不锈钢辐射损伤随温度和剂量的变化(英文)

用重离子辐照模拟和正电子湮没寿命技术研究了改进型316L不锈钢在21 和33 dpa辐照剂量下的辐照损伤在室温到802 °C温度范围随辐照温度变化和室温下0—100 dpa剂量范围随辐照剂量变化. 在580 °C左右实验观察到辐照肿胀峰， 在21 和33 dpa辐照剂量下相应的空位团分别由14和19个空位组成， 尺度分别为0.68 和0.82 nm. 空位团尺寸随辐照剂量增加， 在100 dpa时空位团由8个空位组成， 尺度为0.55 nm. 实验结果表明， 在改进型316L不锈钢中辐照损伤随辐照温度变化更灵敏.     

Investigation of free radicals induced by light ions in CR-39 using ESR spectroscopy

In previous investigations the formation of radicals induced by γ-irradiation in CR-39 samples has been studied by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. On the other hand, all attempts fail to detect radicals in samples irradiated by particles (p, and neutrons). The present work succeeded in detection of radicals produced by charged particle radiation in CR-39 (TASTRAK). The detectors were irradiated with protons of 7 MeV and -particles of 3 MeV with fluences in the order of 10¹¹–10¹² particles/cm². The observed ESR signal is composed of at least four different resonance lines for each of which we determined the amplitudes, g-factors, lifetimes and the G-value. The amplitude of the total ESR signal decreases rapidly with a short and a longer lifetime. About 5 days after irradiation the ESR intensity decreased to an undetectable value. The lowest detectable dose (LDD) is of the order of 1 kGy.     

连续波DF高功率激光引起的光学元件热畸变和损伤

分析了四分之一波长膜堆和金属介质增强激光反射膜的吸收，计算和测量了连续波高功率激光辐照下光学元件的热变形．对理论计算和实测结果进行了比较。     

Intense laser flux effects on GaAs

Surface damage measurements on GaAs for pulsed laser flux at 0.694 μm, 1.06 μm, and 10.6 μm are presented. The damage threshold is seen to increase with the flux wavelength and decrease with increasing pulse duration. Other experiments were performed which indicated that the initial effect of the laser beam is to produce expansion of the bulk material and that the interband Faraday rotation at 1.06 μm is not dependent on laser intensity.     

光学薄膜激光损伤的光热偏转法实时研究

本文首次把调制与脉冲光热偏转技术同时置于激光损伤测试装置之中,用以进行光学薄膜激光损伤的实时研究.初步实验结果表明,该方法不仅有助于确定损伤阀值,也有助于分析损伤形貌和损伤过程,包括样品损伤前的行为及样品在重复频率激光作用下损伤的累积效应.     

Ripples and grain formation in GaAs surfaces exposed to ultrashort laser pulses

The damage morphology of GaAs1 0 0 single crystal following femtosecond laser (wavelength 806 nm, pulse duration 110 fs, prf 10 Hz) excitation was studied as a function of laser fluence and number of pulses. The threshold value for damage to occur in a GaAs surface in the present experiment was 1.3×10¹⁴ W/cm² for a single pulse. The cooling rate for threshold fluence was calculated as 2.22×10¹⁴ °C/s. The damage occurred in the form of surface removal. Ripples and grains were formed in the removed surface. At higher fluences micron depth pits were also formed. The damage morphology was explained with the help of Boson-condensation hypothesis.     

Enhanced Nonlinear Dynamics for Accurate Identification of Stiffness Loss in a Thermo-Shielding Panel

The dynamics of a panel forced by transverse loads and undergoing limit cycle oscillations and chaos is investigated. The nonlinear von Karman plate theory is used to obtain a model for healthy and damaged panels. Damage is modeled by a loss of stiffness in a portion of the plate. The presence of low levels of damage is identified by using an external nonlinear excitation and analyzing the attractor of the resulting dynamics in state space. Most of the current studies of such problems are based on linear theories and linear structures. In contrast, the results presented are obtained by using and enhancing nonlinear and chaotic dynamics, and have the advantage of an increased accuracy in detecting damage and monitoring structural health.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 45th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Palm Springs, California, April 2004.     

热作用过程中生物组织特性变化的光学监测

基于热作用下生物组织特性的理论，描述了最新的理论研究进展，介绍了将光学监测技术用于热致组织特性变化研究的原理与方法，并给出了典型的实验结果；生物组织的散射系数与损伤特性的关联：生物组织的吸收系数对脱水量的依赖性；热作用下血液灌注的光学成像监测。将光电技术用于热作用过程中生物组织特性变化的监测，对进一步完善热疗理论、实现热疗的在体监测具有重要的理论意义与实践意义。     

基于细观孔结构的混凝土损伤劣化特性分析

通过冻融循环试验,探讨了在不同损伤定义下,普通混凝土与高性能混凝土的宏观强度损伤与细观孔洞结构的相互关系和混凝土损伤劣化特性规律,进而得到了反映混凝土损伤劣化特性的重要结论.     

Stability of the Face Layer of Sandwich Structures with a Local Interlaminar Damage

The effect of a local interlaminar damage on the stability of the face layer of composite sandwich beams is investigated. Mathematical models are proposed for estimating the critical compressive stresses for two typical types of damage. Experimental and numerical data are obtained for two types of materials (with glass-fiber-reinforced plastics as face layers and Rohacell WF51 and Divinycell H60 foams as the core). The analytical results agree well with the experimental data.