高纯氧化钬的电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱分析及光谱干扰的校正

本文提出了以PGS-2型平面光栅摄谱仪与Plasma Therm ICP-5000D射频发生器联用,乙醇溶液预去溶进样方法,直接同时测定高纯氧化钬中5个稀土杂质元素的方法,并讨论了基体浓度对分析方法检出限的影响和光谱干扰及其校正。当样品溶液中稀土总浓度为5mg/ml时,测定下限分别为铽0.003％,镝、铒和铥0.002％,钇0.0003％。其相对标准偏差为2.8％～7.4％。     

OPTICAL INTERFERENCE METHOD FOR THE STUDY OF MOISTURE SWELLING IN PET FILMS

A method for measuring moisture swelling of amorphous PET films by using Rayleigh interferometer is reported, Plots of the optical path of light transmission in the polymer vs. soaking time were obtained, and from the same curves, the dependence of time on the moisture swelling, saturated water absorption and diffusion coefficient of PET films were estimated. These results are in agreement with those obtained by weighing method. It is shown that optical interference method is a simple but sensitive method for the study of water absorption and swelling in transparent polymer films.     

Fast spectrophotometric determination of fluoride in ground waters by flow injection using partial least-squares calibration

The presence of sulphate constitutes a serious interference in the usual zirconium lake-based spectrophotometric method for the determination of fluoride in water. In this report, full spectral data have been recorded for the zirconium lake of 2-(parasulfophenylazo)-1,8-dihydroxy-3,6-naphthalene-disulfonate (SPADNS) in the simultaneous presence of fluoride and sulphate, as obtained with a flow injection system with a diode-array detector. The information has been processed with partial least-squares (PLS) multivariate calibration. Adequate modeling using a sixteen-sample calibration set allows fluoride to be determined in ground waters by the automated flow injection method, even in the presence of sulphate in concentrations up to 1000 mg l⁻¹. In the calibration range 0-1.50 mg l⁻¹ for fluoride, the limit of detection is 0.1 mg l⁻¹. The fluoride contents in real samples, as determined with the present method, were satisfactorily compared with those provided by ion selective potentiometry.     

空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收测定铬时与浓度有关的化学干扰的研究——Ⅰ、铁、钴对铬的干扰

本文较详细地研究了在Fe、Co基体中测定铬时出现的与浓度有关的化学干扰,铬的价态对干扰的影响,并讨论了干扰的机理及克服干扰的办法。     

ICP-AES中乙醇作用机理的定量研究Ⅰ.乙醇干扰函数和各种干扰因素的相对贡献

本文应用Einstein-Boltzmann-Saha方程和Raoult-Clausius-Clapeyron方程,定量地考察了乙醇对电感耦合等离子体(ICP)中各种干扰因素的影响及各干扰因素对乙醇干扰效应(用干扰因子表示)的相对贡献。实验结果表明,Boltzman因子项和活度系数项的变化是乙醇增敏效应的主要来源。由实验结果分别提出了提升量、校正提升量变化后的干扰因子和活度系数项与乙醇浓度的关系方程。     

白光干涉型光纤加速度计的误差分析

针对所研制的一种能够测量加速度直流信号的光纤加速度计,建立了影响该加速度计测量准确度的光学原理误差、交叉灵敏度误差以及温度引起的误差模型,并对该模型进行了仿真和实验分析.结果表明:随着信噪比增加以及光谱采样间隔减小,解调算法的测量误差水平降低,测量准确度可达到4.5×10-5g;在1倍重力加速度下交叉灵敏度误差为1.8mg;当环境温度20℃时,温度每升高(降低)1℃,会使标度因数增加(减小)0.79‰.     

Case(b）情况下NO的非弹性散射及 相关量子干涉的理解

我们已经对原子与双原子分子间的碰撞量子干涉进行了理论研究,为了对 分裂引起的碰撞诱导转动传能进行更一步的研究,建立了洪德情况b下原子双原子分子系统的理论模型.对洪德情况b下原子双原子分子系统干涉程度进行了讨论,并对洪德情况b下NO与He, Ne , Ar碰撞干涉角进行了定量计算。在含时一级波恩近似下,考虑各向异性相互作用势,定量分析转动量子数,实验温度等对干涉角的影响。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定锆及锆合金中镉含量的质谱干扰分析

通过对Zr及Zr合金中各元素一定浓度单标溶液在电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)设定的扫描区间(106~116aum)进行扫描得到质谱图,并结合各元素单标溶液在Cd元素不同同位素质谱峰处的离子计数值的分析,研究了ICP-MS测定Zr及Zr合金中Cd含量时所受的质谱干扰情况,并对干扰物进行了判断。结果表明:基体元素Zr、合金元素Nb和杂质元素Mo所形成的氧化物、氢氧化物多原子离子及合金元素Sn所形成的同质异位素均会对Cd的相关同位素原子构成质谱干扰;针对不同干扰,提出了避免和消除干扰可参考的方法。