Use of 4-bromo pyridazine 3,6-dione for building 3-amino pyridazine libraries

An efficient method for preparation of 4,6 or 5,6 disubstituted 3-aminopyridazines was easily carried out starting from easily available 4-bromo-pyridazine-3,6-dione, and using combination of both amination and Pd(0) cross-coupling reactions under microwave irradiation.     

Magnetic and electrical transport properties of delta-doped amorphous Ge:Mn magnetic semiconductors

We report on the growth and characterization of delta-doped amorphous Ge:Mn diluted magnetic semiconductor thin films on GaAs (0 0 1) substrates. The fabricated samples exhibit different magnetic behaviors, depending on the Mn doping concentration. The Curie temperature was found to be dependent on both the Mn doping concentration and spacing between the doping layers. A sharp drop in magnetization and rise in resistivity are observed at low temperature in samples with high Mn doping concentrations, which is also accompanied by a negative thermal remanent magnetization (TRM) in the higher temperature range. The temperature at which the magnetization starts to drop and the negative TRM appears show a correlation with the Mn doping concentration. The experimental results are discussed based on the formation of ferromagnetic regions at high temperature and antiferromagnetic coupling between these regions at low temperature.     

Sub-Doppler high-resolution excitation spectroscopy of the S1 ← S0 transition of dibenzofuran

Rotationally resolved ultrahigh-resolution fluorescence excitation spectra of the S₁ ← S₀ transition of dibenzofuran have been observed using the technique of crossing a collimated molecular beam and the single-mode UV laser beam. 3291 rotational lines of the band and 3047 rotational lines of the band have been assigned. The band has been found to be a b-type transition, in which the transition moment is along the twofold symmetry axis of this molecule, and only the ΔK_a = ± 1 transitions were observed. The excited state is identified to be the S₁¹A₁(ππ^∗) state. In contrast with this, the band has been found to be an a-type transition in which the transition moment is along the long axis in plane. It indicates that the intensity of this vibronic band arises from vibronic coupling with the S₂¹B₂(ππ^∗) state. We determined the accurate rotational constants and the molecule have been shown to be planar both in the ground and excited states.     

Density functional theory study on antiferromagnetic interactions in a silver (I) complex of nitronyl nitroxide

A one-dimensional (1D) silver (I) complex of nitronyl nitroxide with fairly strong antiferromagnetic interaction, in which the metal ions are diamagnetic, is investigated by means of the ab initio crystal orbital method based on the density functional theory. The calculated values of the magnetic coupling constant (J) are close to the experimental measured J value in the periodic system. The magneto-structural correlation reveals that the existence of an antiferromagnetic coupling pathway along nitronyl nitroxide units via silver (I) ion in this system. The spin population distribution also shows the existence of spin delocalization along the ONCNO–Ag–ONCNO, which affords a rational interpretation for the antiferromagnetic interaction mechanism.     

弯曲波导之间的耦合分析

采用极坐标下的光束传播法分析了两条平行变曲波导的中心间距、曲率半径等因素对模式耦合的影响,得到了耦合长度、耦合强度随中心间距、曲率半径的变化规律,并将直波导作为变曲波导的一种特殊情况进行了分析.     

可调谐激光晶体GSGG∶Cr3+在低温下光谱压致移位的理论研究

采用单组态坐标模型,应用由对角化d3能量矩阵而获得的波函数,同时考虑了自旋-轨道相互作用和电-声子耦合,并定量计入了4T2与2T1各电子态对R线的影响以及局域压缩率和整体压缩率之间的差异,从微观的角度,研究了GSGG∶Cr3+低温下光谱结构的特点以及压力导致的R1线和4T2宽带的移位.理论计算的结果与实验符合较好,R线的常压位置及其分裂、R1线的压致移位及其"反转"现象和4T2宽带的压致移位都得到了合理的解释.     

New expressions for g—factors of the mixed ground state of 3d^9 ions with a compressional tetragonal symmetry and its application to NaCl：Ni^＋（I）

We deduce new expressions for g-factors of the 3d⁹ ions with a compressional tetragonal symmetry, in which we consider not only the contribution from the spin-orbit coupling of the central transition metal ion but also that of the ligand orbits as well as the admixture of ²B_1g into ²A_1g (ground state). By using the new formulae, the electron paramagnetic resonance g-factors for NaCl:Ni⁺(I) are studied. Thus, the puzzle that the g_‖-shift is positive is reasonably explained.     

Solitary waves in the Madelung's fluid: Connection between the nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the Korteweg-de Vries equation

An investigation to deepen the connection between the family of nonlinear Schr?dinger equations and the one of Korteweg-de Vries equations is carried out within the context of the Madelung's fluid picture. In particular, under suitable hypothesis for the current velocity, it is proven that the cubic nonlinear Schr?dinger equation, whose solution is a complex wave function, can be put in correspondence with the standard Korteweg-de Vries equation, is such a way that the soliton solutions of the latter are the squared modulus of the envelope soliton solution of the former. Under suitable physical hypothesis for the current velocity, this correspondence allows us to find envelope soliton solutions of the cubic nonlinear Schr?dinger equation, starting from the soliton solutions of the associated Korteweg-de Vries equation. In particular, in the case of constant current velocities, the solitary waves have the amplitude independent of the envelope velocity (which coincides with the constant current velocity). They are bright or dark envelope solitons and have a phase linearly depending both on space and on time coordinates. In the case of an arbitrarily large stationary-profile perturbation of the current velocity, envelope solitons are grey or dark and they relate the velocity u₀ with the amplitude; in fact, they exist for a limited range of velocities and have a phase nonlinearly depending on the combined variable x-u_{0 s} (s being a time-like variable). This novel method in solving the nonlinear Schr?dinger equation starting from the Korteweg-de Vries equation give new insights and represents an alternative key of reading of the dark/grey envelope solitons based on the fluid language. Moreover, a comparison between the solutions found in the present paper and the ones already known in literature is also presented. Received 20 February 2002 and Received in final form 22 April 2002 Published online 6 June 2002     

Antiferromagnetically coupled multilayers of (Co90Fe10 tF/Ru tRu)×N and (Ni81Fe19 tF/Ru tRu)×N prepared by ion beam deposition

This work describes multilayers of Co₉₀Fe₁₀ t_F/Ru t_Ru/Co₉₀Fe₁₀ t_F and Ni₈₁Fe₁₉ t_F/Ru t_Ru/Ni₈₁Fe₁₉ t_F (20 Åt_F200 Å) prepared at ambient temperature by ion beam deposition on Si/SiO₂ 3 kÅ substrates. The samples exhibited a maximum antiferromagnetic coupling with t_Ru=3.2 Å and M–H curves characterized by zero remanent magnetic moment and enhanced saturation field. Antiferromagnetic peaks were present with t_Ru17 and 30 Å.