中空多壳层结构在电磁波领域中的应用

中空多壳层结构(HoMSs)是一种以纳米颗粒为结构单元构筑而成的具有多界面、 多维度的微纳米级宏观组装体, 具有次序排列的多个壳层及相互连通的多个空腔, 被认为是电磁波领域极具应用前景的功能材料. 本文主要从电磁波捕获、 传输及能量转换3个角度详细阐述HoMSs在电磁波领域应用中的独特优势, 浅析了HoMSs壳层数目、 壳层厚度、 壳层间距、 壳层组成等结构参数对电磁波传输与利用的影响规律, 并预测了HoMSs在电磁波领域的发展趋势, 以期为实现电磁波的高效利用提供参考.     

无溶剂法大量制备高效红光碳点及其在白光器件中的应用

以邻苯二胺、 2,5-二氨基苯磺酸和三氯化铝为原料, 通过无溶剂法大量制备了高效的红色荧光碳点 (R-CDs). 制得的碳点尺寸大约为2.4 nm, 含有13%的氮元素, 主要由高度石墨化的碳核及覆盖在其表面的大量官能团构成. 在不同的波长光激发下, 碳点在乙醇溶液中表现出不依赖于激发的红光发射, 其荧光峰位于 704 nm, 最大量子产率达到22%. 由于R-CDs具有优异的光学性质, 利用其构筑了紫外光激发的碳基白色发光二极管, 其色坐标为(0.33, 0.33), 非常接近自然光. 该研究为高效红色荧光碳点的大量制备提供了一种新路径, 同时拓宽了其在白光器件中的应用.     

Rapid and label-free classification of pathogens based on light scattering,reduced power spectral features and support vector machine

The rapid identification of pathogens is crucial in controlling the food quality and safety. The proposed system for the rapid and label-free identification of pathogens is based on the principle of laser scattering from the bacterial microbes. The clinical prototype consists of three parts: the laser beam, photodetectors, and the data acquisition system. The bacterial testing sample was mixed with 10 mL distilled water and placed inside the machine chamber. When the bacterial microbes pass by the laser beam, the scattering of light occurs due to variation in size, shape, and morphology. Due to this reason, different types of pathogens show their unique light scattering patterns. The photo-detectors were arranged at the surroundings of the sample at different angles to collect the scattered light. The photodetectors convert the scattered light intensity into a voltage waveform. The waveform features were acquired by using the power spectral characteristics, and the dimensionality of extracted features was reduced by applying minimal-redundancy-maximal-relevance criterion (mRMR). A support vector machine (SVM) classifier was developed by training the selected power spectral features for the classification of three different bacterial microbes. The resulting average identification accuracies of E. faecalis,E. coli and S. aureus were 99%, 87%, and 94%, respectively. The overall experimental results yield a higher accuracy of 93.6%, indicating that the proposed device has the potential for label-free identification of pathogens with simplicity, rapidity, and cost-effectiveness.     

冷却速率对Lennard-Jones体系凝固过程中结构与动力学性质的影响

用分子动力学模拟方法研究了五种不同冷却速率对Lennard-Jones体系凝固过程中结构与动力学性质的影响。采用两种不同的方法来确定玻璃转变温度Tg,并且对结晶温度Tc、径向分布函数g(r)、均方位移函数MSD与扩散系数D、平均配位数进行比较分析。结果表明：冷却速率影响Lennard-Jones体系凝固过程中的结构。当使用足够高的冷却速率冷却时,体系发生玻璃化转变,而且冷却速率越快,玻璃转变温度越高;当冷却速率较小时,体系形成晶体,而且冷却速率越慢,结晶温度越高,结晶程度也越高。同时发现,冷却速率对扩散系数和平均配位数也有很大影响,二者在体系发生玻璃转变时都有一个缓变的过程,表明了过冷液相区的存在。     

Development of microscale pattern for digital image correlation up to 1400 °C

Speckle patterns to be used for digital image correlation (DIC) at the micrometer level up to 1400 °C were fabricated by several methods. The quality of the patterns before and after heating was evaluated in terms of the mean intensity gradient (MIG) and the speckle size distribution. The displacement accuracy in simulative translation of images showed that the MIG alone was not enough to evaluate the pattern properties; a large MIG, an even speckle size distribution, and a wide speckle size range pattern were required for a good DIC. The reaction between the patterning material and substrate, the cracking of speckles, and the plastic flow of patterning material may cause changes in the pattern morphology at high temperature. Two patterning methods, spraying a mixture of ceramics powder and binder by a fine-nozzle air brush and abrading a polished surface, yielded a small pattern with high MIG values and even size distributions that was stable at 1400 °C. The potential of the fabricated patterns was shown by measuring the coefficient of thermal expansion of polycrystalline Al₂O₃ from 800 °C to 1400 °C.     

