浅谈如何合理性选配和组建物理实验仪器系统

介绍了浙江大学物理实验中心合理性选配和组建物理实验仪器系统的方法和经验,并以光学实验室为例展开探讨.     

High‐pressure studies of the micro‐Raman spectra of iron cyanide complexes: Prussian blue (Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3), potassium ferricyanide (K3[Fe(CN)6]), and sodium nitroprusside (Na2[Fe(CN)5(NO)]·2H2O)

The pressure dependences of the peaks observed in the micro‐Raman spectra of Prussian blue (Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃), potassium ferricyanide (K₃[Fe(CN)₆]), and sodium nitroprusside (Na₂[Fe(CN)₅(NO)]·2H₂O) have been measured up to 5.0 GPa. The vibrational modes of Prussian blue appearing at 201 and 365 cm⁻¹ show negative dν/dP values and Grüneisen parameters and are assigned to the transverse bending modes of the Fe C N Fe linkage which can contribute to a negative thermal expansion behavior. A phase transition occurring between 2.0 and 2.8 GPa in potassium ferricyanide is shown by changes in the spectral region 150–700 cm⁻¹. In the spectra of the nitroprusside ion, there are strong interactions between the FeN stretching mode and the FeNO bending and the axial CN stretching modes. The pressure dependence of the NO stretching vibration is positive, 5.6 cm⁻¹ GPa⁻¹, in contrast to the negative behavior in the iron(II)‐meso‐tetraphenyl porphyrinate complex. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国高功率固体激光技术发展中的两次突破

高功率固体激光是激光聚变、高能量密度物理与前沿基础科学研究必需的实验手段。上世纪六七十年代,老一辈科学家王淦昌、王大珩、邓锡铭、于敏等人以敏锐的科学洞察力与超前的战略眼光,开创了中国激光聚变研究的宏伟工程,为中国高功率固体激光技术的长远发展注入了强劲的东风。中国工程物理研究院(简称中物院)作为激光聚变研究的总体单位,联合中国科学院等国内优势单位,在国家强有力的支持下,推动与组织了中国高功率固体激光技术与装置研制的快速发展。中物院激光聚变研究中心作为高功率固体激光技术研发的总体单位之一,敢于担当、勇于创新,团结协作,坚持三十余载,实现了中国高功率固体激光技术研发历程中的两次“突破”,即突破新一代高功率钕玻璃激光技术,相继研制成功了亚洲规模最大、技术先进的神光-Ⅲ原型装置和神光-Ⅲ激光装置;突破百太瓦超短超强激光关键技术,建成了国内首台输出能力高达200 TW的SILEX-Ⅰ超短超强脉冲激光装置。两次“突破”,不但有力地支撑了中国激光聚变与相关基础科学研究的高速发展,同时实现了中国高功率固体激光技术发展由“望尘莫及”到“望其项背”的跨越,奠定了由“望其项背”到与美、法先进国家“三足鼎立”的坚实基础。     

两种测试高温超导薄膜微波表面电阻方法的讨论

介绍两种工作在12GHz附近的高温超导薄膜微波表面电阻Rs测试系统,并分析各自的特点.同时简介电子科技大学在提高Rs测试精度上所作的一些改进.     

The role of the dynamic pressure in stationary heat conduction of a rarefied polyatomic gas

The effect of the dynamic pressure (non-equilibrium pressure) on stationary heat conduction in a rarefied polyatomic gas at rest is elucidated by the theory of extended thermodynamics. It is shown that this effect is observable in a non-polytropic gas. Numerical studies are presented for a para-hydrogen gas as a typical example.     

一种用于高功率微波合成的X波段双色板

在数值模拟的基础上,设计了一种用于高功率微波合成的X波段同频带双色板。微波斜45°入射时,该双色板在9 GHz到9.3 GHz内反射效率大于99%,在9.7 GHz到10 GHz内传输效率大于99%,可以用于实现两路高功率微波的同极化合成。利用电磁场全波分析软件,建立了双色板数值模型,分析了该双色板的场增强因子和功率容量问题。     

Effect of pressure on the performance of plasma synthetic jet actuator

The effects of the ambient air pressure level on the performance of plasma synthetic jet actuator have been investigated through electrical and optical diagnostics.Pressures from 1 atm down to 0.1 atm were tested with a 10 Hz excitation.The discharge measurement demonstrates that there is a voltage range to make the actuator work reliably.Higher pressure level needs a higher breakdown voltage,and a higher discharge current and energy deposition are produced.But when the actuator works with the maximum breakdown voltage,the fraction of the initial capacitor energy delivered to the arc is almost invariable.This preliminary study also confirms the effectiveness of the plasma synthetic jet at low pressure.Indeed,the maximum velocities of the precursor shock and the plasma jet induced by the actuator with maximum breakdown voltage are independent of the ambient pressure level;reach about 530 and 460 m/s respectively.The mass flux of the plasma jet increases with ambient pressure increasing,but the strength of the precursor shock presents a local maximum at 0.6 atm.     

强磁场对金属离子掺杂CaTiO_3结构和光学性能的影响

研究了800℃条件下不同制备磁场强度(最高12 T)对Ca Ti O3及其浸渍掺杂样品在结构和光学性能方面的影响.研究表明:样品吸光性能随浸渍掺杂的离子浓度的增大而提升,且发生红移现象;相同掺杂浓度下,磁场下制备样品的吸光性能均较非磁场下制备的样品有所提高,但不同磁场强度下所制备样品的吸光曲线彼此差异不大;此外,磁制备纯Ca Ti O3晶体粉末的X-射线衍射曲线峰左移,紫外-可见漫反射光谱吸收截止波长增长,这表明强磁场可使Ca Ti O3晶面间距和晶格常数增大、禁带宽度减小.     

Epitaxial growth of Ge1-xSnx films with x up to 0.14 grown on Ge （001） at low temperature

We characterize the structures of Ge1-xSnx films with x up to 0.14 grown on Ge （001） by molecular-beam epitaxy at low temperature. The results show that Ge1-xSnx films are fully strained even at high Sn composition. The in-plane lattice parameters remain exactly the same as that of the substrate. Depth sensitivity analysis of the lattice parameters indicates that the strains of the epitaxial films are all in homogeneity. The films are fully strained. Poisson ratios, the force constants for the bonds between Ge and Sn are estimated and discussed in the present paper. Raman results show Ge-Ge, Ge-Sn, Sn-Sn vibrational modes. The Sn-Sn bond aggregation may respond to the high quality of our films. The fully strained epitaxy films with high content of Sn may be useful in designing the high quality GeSn films.     

微型同轴脉管制冷机最低制冷温度影响因素的实验研究

本文对微型同轴脉管制冷机最低制冷温度的影响因素进行了实验研究。试验结果表明:在其他运行参数不变的情况下,随着氢浓度的逐渐减少,最低制冷温度也逐渐降低,当氢的摩尔浓度小于20％时,其最低制冷温度和纯氦相差不大。不同的氢氦配比下,该脉管制冷机的最佳运转频率为16.7 Hz。随着系统平均压力的提高,最低制冷温度也随之下降,但变化幅度越来越小。