Electrochemistry of Cobalta Bis(dicarbollide) Ions Substituted at Carbon Atoms with Hydrophilic Alkylhydroxy and Carboxy Groups

In this study we explore the effect on the electrochemical signals in aqueous buffers of the presence of hydrophilic alkylhydroxy and carboxy groups on the carbon atoms of cobalta bis(dicarbollide) ions. The oxygen-containing exo-skeletal substituents of cobalta bis(dicarbollide) ions belong to the perspective building blocks that are considered for bioconjugation. Carbon substitution provides wider versatility and applicability in terms of the flexibility of possible chemical pathways. However, until recently, the electrochemistry of compounds substituted only on boron atoms could be studied, due to the unavailability of carbon-substituted congeners. In the present study, electrochemistry in aqueous phosphate buffers is considered along with the dependence of electrochemical response on pH and concentration. The compounds used show electrochemical signals around −1.3 and +1.1 V of similar or slightly higher intensities than in the parent cobalta bis(dicarbollide) ion. The signals at positive electrochemical potential correspond to irreversible oxidation of the boron cage (the C2B9 building block) and at negative potential correspond to the reversible redox process of (CoIII/CoII) at the central atom. Although the first signal is typically sharp and its potential can be altered by a number of substituents, the second signal is complex and is composed of three overlapping peaks. This signal shows sigmoidal character at higher concentrations and may be used as a diagnostic tool for aggregation in solution. Surprisingly enough, the observed effects of the site of substitution (boron or carbon) and between individual groups on the electrochemical response were insignificant. Therefore, the substitutions would preserve promising properties of the parent cage for redox labelling, but would not allow for the further tuning of signal position in the electrochemical window.     

用自积分式罗氏线圈测量纳秒级高压脉冲电流

介绍了测量纳秒级高压脉冲大电流信号用的自积分式罗氏线圈的优点、用途、基本原理及设计。利用传输理论分析了它的信号响应及干扰。对研制出的罗氏线圈进行了标定。设计的线圈的灵敏度在1.4mV/A,可以采用的上升时间小于2ns,脉宽小于200ns,电流信号10A～40kA。自积分式罗氏线圈广泛用于脉冲功率技术中的快过程大电流测量。     

长脉冲keV X射线源的辐射特征

利用神光Ⅱ第九路2 ns长脉冲激光束作用厚钛固体靶,研究了产生的keV X射线源的辐射区域和总辐射功率的时间行为。结果表明：在长脉冲激光作用厚固体靶时,硬X射线线辐射功率的时间行为以及辐射体积的时间行为与激光脉冲波形一致;长脉冲时,等离子体2维膨胀效应非常显著,keV X射线线辐射的径向辐射区域在激光焦斑尺寸附近达到饱和,导致X射线线辐射功率出现饱和,且keV X射线线辐射的辐射体积正比于焦斑尺寸的3次方。从理论和实验角度研究了在同样入射激光能量下,辐射功率随激光焦斑尺寸的变化关系,发现keV X射线线辐射的饱和辐射功率正比于焦斑尺寸的5/3次方,理论结果与实验结果一致。并讨论了相同基频输出激光能量下,keV X射线辐射总功率随激光波长的变化关系,发现即使考虑了倍频效率的影响,短波长激光仍然有利于keV X射线的发射。     

周期极化LiNbO3脉冲走离效应分析

建立了包含高阶群速色散的OPCPA 数值模拟程序,并以准相位匹配的周期极化的LiNbO3(PPLN)参量放大器为例,在信号光是中心波长1 053 nm,脉宽100 fs的飞秒脉冲经展宽器展宽800 ps的啁啾脉冲,输入能量约0.6 nJ,泵浦光波长527 nm,脉宽3 ns,初始输入泵浦光强300 MW/cmLiNbO2,PPLN晶体的非共线角1.49°,极化周期9.7 μm的条件下, 对OPCPA过程前级的高阶群速色散引起的走离效应对泵浦光、信号光频谱和脉冲形状的影响等具体特性进行了数值模拟。结果表明：在合适的晶体长度下,高阶群速色散对参量转换效率的影响不大,但它对输出信号光的时间波形和频谱有较大影响,会引起脉冲时间形状畸变和频谱漂移。     

