Simultaneous Determination of Arsenic and Lead in Vegetable Oil by Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry after Vortex-Assisted Extraction

Hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) is used for the determination of hydride-forming elements due to its high sensitivity, simplicity, and low cost. A new HG-AFS method for the simultaneous determination of arsenic and lead in vegetable oil is reported. Vortex-assisted extraction with dilute nitric acid was used to isolate arsenic and lead from vegetable oil. The conditions influencing the fluorescence signal, including the carrier fluid, oxidizing agent, and reducing agent, were optimized. The interferences of coexisting ions were also evaluated. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection were 0.6 and 0.4?µg?kg^?1 for arsenic and lead. The recoveries were from 84.4 to 105% for both metals in vegetable oil. The optimized method was used for the determination of arsenic and lead in commercial vegetable oil. The analytical results by this approach were in good agreement with values obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with microwave digestion.     

Improved solution for inventory model with defective goods

This paper is a consequence for a paper of Lin et al. [S.W. Lin, Y.W. Wou, P. Julian, Note on minimax distribution free procedure for integrated inventory model with defective goods and stochastic lead time demand, Appl. Math. Model. 35 (2011) 2087–2093]. We simplified their complicated solution procedure and then presented a revision to patch their negligence for the boundary minimums. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate our findings.     

Direct Near Infrared Light–Activatable Phthalocyanine Catalysts

The high penetration of near-infrared (NIR) light makes it effective for use in selective reactions under light-shielded conditions, such as in sealed reactors and deep tissues. Herein, we report the development of phthalocyanine catalysts directly activated by NIR light to transform small organic molecules. The desired photocatalytic properties were achieved in the phthalocyanines by introducing the appropriate peripheral substituents and central metal. These phthalocyanine photocatalysts promote cross-dehydrogenative-coupling (CDC) under irradiation with 810 nm NIR light. The choice of solvent is important, and a mixture of a reaction-accelerating (pyridine) and -decelerating (methanol) solvents was particularly effective. Moreover, we demonstrate photoreactions under visible-light-shielded conditions through the transmission of NIR light. A combined experimental and computational mechanistic analysis revealed that this NIR reaction does not involve a photoredox-type mechanism with electron transfer, but instead a singlet-oxygen-mediated mechanism with energy transfer.     

Fabrication of a Nitrate Selective Electrode for Determination of Nitrate in Fertilizers by Using Flow Injection Analysis System

A nitrate ion selective electrode (nitrate-ISE) based on pyrrole modification on a common pencil lead was proposed. The lab-made nitrate-ISE was easily constructed by pyrrole polymerization with nitrate ion as the dopant using cyclic voltammetry. The fabricated nitrate-ISE was then coupled with flow injection analysis (FIA) for an automatic system. The flow potentiometry provided working range of 1x10^-4 to 4x10^-3 mol L^-1 of nitrate and allowed sample throughput up to 50 samples h^-1. Linear regression analysis showed good agreement (r²=0.9961) with Nernstian response. This system was applied to determine nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate-N) in fertilizer samples.     

A Microcell for Stripping Analysis with Glassy Carbon and Mercury-Plated Glassy Carbon Electrodes

Abstract

A microcell has been constructed for stripping analysis in solution volumes as low as 5 μl, employing a glassy carbon or mercury-plated glassy carbon working electrodes and a three electrode system. Using normal d.c. stripping techniques, as little as 100 picograms of mercury and 10 picograms of lead can be determined. With the more sensitive second harmonic a.c. voltammetric technique, this limit is lowered to 10 picograms of mercury and 1 picogram of lead.     

胎儿脐带血铅水平与钙、锌、铁的关系研究

目的研究胎儿脐带血中的铅与钙、锌、铁的含量以及两两之间的相关性。方法采用原子吸收光谱法对398例脐带血铅和钙、锌、铁的含量进行测定,并对它们进行相关性分析。结果 398例脐带血铅和钙、锌、铁的质量浓度分别为铅(37.96±17.78)μg/L、钙(1.51±0.29)mmol/L、锌(30.01±11.14)μmol/L、铁(8.63±1.39)mmol/L。线性回归分析显示:铅与钙(r=-0.563,P0.01)、铅与锌(r=-0.424,P0.01)有相关性,铅与铁无显著相关(r=0.018,P0.05)。结论随着胎儿体内血铅水平的上升,二价元素钙、锌含量有下降趋势,即中毒元素铅会干扰胎儿体内的必需二价元素的代谢。     

The synthesis and characterization of new metal-free and metallo phthalocyanines substituted with four dithiatetraoxa macrocyclic moieties

New metal-free phthalocyanine (7) fused symmetrically in peripheral positions with four dithiatetraoxa macrocycles, has been synthesized by cyclotetramerization of the isoindolinediimine derivative of macrocyclic 6. Metallophthalocyanine (8) was synthesized by reaction of phthalonitrile derivative (5) with anhydrous nickel(II) chloride. The new compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, ¹H and ¹³C-NMR, IR UV–Vis and mass spectroscopies.     

Mechanochemical synthesis of PbS/Ni–Cr layered double hydroxide nanocomposite

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Electrospun Polyacrylic Acid Polymer Fibers Functionalized with Metallophthalocyanines for Photosensitizing and Gas Sensing Applications

The photophysical and photochemical properties of tetraaminophthalocyanine complexes of lutetium and zinc covalently linked to polyacrylic acid were studied alongside those of unsubstituted zinc phthalocyanine within the same polymeric fiber matrix. All three phthalocyanines within the solid fiber matrices showed photoactivity by the generation of singlet oxygen as was observed in solution. The fluorescence behaviors of the composite fibers equally parallel those in solution. For the unsubstituted zinc phthalocyanine composite, the fiber showed fluorescence quenching on interaction with gaseous nitrogen dioxide similar to that in DMF and, thus could be a promising nanofabric material in developing optoelectronic devices that are responsive to the gas.     

酒石酸铅锆的制备、表征及其燃烧催化作用

以酒石酸、硝酸氧锆和硝酸铅为原料,合成出了双金属盐酒石酸铅锆,采用有机元素分析、X射线荧光光谱和FTIR对其进行了表征。在程序升温条件下,利用TG/DTG、DSC、固相原位反应池/FTIR联用技术,研究了酒石酸铅锆的热行为和热分解机理,描述了酒石酸铅锆的热分解过程,分析得出其最终分解产物为ZrO2、PbO和C。利用螺压工艺制备了含酒石酸铅锆的推进剂样品,研究了酒石酸铅锆对双基系推进剂燃烧性能的影响,分析了其燃烧催化作用。结果表明,酒石酸铅锆对双基系推进剂的燃烧具有良好的催化作用,是一种高效的燃烧催化剂;酒石酸铅锆热分解的最终产物PbO是催化燃烧的主要活性物质,推进剂燃烧过程中形成了氧化铅-铅循环催化体系,而锆和碳则起辅助催化的作用。