轻骨料混凝土桁架加劲搭接K形节点进行了数值模拟、热点应力场演化分析和破坏机理探究, 推导了极限承载力计算式. 通过与节点试验结果对比, 验证了该计算式的精度.     

φ1.8m轻质镜能动磨盘技术抛光的柔性限位支撑设计仿真与优化分析

大口径轻质反射镜采用柔性支撑结构可以降低外界力载荷、惯性载荷及热载荷的负作用,从而保证光学系统的成像质量。为消除加工、检测与系统装调过程的定位误差,研究了应用于计算机控制能动磨盘加工(CCAL)技术抛光的柔性限位支撑模型。利用有限元分析软件(Ansys),分析φ1.8m轻质镜采用柔性限位支撑时,CCAL技术抛光引起轻质镜的最大倾斜量、最大主应力以及主镜面变化范围,对支撑盘的口径及位置进行了优化设计,模拟仿真18点弹簧在不同压缩量下的镜面变形。仿真分析结果表明,柔性限位支撑的结构刚度、轻质镜底板倾斜量满足能动磨盘加工条件,最大主应力强度远小于主镜的许用应力,主镜面变形符合加工要求。     

中国高速列车研发与展望

十几年来, 以高速列车为代表的高速铁路装备在长期技术积累和自主研发的基础上,经过引进消化吸收再创新、自主提升创新、全面创新和持续创新,成功研制了多代先进的高速列车产品. 通过不断的技术创新,突破了高速列车系列关键技术, 形成了自主研发能力,不断提升高速列车的安全性、可靠性、经济性、环保性及智能化.我国高速列车的运行速度、综合舒适度、安全性、可靠性、节能环保等各项综合性能指标优良,部分指标达到国际领先水平.论文系统回顾了我国和谐号动车组、复兴号动车组、城际动车组、前沿动车组产品的发展成就及主要技术突破,分析了高速列车研发过程中面临的复杂环境适应性、大系统复杂耦合作用、安全可靠设计、智能化应用等关键技术挑战,系统概述了高速列车故障预测与健康管理技术、车体轻量化技术、被动安全防护技术、碳纤维复合材料应用、气动外形设计技术、高速转向架技术、噪声控制技术、牵引制动技术等关键技术的研究进展及主要技术突破, 并展望了高速列车动力学技术、结构安全技术、被动安全防护技术、流固耦合技术、牵引制动技术、智能控制安全技术、故障预测与健康管理技术、综合节能技术等关键技术的未来发展方向.      

Sustainability performance of polyethylene terephthalate,clarifying challenges and opportunities

Publications on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) continue to increase including the number of publications on recycling. PET is a versatile material with the ability to be remade from its polymer state through mechanical recycling and even back to its original monomer through advanced recycling. The scale of PET's use affords continued research and applications in improved recycling. Publications on new uses of discarded PET and the ability to clean and convert it into many forms including alternative materials are expanding with an attempt to complete circular use or improve the end of life. As indicated in life cycle assessment studies, increases in recycling lower the energy required to manufacture products. The future for PET will reduce energy demands further with the largest breakthroughs in recycling technologies and bio-sourced resins trending toward zero energy and carbon negative solutions. Opportunities remain for improvement in the use of PET with light weighting. The testing of new resins, development of bio-feedstocks, improvements in engineering, processing, recycling, and design continue to provide benefits. This review provides context for these developments.     

车载LNG储罐加强筋结构轻量化技术研究

轻量化是目前车载储罐研究发展的重点方向之一.针对车载储罐外简体角钢加强筋强化结构,通过正交设计和matlab软件对原有角钢结构的短边宽,长边宽和边厚进行了优化分析.同时,对车载LNG储罐整体进行三维建模,对储罐外简体的角钢加强筋的分布进行重新排布.结果表明:影响角钢刚度的主要因素是长边宽,在与原有角钢刚度和质量不变的条件下优化出一种新型角钢加强筋结构,其短边宽为32.65mm,长边宽为100mm,边厚为3.6033 mm.原有角钢的短边宽为35 mm,优化后的结果可以使其降低2.35 mm,这样就可以使外简体减少4.7mm的直径.通过对原有角钢排布进行合理设计,使得加强筋的数量优化后可减少2根,外筒体最大应力为142MPa,角钢最大应力为110MPa,均满足角钢和外简体材料的许用应力,且应力分布比优化前更加合理,更有效的发挥了角钢的结构强化作用.同时,减轻了LNG罐车装备重量,可提高营运效率、降低运输成本.     

高含量SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的增摩特性研究

汽车轻量化是当今汽车工业发展的主旋律.针对制动盘的轻量化,研究了SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料与摩擦材料干滑动的摩擦行为,并探讨了其增摩的机理.结果表明:随SiC质量百分数从50%增加到55%,最大静摩擦系数增大了约80%.两对摩擦副的静摩擦系数随压力增大均明显增大,随滑动速度提高则呈先增后减的趋势.干滑动摩擦导致的摩擦表面温度升高造成基体软化,增强相脱落,且使得磨损机理由磨粒磨损向黏着磨损转变,从而严重影响摩擦系数的稳定性.     

光学遥感器轻质反射镜的结构—热优化设计

针对在轻质反射镜结构设计中通常只根据力学性能对镜体结构参数进行优化的现状,提出了对轻质反射镜进行结构 热优化设计的理论与方法。通过建立反射镜体的参数化有限元模型,在保证一定的轻量化率和较小的自重变形的前提下,以减小反射镜体的热变形为优化目标,对镜体结构参数进行二次优化设计,结果表明经过结构 热优化设计的镜体相比于原设计方案,在相同的波面误差指标下能够承受更大的温度载荷,热稳定性得到显著提高。     

定形相变墙板改善轻质墙体夏季隔热性能研究

本文提出了将定形相变蓄能墙板安装在轻质保温墙体内侧,取代传统重质材料,改善围护结构夏季隔热性能的方法.以北京地区为例,比较了定形相变蓄能墙板与重质混凝土在改善轻质围护结构隔热性能方面的差异,并从相变温度和相变墙板厚度两个方面对定形相变蓄能墙板的使用效果进行了优化.研究表明定形相变蓄能墙板能有效改善轻质保温墙体的隔热性能,而对建筑自身承重增加很小.