HIRFL-CSRm纵向随机冷却-槽形滤波冷却模拟研究

 通过Fokker Planck方程,对拟在HIRFL-CSRm上建造的纵向槽形滤波器（notch filter）的冷却机理进行了研究,得出了冷却原理及冷却时间的表达式,并对影响冷却时间和冷却效果的因素进行了模拟和讨论,模拟结果表明,噪信比越小,冷却时间越短,冷却效果越好;带宽越宽冷却越快。该研究为具体纵向冷却系统的设计和优化提供了依据。     

Magneto-optical trapping of Stark-slowed metastable He atoms

We report on the first successful loading of a magneto-optical trap (MOT) with metastable He atoms from a Stark-slower. Thereby, deceleration of the atoms relies on laser-atom interaction in an inhomogeneous electric field. We show that the results obtained are comparable with early results from other groups achieved with a Zeeman slower. The Stark slower, which is able to fully control the final velocity of the atomic He beam, is the first step in achieving complete spin independent kinematic control based solely on electric fields. Received 2 October 2002 / Received in final form 20 January 2003 Published online 29 April 2003 RID="a" ID="a"e-mail: eichmann@mbi-berlin.de     

固体材料反斯托克斯荧光制冷的理论研究及其最新进展

本文首先回顾了反斯托克斯荧光制冷的历史发展,简单讨论了激光制冷的循环过程及其制冷条件;其次,概述了反斯托克斯Raman散射、反斯托克斯荧光制冷的热力学理论和热力学限制,重点介绍了适用于各种制冷材料(如稀土离子掺杂玻璃、半导体和晶体等)反斯托克斯荧光制冷研究的理论模型,并简单讨论了激光制冷实验中各种测量温度变化的实验方法及其基本原理。最后,就反斯托克斯荧光制冷的一种最新应用及其前景进行了简单介绍与展望。     

Nano liquid-metal fluid as ultimate coolant

We proposed for the first time the concept of the nano liquid-metal fluid, aiming to establish an engineering route to make the highest conductive coolant. Using several widely accepted theoretical models for characterizing the nano fluid, the thermal conductivity enhancement of the liquid-metal fluid due to addition of more conductive nano particles was predicted. Further, the effects of particle size, cluster of nano particle, solid-like layer due to adsorption, volume fraction and particle types were evaluated. Having the highest conductivity, being electromagnetically drivable, the liquid metal with low melting point is expected to be an idealistic base fluid for making super conductive solution which may lead to the ultimate coolant in a wide variety of heat transfer enhancement area.     

HIRFL-CSR重离子束内散射效应

电子冷却本质上是电子冷却作用与重离子束内散射作用的动态平衡过程. 在Bjorken和Mtingwa束内散射理论的基础上, 应用对称椭圆积分的方法做束内散射增长率的数值模拟, 并应用于HIRFL-CSR的磁铁聚焦结构. 计算结果表明, 束内散射不会成为CSR磁聚焦结构设计的障碍, 并且CSR可以达到冷却设计指标.     

The HITRAP project at GSI: trapping and cooling of highly-charged ions in a Penning trap

A decelerator will be installed at GSI in order to provide and study heavy nuclei without or with only few electrons at very low energies or even at rest. Highly-charged ions will be produced by stripping at relativistic energies. After electron cooling and deceleration in the Experimental Storage Ring (ESR) the ions are ejected out of the storage ring at 4 MeV/u and further decelerated in a combination of linear accelerator structures operated in reverse. Finally, they are injected into a Penning trap where the ions are cooled to 4 K by electron cooling in combination with resistive cooling. From here, the ions can be transferred in a quasi DC or in a pulsed mode to different experimental setups. This article describes the technical concepts of this project focused on the Penning trap.      

太阳光泵浦激光器侧面泵浦效率的提高

太阳光泵浦激光器直接利用太阳光作为泵浦源,实现了太阳光能量到激光能量的直接转化。设计了分腔水冷型金属锥形泵浦腔,以直径8 mm,长115 mm的Nd:YAG晶体棒作为激光工作物质,用有效面积1.03 m2菲涅尔透镜会聚太阳光,实验获得了23.7 W的稳定激光输出,斜效率为7.87%。通过对比实验,改进后的分腔水冷型太阳光泵浦激光器较原有锥形腔激光器有55.92%的激光输出功率提升。分别从侧面泵浦光在冷却水中的吸收损耗以及其耦合效率等方面对新型腔体结构进行了分析,证实了分腔水冷型腔体结构对侧面泵浦效率的提高,并提出了陶瓷漫反射材质的分腔水冷型激光腔的设计。     

LD泵浦的被动调QYb:YAG薄片激光器实验研究

采用中心波长为940nm的激光二极管泵浦,实现了Yb:YAG薄片的Cr4+:YAG被动调Q激光输出.Yb:YAG薄片掺杂Yb3+离子浓度为10%,厚度为500μm.理论上计算了Yb:YAG薄片在直接水冷方式与不同厚度SiC冷却方式下的温度分布.实验中采用厚度800μm的SiC冷却方式,获得了最高功率2.8 W的1 030nm连续激光输出,输出功率相比直接水冷方式提高了40%.通过Degnan理论优化了被动调Q晶体Cr4+:YAG的初始透过率和输出耦合镜,采用初始透过率为93%的Cr4+:YAG晶体和透过率为10%的输出耦合镜,在800μm SiC冷却方式下,获得了平均输出功率1.95 W、单脉冲能量1.2mJ、脉冲宽度74ns、重复频率1.6kHz的稳定调Q脉冲输出,斜效率为18.1%.光束质量因子M2x=1.622,M2y=1.616.     

中央空调冷却水系统节能优化控制研究

根据中央空调冷水机组和冷却水系统各设备的现有功耗模型,拟合实验中采集到的有关数据,包括:系统负荷、冷水机组冷却水进水温度、冷却水泵流量和冷却塔风机运行频率,建立总功率的一般优化方程;采用BFGS变尺度优化算法算出不同条件下的能耗最小工况,并以此来控制冷却水系统设备;结果表明,该方法具有实现方便、节能效果显著的特点。