A novel origin of CP violation

We propose the complex group theoretical Clebsch-Gordan coefficients as a novel origin of CP violation. This is manifest in our model based on SU(5) combined with the double tetrahedral group, T^′. Due to the presence of the doublet representations in T^′, there exist complex CG coefficients, leading to explicit CP violation in the model, while the Yukawa couplings and the vacuum expectation of the scalar fields remain real. The tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing matrix arises from the CG coefficients of T^′. In addition to the prediction for , the model gives rise to a sum rule, , which is a consequence of the Georgi-Jarlskog relations in the charged fermion sector. The leptonic Dirac CP violating phase, δ_?, is predicted to be ∼227^°, which turns out to be the value needed to account for the difference between the experimental best fit value for the solar mixing angle and the TBM prediction. The predicted CP violation measures in the quark sector are also consistent with the current experimental data.     

对流、扩散及引力影响下He4燃烧系统的非平衡动力学

采用非平衡过程动力学理论,考虑核反应区对流、扩散及引力的影响.对He4燃烧有不考虑引力影响时,扩散效应是体系的稳定因素;(△) ·V→＞0时的对流效应是体系的稳定因素;核反应本身处于临界稳定状态;引力效应存在一临界半径rc,r＜rc和r＞rc分别为系统的稳定和不稳定因素.但综合以上所有效应,系统是稳定的,且涨落的模数越大,定态的稳定性程度越高.     

Intrinsic gravitational regularization of quantum fields

One implication of maximal proper acceleration is an intrinsic regularization of quantum fields which depends on the universal gravitational constant. It also follows that the vacuum energy density, seen by any one observer, is finite.     

Semi-Teleparallel Theories of Gravitation

A class of theories of gravitation that naturally incorporates preferred frames of reference is presented. The underlying space-time geometry consists of a partial parallelization of space-time and has properties of Riemann—Cartan as well as teleparallel geometry. Within this geometry, the kinematic quantities of preferred frames are associated with torsion fields. Using a variational method, it is shown in which way action functionals for this geometry can be constructed. For a special action the field equations are derived and the coupling to spinor fields is discussed.     

Gravity and the quantum vacuum inertia hypothesis

In previous work it has been shown that the electromagnetic quantum vacuum, or electromagnetic zero‐point field, makes a contribution to the inertial reaction force on an accelerated object. We show that the result for inertial mass can be extended to passive gravitational mass. As a consequence the weak equivalence principle, which equates inertial to passive gravitational mass, appears to be explainable. This in turn leads to a straightforward derivation of the classical Newtonian gravitational force. We call the inertia and gravitation connection with the vacuum fields the quantum vacuum inertia hypothesis . To date only the electromagnetic field has been considered. It remains to extend the hypothesis to the effects of the vacuum fields of the other interactions. We propose an idealized experiment involving a cavity resonator which, in principle, would test the hypothesis for the simple case in which only electromagnetic interactions are involved. This test also suggests a basis for the free parameter η(ν) which we have previously defined to parametrize the interaction between charge and the electromagnetic zero‐point field contributing to the inertial mass of a particle or object.     

The status of supersymmetry phenomenology

In this brief review the following topics are discussed: Direct searches for SUSY in mSUGRA: a brief review of the relevant mass limits, the clean trilepton signal, the hunt for the third generation of sfermions, Direct searches beyond mSUGRA: search prospects in models with nonuniversal gaugino masses, search prospects in models with nonuniversal scalar masses, Indirect searches for SUSY: precision electroweak observables and SUSY, ε′/ε and SUSY.     

Unification of Filled Function and Tunnelling Function in Global Optimization

In this paper,two auxiliary functions for global optimization are proposed.These two auxiliaryfunctions possess all characters of tunnelling functions and filled functions under certain general assumptions.Thus,they can be considered as the unification of filled function and tunnelling function.Moreover,the processof tunneling or filling for global optimization can be unified as the minimization of such auxiliary functions.Result of numerical experiments shows that such two auxiliary functions are effective.     

Probing grand unification with fermion masses,neutrino oscillations and proton decay

It is noted that a set of facts points to the relevance in four dimensions of conventional supersymmetric unification based on minimally a string-unifiedG(224) symmetry, or maximallySO(10). These include: (i) the observed family structure, (ii) quantization of electric charge, (iii) meeting of the three gauge couplings, (iv) neutrino oscillations (in particular the value of δm ²(νμ−δ _τ), suggested by SuperK), (v) the intricate pattern of the masses and mixings of the fermions, including the smallness ofV _cb and the largeness ofθ _μνμτ ^osc , and (vi) the need for B-L as a generator to implement baryogenesis (via leptogenesis). A concrete proposal is presented within a predictiveSO(10)/G(224) framework that successfully describes the masses and mixings of all fermions, including the neutrinos — with eight predictions, all in agreement with observation. Within this framework, a systematic study of proton decay is carried out, which (a) pays special attention to its dependence on the fermion masses, (b) limits the threshold corrections so as to preserve natural coupling unification, and (c) uses recently improved values of the matrix element and renormalization effects. Allowing for both minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) and its proposed variant, the so-called extended supersymmetric standard model (ESSM), as effective low-energy the ories, the study shows that a conservative upper limit on the proton lifetime is about (l–2)× 10³⁴ years, with ·⁻K⁺ being the dominant decay mode, and quite possibly μ⁺ K ⁰ ande ⁺π⁰ being prominent. This in turn strongly suggests that an improvement in the current sensitivity by a factor of five to ten ought to reveal proton decay. For comparison, some alternatives to the conventional approach to unification pursued here are mentioned at the end. Invited paper presented at the International Summer School held at ICTP, Trieste (June, 2001) and at WHEPP-7 Conference, Allahabad, India (January, 2002). This is an updated version of the paper presented at the Erice School (September, 2000), hep-ph/0106082.