基于菲涅尔透镜的零闭锁激光陀螺抗辐照方案

为了增强零闭锁激光陀螺的航天环境适应性能力,分析对比了国内外多种激光陀螺抗辐照解调方案。提出了基于菲涅尔透镜的抗辐照解调方案,并对其合理性进行了理论论证。分析了使用菲涅尔透镜引入的误差,及其对陀螺信号信噪比的影响。完成了基于菲涅尔透镜方案的原理样机装配,并通过试验对方案的有效性进行了验证。研究结果表明:基于菲涅尔透镜的抗辐照方案适用于零闭锁激光陀螺,并易于工程实现。能够显著降低ZLG对光电管的尺寸要求,从而增强其整体抗辐照能力。该方案对于提高零闭锁激光陀螺的航天环境适应性具有一定的工程实用价值。     

光热显微术:基于光吸收的单分子成像技术

光热显微术是近年来获得广泛关注和长足发展的一种新型光学显微成像技术,能够实现单个纳米粒子甚至单分子的免标记光学成像。其成像原理是利用先进的光学方法探测单分子或单纳米粒子吸收特定波长激发光后所产生的局域温度和介质折射率的微小变化,从而定量研究观测对象的光热特性。由于无辐射弛豫是激发态分子回到基态的优势过程,分子的光热特性相比于荧光特性更具有普遍意义。凭借无需标记、高灵敏度和信号稳定等优点,近十年来,关于单分子和单纳米粒子的光热显微成像研究不断取得突破,并在纳米科学和生命科学等领域获得越来越多的发展和应用,展现出了蓬勃的生命力和良好的发展前景。本文重点综述了光热显微技术的成像原理、发展历程、技术特色以及系统优化方法,列举了光热成像在活细胞研究和生物学领域的应用,最后总结了光热成像的优缺点并分析其主要面临的挑战以及未来的发展趋势,希望吸引更多的研究人员加入到这一新技术的研究队伍中来。     

基于低相干干涉的透镜厚度测量及生物影像研究进展

低相干光干涉测量技术作为重要的非接触测量方法之一,由于具有结构简单、测量速度快及分辨率高的优点,在光学系统的非接触测量及生物医学影像等前沿领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文对透镜组的光学元件中心厚度及空气间隔的非接触测量技术进行了总结,简述了基于OCT的生物医学影像方面研究现状,重点论述基于低相干光干涉法测量原理和研究进展,对比分析相关研究方法的优缺点和创新之处,并从系统结构和应用范围的角度对低相干干涉测量技术的发展趋势作了展望。     

Effect of size and indium-composition on linear and nonlinear optical absorption of InGaN/GaN lens-shaped quantum dot

Based on the Schr ¨odinger equation for envelope function in the effective mass approximation, linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients in a multi-subband lens quantum dot are investigated. The effects of quantum dot size on the interband and intraband transitions energy are also analyzed. The finite element method is used to calculate the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Strain and In-mole-fraction effects are also studied, and the results reveal that with the decrease of the In-mole fraction, the amplitudes of linear and nonlinear absorption coefficients increase. The present computed results show that the absorption coefficients of transitions between the first excited states are stronger than those of the ground states. In addition, it has been found that the quantum dot size affects the amplitudes and peak positions of linear and nonlinear absorption coefficients while the incident optical intensity strongly affects the nonlinear absorption coefficients.     

5倍变焦距光学系统小型化设计

为了完成飞行器导引头目标识别与探测任务,以短焦距、大视场进行搜索并确认目标,以长焦距、小视场进行高精度目标识别。通过选择正组补偿的机械补偿法,采用3种普通光学材料,在长焦距位置,将前固定组、变倍组的组合设计为远摄型,使得系统结构紧凑,满足导引头小型化的要求。利用CODE V光学设计软件,优化设计了焦距为30~150 mm,视场角为12.90°×10.25°~2.59°×2.07°,筒长仅为174 mm的变焦距光学系统,得到成像质量优良的设计结果。各焦距、全视场平均传递函数值在50 lp/mm时为0.695,测试结果为0.562,满足系统的性能要求。     

Evaluation of polychromatic image quality of a birefringent lens by means of optical transfer function

Polychromatic or white-light optical transfer function (OTF) is put forward as a criterion to evaluate the performance of a uniaxial birefringent lens sandwiched between two linear polarizers. The optic axis of the birefringent crystal is perpendicular to the lens axis. The results show that the same system may be adapted for both enhanced resolution and apodization just by rotating any of the polarizers included in the system even under broadband illumination. The proposed system may also be exploited for image processing applications under polychromatic input illumination.     