基于Eclipse图形建模框架的图形化脉冲序列设计软件的实现

采用Eclipse图形建模框架（Graphical Modeling Framework,GMF）技术构建了一个图形化磁共振脉冲序列设计软件．软件具备所见即所得的特点,用户使用拖放方式所画出的脉冲序列与教科书和参考文献上的脉冲序列几乎一样．软件支持核磁共振（Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,NMR）波谱和磁共振成像（Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI）的脉冲序列设计,同时提供实验参数管理模块,实现脉冲序列基础上的NMR实验设计和执行预览．得益于GMF完善的模型-视图-控制器模式和强大的代码生成能力,软件开发周期大幅度缩短、扩展能力大幅度提高．     

250 kV，1 MHz重复率方波三脉冲源

阐述了一种新的实现高功率高重复率方波脉冲源的技术途径,利用高压快恢复整流硅堆把三个独立的方波脉冲合成为一个MHz重复率的方波三脉冲。通过合理的串并联设计,可以提高硅堆在高频脉冲下的反向耐压,并使硅堆通过的正向脉冲电流达到kA量级。方波三脉冲源输出指标达到了电压250 kV,脉冲电流10 kA,峰值功率2.5 GW,重复率1 MHz,脉冲上升时间约40 ns,脉冲平顶宽度50 ns。     

F-P滤波器对啁啾光脉冲脉宽的扩展和压缩

导出了啁啾光脉冲通过F P滤波器后输出脉冲光强的解析表达式。在此基础上 ,对啁啾光脉冲通过F P滤波器后其脉冲宽度的变化进行了研究。结果表明 ,对于一确定的滤波器 ,其对输入脉冲脉宽的影响与输出脉冲的宽度及啁啾因子的大小有关     

Enhanced Compression of Fundamental Solitons in Dispersion Decreasing Fibers with Negative Third-order Dispersion Ⅱ. Effects of Fiber Characteristics and Initial Soliton Width

Previous work have shown that the combined effects of negative third-order dispersion (TOD) and Raman self-scattering (RSS) can significantly enhance soliton compression in dispersion decreasing fibers (DDFs). In this paper, the effects of the negative TOD coefficient and the effective amplification of DDF′s on the performance of soliton compression are investigated. It is shown that for a given initial soliton width and a given effective amplification, there exists an optimum value of the negative TOD coefficient of the DDF at which the enhancement in soliton compression is maximum. It is also shown that the compression enhancement saturates when the effective amplification exceeds a certain value, which has been explained as a compromise between the higher-order effects induced increase of the ratio of input to output group-velocity dispersion coefficients of the DDF and the TOD induced non-adiabatic compression characteristics. The dependence of the compression enhancement on the initial soliton width have also be studied and the scheme is found works well for solitons with initial widths less than 3 ps.     

微微秒超短脉冲的光学压缩

在研究了短光纤(L～L_w)中受激喇曼散射的斯托克斯脉冲对基波脉冲能量箝位效应的基础上进行了脉冲压缩实验。以高泵浦功率(P=1600W)注入长度为8.95m绿光单模光纤中,采用双光程的光栅对压缩结构,并引入空间频率窗口滤除自相位调制光谱的非线性啁啾部分,将40ps的锁模Nd:YAG倍频光脉压缩至<5ps。     

利用CARS方法研究超短脉冲激光的脉冲宽度

在理论上提出了利用两光束CARS/CSRS方法测量超短脉冲激光的三阶相关函数。实验上在几种样品中测量了CARS/CSRS的时间特性,得到了泵浦光脉冲,SCDL输出光脉冲以及受激喇曼散射光脉冲的宽度。