Interval oscillation criteria for second order super‐half linear functional differential equations with delay and advanced arguments

Sufficient conditions are established for oscillation of second order super half linear equations containing both delay and advanced arguments of the form where ?_δ (u) = |u |^{δ –1}u; α > 0, β ≥ α, and γ ≥ α are real numbers; k, p, q, e, τ, σ are continuous real‐valued functions; τ (t) ≤ t and σ (t) ≥ t with lim_{t →∞} τ (t) = ∞. The functions p (t), q (t), and e (t) are allowed to change sign, provided that p (t) and q (t) are nonnegative on a sequence of intervals on which e (t) alternates sign. As an illustrative example we show that every solution of is oscillatory provided that either m₁ or m₂ or r₀ is sufficiently large (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Stochastic comparisons of multivariate mixture models

In this paper we consider sufficient conditions in order to stochastically compare random vectors of multivariate mixture models. In particular we consider stochastic and convex orders, the likelihood ratio order, and the hazard rate and mean residual life dynamic orders. Applications to proportional hazard models and mixture models in risk theory are also given.     

寿命分布年龄性质研究的总结与展望

本文对于寿命分布年龄性质过去20多年来的研究工作进行回顾,特别针对过去10年里我国寿命可靠性研究的工作结果加以总结。基于目前的研究现状我们也对未来的研究趋势和进一步发展做出展望。     

母乳常温及低温保存期的研究

为研究母乳的保质问题,实验测定了母乳在常温(20℃),冷藏(4℃)和低温(-18℃)存放时的保存期。并以母乳存放在低温(-18℃)为例,测量了其新鲜度及其蛋白质,脂肪等营养成分的变化规律.研究显示,新鲜母乳在20℃下,能存放5-6小时左右。在4℃条件下,存放时间能达到3—5天左右。在-18℃下,母乳的营养成分在前三个月变化不大.四个月后蛋白质、脂肪含量分别下降了30%,60%左右;酸度由17.94°T上升至21.44°T。在此条件下,可以保存四个月。     

Recent Mechanistic and Synthetic Developments in the Chemistry of Transition‐Metal Vinylidene Complexes

Transition‐metal vinylidene complexes are intermediates in a number of synthetically important transformations of alkynes. Underpinning these applications is the ability of various electron‐rich transition‐metal complexes to effectively facilitate the conversion of alkynes into their vinylidene tautomers. Recent experimental and theoretical studies have provided considerable insight into the mechanisms by which this process occurs and they are detailed herein. In particular, it has been demonstrated that different substituents on both the metal and the alkyne may have profound effects on both the kinetic and thermodynamic profiles of the alkyne/vinylidene tautomerisation. An important finding is that internal alkynes may be employed to prepare disubstituted vinylidene complexes under easily accessible conditions. This discovery brings to light a new facet of the potential synthetic applications of transition metal vinylidene complexes.     

A classical dataset from Williams,and its role in the study of supersaturated designs

A Plackett‐Burman type dataset from a paper by Williams [1], with 28 observations and 24 two‐level factors, has become a standard dataset for illustrating construction (by halving) of supersaturated designs (SSDs) and for a corresponding data analysis. The aim here is to point out that for several reasons this is an unfortunate situation. The original paper by Williams contains several errors and misprints. Some are in the design matrix, which will here be reconstructed, but worse is an outlier in the response values, which can be observed when data are plotted against the dominating factor. In addition, the data should better be analysed on log‐scale than on original scale. The implications of the outlier for SSD analysis are drastic, and it will be concluded that the data should be used for this purpose only if the outlier is properly treated (omitted or modified). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

单向加载,平均应力下的疲劳短裂纹生长

本文报道单向加载下平均应力和交变应力对疲劳短裂纹生长的影响。采用一种1.99%NiCrMo钢,在平均应力和交变应力不同组合的应力控制条件下进行室温疲劳试验,将疲劳过程划分为3个阶段:塑性局部化,微观组织短裂纹(MSC)生长和物理短裂纹(PSC)生长,研究了平均应力对上述3个阶段的影响并得到一组关系式,这些关系式可预测多种平均应力和交变应力组合条件下短裂纹的初始阶段和生长行为。获得了不同平均应力下疲劳承载曲线的满意的预测结果。本研究为仍依赖于传统的Goodman疲劳图的设计人员提供了一种以疲劳过程物理机制为基础的方法。     

比例超载对铝合金圆孔薄板试件低周拉-拉疲劳寿命的影响

对铝合金圆孔薄板试件进行了超载和常辐的对比实验,取六种超载比,对每一超载比各进行了不同超载周次的实验,从这些实验结果看出,对每一超载比,超载试件的疲劳寿命和常辐疲劳试件的寿命比值先是随超载周数的增加而较快的增加,之后在一个相当大的超载周数范围内,超载寿命比的变化不大。当超载周数超过一定值时,超载寿命比随超载周数的增加而略有减少。本文的实验中,在超载60％的情况下,超载周数从20周到90周的范围内,超载试件的平均寿命比常辐疲劳试件的寿命约高3.5倍。