Design of fly's-eye lens for LCOS laser display

Design of optical system in laser display has always been an important research topic. From the aspect of decreasing the system volume and improving the light efficiency, it can be found that when the size of fly's-eye lens and the value of f/# are definite, the more fly's-eye arrays there are, the more useful it will be to the decrease of the optical engine size, which means that more honeycombs on fly's-eye lens and better dodging effect can be more beneficial for the decrease of the system size. After the optimal design for the rectangular elements on sub-fly's-eye lens and then doing 4000 ray tracing, the light transmittance turns out to be good with little parasitic light and scattering light.     

A Surface Mounting Embedded Optical Transceiver with Bi-Directional Data Rate of Eight Channels × 10 Gbps

Abstract

The bi-directional data rate is investigated of an eight-channel × 10-Gbps optical transceiver with a size of 15 mm × 15 mm × 6 mm and ball grid array package form that was designed and fabricated. A passive optical coupling method is designed based on a coupling lens array, which is transformed to substrate through a carrier. This electrical performance is characterized through a 3D full wave simulation and shows great advantages compared with traditional pluggable optical transceivers. Experimental eye diagram measurement in loop-back mode via a 2-m-long multi-mode fiber array shows an eye width of 51.984 ps at a bit-error rate order of 10^?12, which proves the transceiver's ability for 10.3125-Gbps data transmission.     

棱镜分光光谱仪的光学系统设计与光谱特性计算

设计了离轴全球面成像光谱仪和离轴校正透镜棱镜分光成像光谱仪两种光学系统.在离轴全球面成像光谱仪的基础上,提出了改进型离轴校正透镜光谱仪,仅采用一个色散棱镜,避免了大口径同心透镜;有效校正了大视场像差,色散非线性修正效果显著.通过调节离轴角和光谱仪的焦距控制了畸变,补偿了与波长相关的狭缝弯曲,减小了残余像差,并降低了整个光谱仪工程实施的难度.从工程合理性、加工可实现性和光学性能等方面比较了两个系统的特点,推导和给出了光谱分辨率和狭缝弯曲的计算结果.从设计结果看,改进型离轴校正透镜光谱仪的传递函数最小值大于75％,而离轴全球面成像光谱仪的最小值只大于60％.从加工难易程度看,离轴全球面成像光谱仪采用一个接近Φ200 mm的石英透镜,其透射材料远不如改进型离轴校正透镜光谱仪透镜材料的均匀性和面形准确度高,而且大口径透镜大大增加了制备难度和成本.从工程布局看,改进型离轴校正透镜光谱仪充分考虑了与机械结构的匹配,狭缝与第一面反射镜的轴向距离较合理.从光谱特性看,两个光学系统的光谱分辨率结果基本接近,离轴全球面成像光谱仪光谱弯曲结果略好于离轴校正透镜结构.因此,综合比较得出离轴校正透镜光谱仪是最佳的选择方案,该系统可应用在短波红外波段的光谱成像的遥感探测.     

基于单目图像和方向的测距系统及性能分析

 针对非合作大目标的被动测距问题,介绍了一种基于单目图像序列和成像方向的测距系统,并进行了性能分析.这种测距系统的特点是无需初始距离导引,它对目标距离的估计借助于专门的定位方程,方程由目标特征线度、摄像机的空间坐标、目标在采样时刻对相机的方位角和俯仰角决定.其中,方位角和俯仰角通过光电经纬仪获得,摄像机的空间坐标通过GPS获得,目标特征线度通过相邻帧图像匹配得到.分析表明,该系统的性能主要取决于特征线度的准确度,其他测量误差如目标的方位角、俯仰角和摄像机的空间坐标对其影响较小.目标特征线度选取时,在相邻帧目标图像匹配点中,筛选出三个具有较大极限的尺度不变特征变换关键点,构造三角形及其外接圆,在外接圆上取经过三角形重心且平行或垂直于尺度不变特征变换主方向的弦线作为特征线度,这种特征线度对目标旋转不敏感.实验结果表明这种测距方法能够实现对非合作大目标的被动测距.