Competition STD NMR for the detection of high-affinity ligands and NMR-based screening

The reported competition STD NMR method combines saturation transfer difference (STD) NMR with competition binding experiments to allow the detection of high-affinity ligands that undergo slow chemical exchange on the NMR time-scale. With this technique, the presence of a competing high-affinity ligand in the compound mixture can be detected by the disappearance or reduction of the STD signals of a low-affinity indicator ligand. This is demonstrated on a BACE1 (beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1) protein-inhibitor system. This method can also be used to derive an approximate value, or a lower limit, for the dissociation constant of the potential ligand based on the reduction of the signal intensity of the STD indicator, which is illustrated on an HSA (human serum albumin) model system. This leads to important applications of the competition STD NMR method for lead discovery: it can be used (i) for compound library screening against a broad range of drug targets to identify both high- and low-affinity ligands and (ii) to rank order analogs rapidly and derive structure-activity relationships, which are used to optimize these NMR hits into viable drug leads.     

Realizing the Promise—The Development of Research on Carbon Nanotubes

The present reflection on the development of research on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) stems from the publication of the report “Realizing the Promise of Carbon Nanotubes” by the US National Nanotechnology Initiative in 2015. The report is a critical assessment of the state‐of‐art of CNT research and highlights some unresolved issues related with this field. Starting from the results of this assessment, we carried out an analysis of the publications’ pool in CNTs and related domains, by exploiting bibliometric tools. We focused on the item of competition/collaboration between disciplines and nations, with the purpose of evaluating the position of chemistry (as a discipline) as well as the position of the main European countries and the European Union (EU) as a whole in the context of CNT research. The results of such analysis outline very clearly the interdisciplinary landscape wherein CNT research is situated and show the highly competitive place occupied by EU in the field.     

Ideal Free Distribution in Two Patches

In this paper, the formats of Julia sets for a class of nonlinear complex dynamic systems with variable coefficients were studied under certain conditions. For the complex dynamic systems in piecewise cases, we proposed some methods to control the forms of their Julia sets and stable domains analytically. What’s more, we illustrated that our methods worked well by computational simulations. Our work provides a better understanding about how to control the Julia sets of certain complex dynamic systems.     

Influence of Control Parameters on the Competition Between Spiral Waves and Target Waves

In this paper we systematically investigate the influence of control parameters on the competition results between spiral waves and target waves. Driving frequency f , amplitude A and injection area n of the input signals are three important parameters and the competition results between spiral waves and target waves are influenced by these three parameters remarkably. Based on these understandings we can control spiral waves effectively by suitable combination these parameters to generate faster target waves. And the effective controllable parameter regions are also studied.     

Investigation of quadrature imbalance compensation algorithm for coherent 6PolSK-QPSK

6PolSK-QPSK is a promising modulation format in optical fiber communication. Because of the damage suffered during the transmission and reception, a series of algorithms are needed to be adopted to recover the original data. We proposed a novel quadrature imbalance compensation algorithm based on the data statistical properties. Simulation results show that the quadrature imbalance can be well compensated with the proposed algorithm.     

高中化学竞赛中电子效应和空间效应考点分析——以近年全国化学奥林匹克竞赛试题为例

电子效应和空间效应是有机化学的基础,近年来,这部分知识在全国化学奥林匹克竞赛中的考查比例处于上升趋势。因此,以近年全国化学奥林匹克竞赛试题为例,详细说明电子效应和空间效应在竞赛中的考点,帮助辅导化学竞赛的教师和参加化学竞赛的考生了解该部分知识需要达到的教学标准和掌握层次。     

大学生化学竞赛对实验教学改革与创新人才培养的促进作用*

大学生的化学竞赛是课内实验教学的有效延伸,也是从学生视角对实验教学效果的有效检验。通过分析和比较学生参加化学实验竞赛的过程和效果,能有效促进化学实验教学改革、课程建设及创新人才的培养。近年来吉林大学化学学院学生实验竞赛的成绩显著提高,一方面通过化学竞赛激发本科生喜爱化学和开展化学研究的热情,增加学习的主观能动性;另一方面通过竞赛发现问题,在解决问题的过程中促进实验教学改革和课程建设,学院“三阶段”模式的竞赛活动开展,更加有利于培养学生的创新意识和创新能力,促进了化学创新人才的培养。     

理论研究电流注入对垂直腔面发射激光器多横模行为的影响

从包含时空变量的速率方程出发,针对弱折射率导引垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSELs),利用空间积分法分析了典型电注入参数对VCSELs多横模行为的影响,在不降低模型准确性的前提下提高了仿真效率。仿真结果表明,注入盘孔径和注入环越小、注入强度越低以及电流扩散越弱时,VCSELs更易实现单横模工作;反之,VCSELs高阶横模开始出现并呈现较强的模式竞争,引发了载流子空间烧孔效应,并导致基模强度降低。进一步得出,在环形注入方式下,高阶模式更容易出现且彼此间的竞争较盘形注入时强。     

Jordan–Cattaneo waves: Analogues of compressible flow

We review work of Jordan on a hyperbolic variant of the Fisher–KPP equation, where a shock solution is found and the amplitude is calculated exactly. The Jordan procedure is extended to a hyperbolic variant of the Chafee–Infante equation. Extension of Jordan’s ideas to a model for traffic flow are also mentioned. We also examine a diffusive susceptible–infected (SI) model, and generalizations of diffusive Lotka–Volterra equations, including a Lotka–Volterra–Bass competition model with diffusion. For all cases we show how a Jordan–Cattaneo wave may be analysed and we indicate how to find the wavespeeds and the amplitudes. Finally we present details of a fully nonlinear analysis of acceleration waves in a Cattaneo–Christov poroacoustic model.