Effect of relative humidity on current–voltage characteristics of monopolar DC wire-to-plane system

This paper deals with the DC monopolar corona discharge in wire-to-plane geometry under variable humid air conditions. The classical formulas of Townsend commonly used for the current–voltage characteristics were used to determine the various corona parameters for the both polarities of the corona discharge. A circular biased probe has been adapted to the plane and is used to measure the ground plane current density and electric field during the monopolar corona discharge. A new approach to the problem of corona discharge in transmission system has been described in this paper. The effect of varying the humidity and wires diameter is also investigated. The values of the electric field and the current density are maximum beneath the corona wire and decrease when moving away from them and the current–voltage characteristics follow the quadratic Townsend's law. The experimental results show that the monopolar corona discharge is strongly affected by the air humidity. The current density and the electric field are measured and compared with the computed values. The agreement between the calculated values and those obtained experimentally is satisfactory. The per unit electric field and current density are also represented by a unique function.     

基于BDS/GPS和百度地图的现代有轨电车监控系统的设计

为实现对现代有轨电车车辆的位置及运行状态进行实时监控,设计了一个基于BDS/GPS和百度地图的现代有轨电车监控系统;定位终端以具有我国自主知识产权的BDS/GPS双模定位模块为主,RFID系统作为辅助定位手段;数据通过HTTP的GET方法提交至服务器,由服务器端的PHP页面自动处理后存储到MySQL数据库,中心管理平台显示页面调用百度地图API,将数据显示在百度地图上;最终该系统可以实时获取并存储列车的位置坐标、速度、时间等信息,并在百度地图上以点、线和图表的形式显示出车辆的坐标和运行轨迹等;测试结果表明,该系统运行稳定,定位精度高,获取数据准确、时延小,能够满足应用需求。     

两种发电机励磁系统远程监测与控制方法研究

同步发电机励磁控制系统的监控是保证发电机良好运行的重要部分,远程监控技术能够有效的对发电机励磁控制系统进行监控,并为励磁控制系统维护人员提供方便.因此针对同步发电机励磁控制系统的典型监测和控制功能,给出了两种发电机励磁系统远程监控方法,首先基于AJAX技术,给出了一种基于web的励磁控制系统远程监测方法,所设计的监测系统能够在局域网或internet网络环境下,使用计算机或智能手机的浏览器进行励磁控制系统的监测,实际测试表明该方法是可行的.之后,为能实现励磁控制系统的远程实时控制,并解决internet网络环境下实时数据传输不稳定的情况,给出了一种基于TCP/IP和VPN技术的励磁控制系统远程监控方法,测试表明该方法能够实现励磁控制系统的实时监测和控制.     

基于Modbus/TCP的配电网自动化远方终端设计

为了提高对现代雷达系统的故障诊断能力,开发了一种融合在雷达系统内部的嵌入式测试系统;系统通过在雷达内部布设测试设备,设置故障监测点和加入测试信号,对雷达各部分的工作状态、性能进行监测,用于雷达系统的性能检测和故障诊断,缩短平均维修时间（MTTR）; 硬件选用精密的测量仪器和先进的总线通讯技术保证测试精度,软件采用先进的算法,融合了加电BIT、周期BIT和维护BIT等测试手段,保证故障隔离的准确,该系统已在多种雷达系统中得到成功的应用。     

多总线通讯服务器设计与实现

为了解决大当量战斗部爆炸威力试验中测试参数多、测试区域广,多设备统一触发的难题,文中提出了分布式无线网络化的测试思路,进行了无线传输系统框架设计,简要介绍了系统的组成、功能、结构设计、各个通信点位的设计、网络构成、工作频率、电源系统设计等,使大家对该测试系统有一个全面的认识。设计人员研发了相关硬件设备,并进行了多发试验验证。该测试系统组网方式灵活,传输速率高,具备GPS同步和无线触发功能,可进行远程操控和数据下载,使用方便,可靠性高,提高了大当量战斗部爆炸威力的测试效率。